LP heater 低压加热器疏水及放气系统课件

1、喀北电站汽机资料喀北电站汽机资料低压加热器疏水及放气系统低压加热器疏水及放气系统 LP heater drainage water and air vent system低压加热器 LP heatern低压加热器介绍n低压加热器是在汽轮机回热系统中，从汽轮机抽出一定数量作过部分功的蒸汽来加热主凝结水的重要辅助设备。它是由水室，管系、壳体等组成的表面立式结构。nLP heater is an important auxiliary equipment in steam turbine regenerative system, it heats the main condensate water

2、by extracting some steam that have done partial work in steam turbine. It is surface heating type and vertical structure composed by water chamber, pipeline, shells and other parts, n水室主要由水室筒体、水室封头、主凝结水进、出水管等组成。nWater chamber mainly consists of cylinder body, water chamber head, inlet and outlet wat

3、er pipes of main condensate water, etc.n壳体由壳体上部、筒体、封头、水位警报器连接管 、液位计连接管、n压差形成器连接管以及安全阀连接管等组成。nShell body consists of upper part, cylinder, head, connecting pipe of water level alarm, connecting pipe of level gauge, connecting pipe of differential pressure former and connecting pipe of safety valve, e

4、tc.n管系由管板、分隔板、骨架及长度不等的U型管等组成，冷却水管材质为：TP304不锈钢管，不锈钢管用胀焊法固定在管板上，冷却水管管径：160.9，管束的胀差因管子呈U型而自行补偿。nPipe system consists of tube plate, partition board, U pipe with different frames and lengths and so on. Material of cooling pipe is: TP304 stainless steel pipe which is fixed on tube plate by means of expan

5、ded and welded tube joint. The diameter of cooling water pipe: 160.9, differential expansion of tube bank is compensated by itself because of its U shape.n主凝结水是由主凝结水进口流入水室，然后进入U型管，流经几个流程被蒸汽加热后由主凝结水出口流出。蒸汽由壳体上部的蒸汽进口流入，借中间管板做曲折流动同时被凝结成水，再由壳体下部的疏水口流出。少量不凝结气体经空气抽出管抽出，排入凝汽器上部。nMain condensate water from

6、its inlet flows into water chamber, and then flows into U tube, then it is heated by steam in several flows, finally flows out from its outlet. Steam from its inlet at upper part of shell flows into middle tube plate in which it is turned into condensate water at the same time, and then flows out fr

7、om drain outlet at bottom of shell body. A little non-condensed air is bled out by air bleeding pipe, and then flows into upper part of condenser.名 称 title单 位unitJD-200-27 type （JD1）JD-200-28 type（JD2）壳 程shell pass管 程pipe pass壳 程shell pass管 程pipe pass设计压力design pressureMPa0.62.70.62.7最高工作压力highest w

8、ork pressureMPa0.0289(a)2.20.0913(a)2.2设计温度design temperature9080150120工作温度work temperature70.263.399.492.1工作介质work media/蒸汽steam水water蒸汽steam水water介质流量media flowt/h11.19352.6218.24352.62流程 flow pass/6/6腐蚀裕度corrosion allowancemm1.251.251.251.25焊缝系数weld joint coefficient/0.850.850.850.85有效容积useful vo

9、lumem34.621.44.621.4传热面积heat transfer aream2/200/200 最大充水重量 full water weightt4.621.44.621.4名 称 title单 位unitJD-200-29型（JD3）JD-200-33型（JD4）壳 程shell process管 程pipe process壳 程shell process管 程pipe process设计压力design pressureMPa0.62.70.62.7最高工作压力highest work pressureMPa0.2197(a)2.20.4223(a)2.2设计温度design t

10、emperature200160200160工作温度work temperature124.9118.2166.8140.6工作介质work media/蒸汽steam水water蒸汽steam水water介质流量media flowt/h17.39352.6215.47352.62流程pass/6/6腐蚀裕度corrosion allowance mm1.251.251.251.25焊缝系数weld joint coefficient/0.850.850.850.85有效容积useful volumem34.621.44.621.4传热面积heat transfer aream2/200/2

