被动语态的讲解_专项练习及参考答案

1、被动语态全解语态是动词的一种形式 , 表示句子中主语和谓语动词的关系 , 主动语态表 示主语是动作的执行者 ,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。只有及物动词才能 用于被动语态。15被动语态的时态：2. 情态动词的被动语态：3. 一般过去时的被动语态：4. 一般将来时的被动语态：5. 现在进行时的被动语态：6. 过去进行时的被动语态：7. 现在完成时的被动语态：8. 过去完成时的被动语态：9. 过去将来时的被动语态：1. 一般现在时的被动语态：am /is/ are +动词的过去分词情态动词 + be + 动词的过去分词 was /were +动词的过去分词 will be + 动词的过去分词 a

2、m /is /are +doing +动词的过去分词was/were+doing+动词的过去分词 have/has +been +动词的过去分词had+been +动词的过去分词 would/should+be+动词的过去分词二被动语态的基本用法:(1) 需要强调动作的承受者时the great wall is enjoyed by millions of people all over the world english is widely spoken in the world now.(2) 不知道或没必要指出动作的执行者时mr. wang is invited to the meeti

3、ng today . the problem is dealt with now .(3) 当说话人需要强调客观时it is said that she was a beauty when she was young .三主动语态变被动语态的变法： 口诀：宾变主，主变宾，谓变be done , 时不变，数格必须随被变。注： 1. 主动、被动的时态要一致。2. 主动、被动的句式要一致。3. 变成的被动语态的主语与谓语在单复数上保持一致。四、语态转换不被动语态的步骤1,把原主动句中的宾语转换为被动语态的主语2,把动词改为被动语态形式即"be+ 过去分词 "。3, 原来主动语态句

4、子中的主语 ,如果需要就放在 by 的后面以它的宾格形式出现 （因为 by 是介词 ,后面需跟宾格作介词的宾语。 ）以指明做事的人或物 ,如果没有必 要, 可以省略。4,其它成分不变5,被动语态中 "by+ 宾语 "的省略被动语态句式中的 "by+ 宾语 "表示及物动词所表示动作的执行者 , 但是在遇到以 下情况时 ,表示动作执行者 "by + 宾语"常常被省略。(1) 动作执行者不确定时paper is made from wood .many people are killed in traffic accidents every

5、 year .(2) 不必表明动作执行者时english is also spoken as the second language as well as one of the official languages football is played in most schools。(3 ) 动作执行者为一般大众时both english and spanish are spoken in this area.一般过去时的被动语态的基本句式(1) 肯定式:主语+ was /were +过去分词 +byit was made in beijing ren'ai education in

6、stitute .(2) 否定式 :主语 +was /were + not +过去分词 + by she was not given a paniting by him .this question was not discussed at the meeting yesterday .(3) 一般疑问句 :was /were +主语+过去分词 +by ?was it made of bamboo?(4) 特殊疑问句 : 特殊疑问词 +was/were +过去分词 +by what was is made of ?教你一招如果句子为一般现在时 , 主动语态用 do/does , 被动语态用 i

7、s/am /are如果句子为一般过去时 , 主动语态用 did , 被动语态用 was /were . 由情态动词构成的被动语态的基本句式 肯定式:主语+情态动词 +be+ 过去-water can be chan ged in to ice.she ought to tidy up her bedroom- her bedroom ought to be tidied up.you should buy a dictionary at once- a dictionary should be bought at once by you.(2) 否定式:主语+情态动词 +not +be + 过

8、去分词 +byyou must not take out any books .- any books mustn't be taken out by you .they needn't look after the little child- the little child needn't be looked after (by them) 疑问句:情态动词 +主语+be + 过去分词 +by can you use it ? -can it be used ?常见的情态动词有 :can,may, ought to, must , dare , need,shoul

