最新人教版小学英语知识要点总复习讲义

1、小学英语知识要点总复习讲义名词复数规那么1 .一般情况下,直接加-s,如：book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds2 .以 s.x.sh.ch 结尾,加-es,如： bus-buses,box-boxes,peach-peaches, watch-watches3 .以“辅音字母+y结尾,变y为i,再加-es,如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries4 .以f或fe结尾,变f或fe为v,再加-es,但有一个特例：roof Toofs .如： knife-knives leaf-leaves wife-wives th

2、ief-thieves wolf-wolves5 .以o结尾的单词,如果有生命,力口 -es；如果没有生命,力口 -so 如：有生命： potato-potatoes tomato-tomatoes mango-mangoes芒果hero-heroes 英雄Negro- Negroes 黑人没生命：radio-radios piano-pianos photo-photos zoo-zoos6 .不规那么名词的复数变化：一完全不规那么：man-men woman-women policeman-policemen policewoman-policewomen mouse-mice child

3、-childrenfoot-feet tooth-teeth goose-geese二单数复数同形：fish-fish sheep-sheep deer-deerpeople-peopleChinese-Chinese Japanese-Japanese小练习：写出以下各词的复数I him this her watch childphoto diary day footbook dress tooth sheep boxstrawberry leaf potato peach busman woman paper juicewater milk rice tea一般现在时态一般现在时根本用法介

4、绍1 .一般现在时的功能1) .表示事物或人物的特征、状态.如： The sky is blue.天空 是蓝色的.2) .表示经常性或习惯性的动作.如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床.3) .表示客观现实.如： The earth goes around the sun. 地球 绕着太阳转.2 .一般现在时的构成1) .be 动词：主语 +be(am,is,are)+ 其它.如： I am a boy.我是一个男孩.2) .行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它).(1)当主语为第一、第二人称或复数做主语时,谓动是原形. 如： I like English.我喜欢

5、英语.We study English.我们学习英语.(2)当主语为第三人称(he, she,it)或单数时,要在动词后加"-s" 或"-es".如： Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语.3 .一般现在时的变化A、be动词的变化a.肯变否句,有 be 动词 isamarewaswere ,直接在 isamare 动词后加not o注：我I用am,你you用are, is跟着他、她、它,单 数和不可数名次用is,复数用are如：He is not a worker.他不是工人.b.肯变一般疑问句：IsAmare+主语+其它注：IWe变you

6、,you 变Iwe,其他人称不变如：-I am a student. fAre you a student? 注:般疑问句 有肯定和否认答复-Yes , I am./ No,I'm not.c.特殊疑问句：疑问词HowWhatWhereWhenHowmany.+ 一般疑问句注：特殊疑问句直接答复如： Where is my car? It s under the chair.B.行为动词的变化.a.肯变否认句：主语第一、第二人称或复数 + don't +动词原形+其它.如: I don't like bread.当主语为第三人称单数时,要用doesn't构成否认

7、句.如：He doesn't often play computer games.b.肯变一般疑问句：Do Does +主语+动词原形+其它当主语为第一、第二人称或复数时用助动词Do构成一般疑问句.如：- Do you often play football?- Yes, I do. / No, I don't.当主语为第三人称或单数时,要用 Does构成一般疑问句.如：- Does she go to work by bike?- Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.c.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句.如：How does your fa

8、ther go to work?4 .动词第三人称单数加"-s"或"-es"形式的变化规那么1 . 一般情况下,直接力口 -s,如：play-plays, work-works.2 . 以 s. x. sh. ch. o 结尾,力口-es, 如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes,do-does3 .以“辅音字母+y结尾,变y为i,再加-es,如：study-studies.4 .以不发音的e结尾,直接加-s .如：make-makes.5 .特殊词 have-has.一般现在时用法专项练

9、习：一、写出以下动词的第三人称单数drink go stay makelook have pass carrycome watch plant flystudy brush do teachlike二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空.1 .He often(have) dinner at home.2 .Daniel and Tommy(be) in Class One.3 .We(not watch) TV on Monday.4 .Nick(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5 .they(like) the World Cup?6 .What they often(d

10、o) on Saturdays?7 .your parents(read) newspapers every day?8 .The girl(teach) us English on Sundays.9 .She and I(watch) TV together every evening.10 .There(be) some water in the bottle.11 .Mike(like) cooking.12 .They(have) the same hobby.13 .My auntlook after her baby carefully.14 .You alwaysdo your

11、 homework well.15.Ibe ill. I m staying in bed.16.Shego to school from Monday to Friday.17.Liu Taodo not like PE.18.The child oftenwatch TV in the evening.19.Su Hai and Su Yanghave eight lessons this term.20. 一 What daybe it today? It's Saturday. 三、根据要求改写句子1 .Daniel watches TV every evening. 改为否认

12、句1.1 am a teacher.改为一般疑问句,弁作否认答复1.5 he likes milk.改为一般疑问句,作肯定答复4 .Amy likes playing computer games.改为一般疑问句,作否认答复5 .We go to school every morning. 改为否认句6 .He speaks English very well. 改为否认句7 .I like taking pictures on the holiday.对划线局部提问8.John comes from Canada.对划线局部提问9.She is always a good student.