11、00 最大充水重量 full water weightt4.621.44.621.4高、低加热器端差表（加热器编号及数量按照抽汽压力由高到低排列）高、低加热器端差表（加热器编号及数量按照抽汽压力由高到低排列） ends difference of LP heater and HP heater (the heaters serial number and quantity are arranged according to the bleeding steam pressure from high to low.)加热器号heater No.JG1JG2JD4JD5JD6JD7下端差（）low

12、er end difference （）005555低压加热器的操作 Operation of LP heatern 低压加热器投运：n1） 检查并保证疏水调节阀，水位计，水位控制等的功能正常，测量计正常。n2） 检查主抽汽阀和抽汽管道上的阀门以确保它们在正常的位置上。n3） 检查蒸汽进汽阀和进水阀、出水阀，保证它们关闭。nPut LP heater into operation：n1） Check and ensure the functions of governing valve, water level meter and water level control, etc are no

13、rmal, and the meter is normal. n2） Check main steam bleeding valve and valves on steam bleeding pipes to ensure they are in the right positions .n3） Check steam inlet valve and water inlet and outlet valves to ensure they are closed.n4) 加热器的启动是在汽轮机带一定负荷后投入运行，按其号数由低压至高压抽汽先后顺序进行。n5） 缓慢打开进水阀门，开启水室上的放气阀

14、，待放气阀向外溢水时将其关闭，然后缓慢开启出水阀门。关闭旁路阀门。n6） 关闭疏水调节阀n7） 打开所有的空气阀，让壳体内的空气进入凝汽器。n4) Startup of heaters are performed after turbine has a certain load; they are started according to the numerical order of steam bleeding sequence from LP to HP.n5） Slowly open the water inlet valve and open air vent valve on wat

15、er chamber. Close air vent valve after water overflows from it, and then slowly open water outlet valve and close bypass valve.n6） Close water drainage control valve.n7） Open all air valves to allow the air from the shell to enter in condenser.n8） 逐渐打开蒸汽进汽阀对管道预暖，同时，打开疏水调节阀。n9） 在管被加热后打开蒸汽进汽阀，调节疏水调节阀保

16、持水在正常的水位。n10） 联系热工投入低加水位自动。n8） Open steam inlet valve gradually to warm up the heat-exchange pipe, at the same time open drainage control valve.n9） After heat-exchange pipe is heated up, open steam inlet valve, and adjust drainage control valve to maintain water level in the normal position.n10） Con

17、tact I &C personnel to put LP heater water level in auto position.运行期间注意事项 Notices during operation n1） 注意加热器出口和下一个进口之间的凝结水温差，温差表明旁路关闭是否良好。n2） 注意蒸汽进汽阀，确保它完全打开。注意蒸汽进口处和排汽分接口之间的差压，差压不应该超过8%.n1） Pay attention to condensate temperature difference between heater outlet and the next inlet, and the tem

18、perature difference indicates that whether the bypass is closed well. n2） Pay attention to steam inlet valve and make sure it is fully opened. Pay attention to the pressure difference between steam inlet and exhaust sub-interface, and it should not exceed 8%.n3） 在正常的负载运行过程中，当低加中的空气进入凝汽器时，适当打开阀门防止大量的

19、高压蒸汽流入凝汽器，这将减少真空度，降低机组的热效率。n4） 当疏水水位上升时，打开疏水调节阀。当全部打开阀门后水位继续上升，紧急疏水阀应该自动打开。当紧急疏水阀打开后水位继续上升，需要找出水位上升的原因。根据水位上升的原因，切除低加。n3） During the normal load operation, when air in LP heater enters in the condenser, open valve properly to prevent large amount of HP steam from entering condenser, and this will re

20、duce the vacuum degree and the heat efficiency of unit.n4） When drainage water level rises, open drainage governing valve. When the valve is opened widely, water level will rise continuously, and emergency drain valve should be opened automatically. If the emergency drain valve is opened, and the wa