9、d.主动语态不能变为被动语态的情况 :1, 当宾语是反身代词时 the man introduced himself as mr.parker .2, 当谓语是表示状态的及物动词时does the pair of new shoes suit you? we will have a meeting .四特殊情况的被动语态：1. 带双宾语的被动语态：动词+ sb( 间宾) +sth( 直宾) 口诀：如遇双宾语，一般变间宾，若把直宾变，to /for 间宾连。1) .give/pass /show与介词 to 搭配。give sb sth sb +be given sth或 sth +be giv

10、en +to sb .2) .buy/make/cook与介词 for 搭配。buy sb sth sb +be bought + sth或 sth +be bought +for sb he gave me a bookia book by him.a bookme by him .my mother made me a cake .ia cake by my mothera cakeme by my mother .2. 带省 to 的不定式作宾补的被动语态：动词+ sb + do sth .口诀：感使动词真叫怪，to 来 to 去记心怀， 主动语态 to 离去被动语态 to 回来。 动词

11、： make / let /have /see/hear /feel /watchmake sb do sth- sb + be +made +to do sth the boss made the workers work all daythe workers_work all day by the boss.3. see /hear /notice /keep +sb +doing sth句型中变被动语态时 doing 不变。i heard tom singing just now tom 4. by me just now .以动词短语作谓语的主动语态变被动语态时，不可丢掉后面的介词或副

12、词。we should take care of the old . theold should 五注意事项：1. 有些及物动词或动词短语不能用于被动语态：last ,have ,ow n?.bel ong to ,suit ?fi ne ,2. 不及物动词是没有被动语态：happen ,take place ,appear , hold (容纳)3. 系动词是没有被动语态：look, feel ,sound ,smell ,taste?. the dish tastes good .4. 有些词组没有被动语态：sell well , write well ,ride well ,drive

13、wellthis kind of skirt sells well.5. need 表示需要时，后面常接doing 形式表示被动意义，相当于to be done . all the computers need repairing .=all the computers need.6. 在 too ?to ?及 enough to ? 结构中有时表示被动意义。the problem is too difficult to solve.一、单项选择( )1. do you often clean your classroom?yes. our classroomevery day.a. clea

14、n b.cleans c.is cleaned d.is cleaning( )2.a talk on developments in science and technologyin the school hall next week.a. will be publishedc. is being published ( )4.did you go to jackno,i.a. am not invited c.haven ' t invitedb. is publishingb.wasn ' t invitedd.didn ' t invitea. given b.

15、will be given c.has been given d.give ( )3.his new booknext month.( )5. mum,can i go to the zoo with jack?when your homework,you can.a. is done b.was done c.does d.did( )6.twenty year olds should notto drive in china. a.allow b.be allow c.be allowed d.allowed.( )7.seeing him rush into the room with

16、tears in his eyes,i asked him what a.would happen b.had happened c.happened d.was happened. ( )8.the book businessthe speed of thoughtin 1999.a.writes b.is written c.wrote d.was written.( )9.trees and flowersevery year to make our country more beautiful. a.is planted b.was planted c.are planted d.we

17、re planted.( )10.china 's sports stars yao ming and liu xianggood ambassadors(亲善大使 )for shang hai.a.has been named b.have been named c.has named d.have named. ( )11.the earth is our home.itwell.a.must be protectedb.should protectc.need protectd.should protected.( )12.in recent years, many childr

18、en are madewhat they are not. a.to do;interested inb.to do;interestedc.do;interestedd.do;interested. ( )13.a new libraryin your school last year?a.is;built b.was;built c.does;built d.did;built.( )14.an accidenton this road last week.a.has been happened b.was happened c.is happened d.happened. ( )15.

19、cottenin the southeast of china.a.is grown b.are grown c.grows d.grow. ( )16.so far, the moonby man already.willa. is visited b.will be visited c.has been visited d.was visited. ( )17.how many treesthis year?a.are planted b.will plant c.have been planted d.planted.( )18.a lot of thingsby people to s

20、ave the little girl now. a.are doing b.are being done c.has been done d.will be done.( )19.neither of themin chinaa.is made b.are made c.were made d.made.( )20.look! a nice picturefor our teacher.a. is drawing b.is being drawn c.has been drawn d.draws. ( )21.your shoes.you need a new pair.a.wear out

21、 b.worn out c.are worn out d.is worn.( )22.the doctorfor yet.a.isn ' t sent b.hasn' t been secn.twon ' t be sent d.wasn' t sent. ( )23 whenthis kind of computer?last year. a.did;use b.was;used c.is;used d.are;used( )24.the great wallabout all over the world. a.knows b.knew c.is known

22、 d.was known.( )25.iin summer.a.born b.was born c.have been born d.am born.( )26.he says that mr zhangto the factory next week. a.is sent b.would send c.was sent d.will be sent.( )27.whothis book?a.did;written b.was;written by c.do;written d.was;written ( )28.maryshow me her new dictionary.a.has ask

23、ed to b.was asked to c.is asked d.asks to ( )29. a storyby granny yesterday.a.was told us b.was told to us c.is told us d.told us( )30.the monkey was seenout of the tree.a.jump b.jumps c.jumped d.to jump二、单项选择1 ( ) 1 the people's republic of chinaon october 1, 1949.a. found b. was founded c. is

24、founded d. was found( ) 2 englishin canada.a. speaks b. are spoken c. is speaking d. is spoken ( ) 3 this english songby the girls after class.a. often sings b. often sang c. is often sang d. is often sung ( ) 4 this kind of carin japan.a, makes b. made c. is making d. is made ( ) 5 new computersall

25、 over the world.a. is used b. are using c. are used d. have used 2 ( ) 1 our room mustclean.a. keep b. be kept c. to be kept d. to keep( ) 2 -i'd like to buy that coat.-i'm sorry.a. it sold b. it's selling c. it's been sold d. it had been sold ( ) 3 a new houseat the corner of the ro

26、ad.a. is building b. is being built c. been built d. be building ( ) 4 the keyon the table when i leave.a. was left b. will be left c. is left d. has been left ( ) 5 doctorsin every part of the world.a. need b. are needing c. are needed d. will need 3( ) 1 japanesein every country.a. is not spoken b

27、. are spoken c. is speaking d. is not speaking ( ) 2 thesepapersyet.a. have not written b. have not been writtenc. has not written d. has not been written( ) 3 the sports meetbe held until next week.a. didn't b. won't c. isn't d. doesn't 4 ( ) 1 -my shoes are worn out.-.a. can't

28、they be mended? b. let me have a look at it.c. how much do they cost? d. can't they mended?( ) 2the watch been repaired yet? i badly need it.a. does b. has c. is d. are( ) 3these desks be needed?a. will b. are c. has d. do5( ) 1 whyto talk about it yesterday?a. didn't a meeting hold b. wasn&

29、#39;t a meeting heldc. wasn't held a meeting d. a meeting wasn't held ( ) 2 who was the book?a. write b. wrote c. written d. written by ( ) 3 wherethese boxes made?a. was b. were c. is d. am6( ) 1 the flowersoften.a. must be water b. must be watered c. must watered d. must water ( ) 2 the bo

30、oks mayfor two weeks.a. be kept b. be borrowed c. keep d. borrow( ) 3 the broken bikehere by mr smith.a. can mend b. can mended c. can be mend d. can be mended 7( ) 1 the old bridge in my hometownnext month.a. is going to be rebuiltb. will rebuiltc. are going to be rebuiltd. are going to rebuilt ( )

31、 2 the playat the theatre next sunday.a. is going to be shown b.will shown c. will show d. is shown ( ) 3 the old stone bridgenext week.a. is going to be rebuiltb. will be rebuildc. are going to be rebuiltd. will rebuild8( ) 1 now these magazinesin the library for a long time.a. have kept b. are kee

32、ping c. have been keeping d. have been kept ( ) 2 the potforhot water.a. used; keeping b. was used; keepingc. is used; to keep d. are used; keep ( ) 3 tea in the south of china.a. grows b. is grown c. were grown d. will grow ( ) 4 the bridgestwo years ago.a. is built b. built c. were built d. was bu