21、ter level still rises, the reasons should be found out. Cut off LP heater according to the reasons that cause water level rising. 低压加热器的停用低压加热器的停用 Outage of LP heatern加热器的停运是在汽轮机负荷降低到一定数值时，按其号数由高压到低压抽汽先后顺序切断n关闭低压加热器进汽电动阀门。 n停水侧。nFor the outage of heater, when turbine load drops to a certain value, c

22、ut off heaters according to the numerical order of steam bleeding sequence from HP to LP.nClose the steam admission motor-operated valve of LP heater nStop water side valve.n加热器切断后关闭抽气管道上的阀门。n关闭加热器凝结水疏水管道上的阀门。n若停下加热器检修时，应开启主凝结水管道上的旁路阀门，然后关闭加热器的进口和出口阀门。nAfter cutting off the heater, close the valves

23、on steam bleeding pipe.nClose the valves on condensate drainage pipe of heater.nWhen the heater is stopped for maintenance, open the bypass valve of main condensate pipe, and then close inlet and outlet valve of heater.低加的维护与保养 Maintenance for LP heater n低压加热器运行中的检查与维护n1） 应经常注意低加水位的变化，防止无水位或高水位运行。对筒

24、体为下部法兰连接的低加，更应特别注意防止水位在法兰结合面附近大幅度波动。n2） 定期记录或监视低加的下述仪表指示：nA 水位计水位；nInspection and maintenance during the running of LP heater n1） Notice the water level change of LP heater frequently to avoid running without water level or with high water level. As for the shell of LP heater which connected by lowe

25、r flange, the water level should be paid special attention so as to prevent water level from violent fluctuation near the connection surface of flange. n2） Monitor and record the readings of the following instruments periodically. A.Water level of water level gauge nB 凝结水进、出口温度；nC 抽汽压力、温度、低加内部汽压nD 疏

26、水温度nE 疏水调节阀开度。n3） 应注意监视处于关闭状态的凝结水旁路阀是否泄漏。当发现由于凝结水旁路阀不严而使低加出口水温下降时，应及时消除旁路阀的泄漏。n4） 应注意监视和核对低加的端差（进汽压力下相应的饱和温度与出口水温之差）当端差增大时，应及时分析原因，加以处理。nInlet and outlet temperatures of condensate water nBleed steam pressure and temperature; inner steam pressure of LP heater nDrain water temperature nOpening degree

27、 of drain water control valve nMonitor and check whether the closed condensate bypass valve leaks or not. If the outlet water temperature of LP heater is decreasing because of leakage of condensate bypass valve, the leakage should be stopped immediately. nMonitor and check up the terminal temperatur

28、e difference of LP heater (under pressure of inlet steam, temperature difference of saturated temperature and outlet water temperature). When terminal difference increases, find the reason and solve the problem. n5） 定期检查并试验疏水调节阀、危急疏水阀和抽汽逆止阀、进汽阀的联锁装置。n6） 定期冲洗水位计。检查上下小阀门的通向是否正确，防止出现假水位。n5） Do periodic

29、al inspection and test for drain water control valve, emergency drain valve, bleed steam non-return valve and the interlock device of steam admission valve. n6） Flush water gauge periodically. Check whether the upper/lower flow directions of small valves are correct or not so as to prevent false wat

30、er level.n低压加热器的巡回检查频率n正常运行中，应对高压加热器的水位，汽侧压力、温度，水侧压力、温度，疏水温度、疏水阀的开度等，每1h或2h进行检查并作好记录；其余项目应做不定期检查和维护n低压加热器停运后的维护与保养n1） 在运行中发现低加水位不正常而停用后，可采用向管束注水、汽侧用水或空气打压等办法来判断管束是否泄露，并确定泄露部位。nPatrol inspection frequency for LP heater nDuring normal running, check and record the following parameters once per 1h or 2

31、 hours: water level of HP heater, steam side pressure and temperature, water side pressure and temperature, drain water temperature and opening degree of drain valve, etc. The rest parameters are not necessary for periodical inspection and maintenance. n Maintenance after the shutdown of LP heater n1） During running, if LP heater is stopped due to abnormal water level, judge whether