33、ilt( ) 5 wet clothes are oftenup near a fire in rainy weather.a. hang b. hanged c. hanging d. hung9( ) 1 the river smells terrible. people mustdirty things into it.a. be stopped to throwb. be stopped from throwingc. stop to throwd. stop from throwing ( ) 2 the teapotwater.a. is filled with b. filled

34、 of c. fulling of d. filled( ) 3 old people must be looked after well andpolitely.a. speak to b. spoken c. speak d. spoken to ( ) 4 old people must.a. look after wellb. be looked well afterc. looked well afterd. be looked after well 10( ) 1 newly-born babiesin hospital.a. are taken good careb. are t

35、aken good care ofc. take good care of d. take good care ( ) 2 they wereat the sudden noise.a. frightening b. frightened c. frighten d. frightens ( ) 3 these wallsstones.a. are made of b. made of c. are made into d. made into11( ) 1 janeto sing us an american song last saturday.a. called b. was asked

36、 c. told d. was said( ) 2 the papersto them.a. were shown b. showc. shown / d. have shown ( ) 3 the coather sister.a.made to b.were made for c.was made for d.was made to 12 ( ) 1 ifive minutes to decide whether i should go or not.a. gave b. was giving c. had given d. was given( ) 2 good caresuch thi

37、ngs.a. should take ofb. should be takenc. should be takingd. should be taken of( ) 3 she will _good care.a.take;of b.be taken;of c. take;for you d. be taken;of you 13( ) 1 the teacher made himhis homework.a. to do b. do c. did d. done( ) 2 the boystreets without pay in the old days.a. was made to cl

38、eanb. made cleanc. made to cleand. was made clean( ) 3 these childrendance.a. were seen to b. were seen for c. were seen d. saw to 14( ) 1 these stoneswell.a. are fitted b. fit c. fits d. is fitted ( ) 2 the bike500 yuan.a. was cost b. costed c. cost d. is costed( ) 3 the important meetingon a cold

39、morning last year.a. was had b. was held c. held d. had15 ( ) 1 great changesin the past ten years in china.a. took place b. have taken place c. were taking place d. had taken place ( ) 2 you can't use the computer, it.a.was broken down b.is wrong c.is bad d.has broken down( ) 3 great changesin

40、our country during the past 20 years.a. have happened b. happened c. have been happened d. were happened ( ) 4 the watch has oftendown.a. sat b. lain c. broken d. fell 16 ( ) 1 please pass me another cup. this one.a. is broken b. is breaking c. broke d. broken ( ) 2 the story booksby the writer in t

41、he 1960s.a. are written b. were writtenc. are writing d. were writing( ) 3 what timethe doorevery day?a. does; closed b. does; close c. is; closed d. /; close17 ( ) 1 can hehimself?a. get dress b. get dressed c. gets dressed d. instead of( ) 2 he fell from his bike and.a. is hurt b. gets hurt c. got

42、 hurt d. hurt( ) 3 lookout, please keep away from the fire,or your trousers will_ a. burnt b. burn c. burning d. get burnt18 ( ) 1 the applevery sweet.a. is tasted b. taste c. tastes d. are tasting ( ) 2 youmore beautiful in the light blue shirt.a. see b. watch c. look d. look at( ) 3 what you saidl

43、ike a good idea.a. heard b. listened c. sound d. sounded19 ( ) 1 -what do you think of the tv play? -wonderful. it is wortha second time.a. watching b. watched c. seen d. seeing ( ) 2 how dirty the tables are! they need.a. to clean b. clean c. cleaning d. cleaned（ ） 3 the book is worth.a. seeing b.

44、reading c. seen d. read（一）参考答案15cbaba 610cbdcb 1115aabda 1620ccbab 2125cbbcb2630dbbbd（二）参考答案：1. 1-5 b d d d c 2. 1-5 b c b b c3. 1-3 a b b 4. 1-3 a b a5. 1-3 b d b 6. 1-3 b a d 7. 1-3 a b a 8. 1-5 d b b c d9. 1-4 b a d d10. 1-3 b b a11. 1-3 b a c 12. 1-3 d d b13. 1-3 b a a14. 1-4 b c b15. 1-4 b d a

45、c 16. 1-3 a b c17. 1-3 b c d18. 1-3 c c d19. 1-3 a c b初中英语语法专项习题14- 被动语态( ) 1 the people's republic of chinaon october 1, 1949.a. found b. was founded c. is founded d. was found ( ) 2 englishin canada.a. speaks b. are spoken c. is speaking d. is spoken ( )3 this english songby the girls after cl

46、ass.a. often sings b. often sangc. is often sang d. is often sung( ) 4 this kind of carin japan.a, makes b. made c. is making d. is made ( ) 5 new computersall over the world.a. is used b. are using c. are used d. have used 2( ) 1 our room mustclean.a. keep b. be kept c. to be kept d. to keep ( ) 2

47、-i'd like to buy that coat.-i'm sorry.a. it sold b. it's selling c. it's been sold d. it had been sold ( ) 3 a new houseat the corner of the road.a. is building b. is being built c. been built d. be building ( ) 4 the keyon the table when i leave.a. was left b. will be left c. is lef

48、t d. has been left ( ) 5 doctorsin every part of the world.a. need b. are needing c. are needed d. will need ( ) 6 his new booknext month.a. will be published b. is publishingc. is being published d. has been published 3( ) 1 japanesein every country.a. is not spoken b. are spoken c. is speaking d.

49、is not speaking ( ) 2 these papersyet.a. have not written b. have not been writtenc. has not written d. has not been written( ) 3 the sports meetbe held until next week.a. didn't b. won't c. isn't d. doesn't 4( ) 1 -my shoes are worn out.a. can't they be mended? b. let me have a

50、look at it.c. how much do they cost? d. can't they mended?( ) 2the watch been repaired yet? i badly need it.a. does b. has c. is d. are( ) 3these desks be needed?a. will b. are c. has d. do 5( ) 1 whyto talk about it yesterday?a. didn't a meeting hold b. wasn't a meeting heldc. wasn'

51、t held a meeting d. a meeting wasn't held ( ) 2 who was the book?a. write b. wrote c. written d. written by( ) 3 wherethese boxes made?a. was b. were c. is d. am 6( ) 1 the flowersoften.a. must be water b. must be watered c. must watered d. must water ( ) 2 the books mayfor two weeks.a. be kept

52、b. be borrowed c. keep d. borrow( ) 3 the broken bikehere by mr smith.a. can mend b. can mended c. can be mend d. can be mended7( ) 1 the old bridge in my hometownnext month.a. is going to be rebuilt b. will rebuiltc. are going to be rebuiltd. are going to rebuilt ( ) 2 the playat the theatre next s

53、unday.a. is going to be shown b. will shownc. will show d. is shown ( ) 3 the old stone bridgenext week.a. is going to be rebuilt b. will be rebuildc. are going to be rebuilt d. will rebuild 8( ) 1 now these magazinesin the library for a long time.a. have kept b. are keeping c. have been keeping d.

54、have been kept ( ) 2 the pot forhot water.a. used; keeping b. was used; keepingc. is used; to keep d. are used; keep ( ) 3 teain the south of china.a. grows b. is grown c. were grown d. will grow ( ) 4 the bridgestwo years ago.wo it's a haidian top problemoa. is built b. built c. were built d. w

55、as built( ) 5 wet clothes are oftenup near a fire in rainy weather.a. hang b. hanged c. hanging d. hung 9( ) 1 the river smells terrible. people mustdirty things into it.a. be stopped to throw b. be stopped from throwingc. stop to throw d. stop from throwing ( ) 2 the teapotwater.a. is filled with b. filled ofc. fulling of d. filled()3 old people must be looked after well and a. speak to b. spoken c. speak d. spoken to ( ) 4 old people must.a. look after well b. be looked well afterc. looked well after d. be look