13、改为一般疑问句,作否认答复 10.Simon and Daniel like going skating.改为否认句 四、改错(划出错误的地方,将正确的写在横线上)1. Is your brother speak English?2. Does he likes going fishing?3. He likes play games after class.4. Miss wei teaches us English.5. She don t do her homework on Sundays.现在进行时态1 .现在进行时表示事情现在正在进行或发生的动作,也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶

14、段正在进行的动作.2 .现在进行时的肯定句根本结构由be+动词ing.(即 is amarewaswere+v-ing) .3 .现在进行时的否认句在 be后加not.(即 is amarewaswere+not+v-ing)4 .现在进行时的一般疑问句把 be动词调到句首.(即 Is AmAreWasWere + 主语+v-ing )5 .现在进行时的特殊疑问的根本结构为：疑问词(HowWhatWhereWhenHow many.) + be + 主语 + 动词ing?动词加ing的变化规那么1 . 一般情况下,直接加 ing,如：cook-cooking2 .以不发音的 e 结尾,去 e

15、力口 ing ,如：make-making, taste-tasting3 .单音节词以辅元辅结尾,双写末尾的辅音字母,再加 ing,如: run-running, stop-stopping现在进行时专项练习：一、写出以下动词的现在分词：play run swim makego like write skiread have sing danceput see buy lovelive take come getstop sit begin shop二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：1. The boy( draw)a picture now.2. Listen ! Some girls( s

16、ing)in the classroom .3. My mother( cook )some nice food now.4. What you( do ) now?5. Look ! They( have) an English lesson .6. They(not ,water) the flowers now.7. Look! the girls(dance )in the classroom .8. -What is our mother doing?She(listen ) to music.9. It s 5 o clock now. We(have)supper now 10.

17、Helen(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is . 三、句型转换：1. They are doing housework .(分别改成一般疑问句和否认句 )2. The students are cleaning the classroom .( 改一般疑问句并 作肯定和否认答复)3. I'm playing the football in the playground .(对划线局部进行提问)4. Tom is reading books in his study .( 对划线局部进行提问)一般将来时态一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、方案或准备 做某

18、事.句中一般有以下时间状语： tomorrow, next day(week, month, year ),soon, the day after tomorrow (后天)等.二、根本结构：be going to + do ； will+ do.三、否认句：在 be动词(am, is, are )后加not或情态动词 will 后力口 not成won £例如：I m going to have a picnic this afternoon. I m not going to have a picnic this afternoon.四、一般疑问句：be或will提到句首,some

19、改为any, and改为or,第一二人称互换.例如： We are going to take a trip this weekend. Are you going to take a trip this weekend?五、对划线局部提问.一般情况,一般将来时的对划线局部有三种 情况.1 .问人,用疑问词 Who.例如：'m going to New York tomorrow. 一 Who s going to New York tomorrow ?2 .问干什么.用 What do.例如：My father is going to watch TV this afternoon.

20、 -What is your father going to do this afternoon ?3 .问什么时候.用 When.例如：She s going to go to bed at nine. When is she going to bed?六、同义句： be going to = willI am going to go swimming tomorrow (明天).=I will go swimming tomorrow.将来时态练习：填空.1 .我打算明天和朋友去野炊.I have a picnic with my friends.I have a picnic with

21、my friends.2 .下个星期一你打算去干嘛我想去打篮球.Whatnext Monday?I play basketball.What you do next Monday? I playbasketball.3 .你妈妈这个周末去购物吗是,她要去买一些水果.your mother go shopping this?Yes, she. She buysome fruit.4 .你们打算什么时候去旅行.When you take a trip?5 .Nancy is going to go shopping. (改否认句) Nancy going to go shopping.6.I &#

22、39;ll go swimming with them.(改否认句)I go swimming with them.1.1 m going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.(改般疑问句)to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?8 .We will take a bus to the library.(改一般疑问句)take a bus to the library?9 .She is going to listen to music after school.(对戈U线局部提问)she afterschool?10 .My father and mother

23、 are going to do housework tomorrow.(对划线局部提问)going to do housework tomorrow?用所给词的适当形式填空.11 .Today is a sunny day.We(have) a picnic this afternoon.12 .My brother(go) to Shanghai next week.13 .Tom often(go) to school on foot. But today is rainy. He(go) to school by bike.14 .What do you usually do on w

24、eekends? I usually(watch) TV and(watch) insects?1.1 It s Friday today. What she(do) thisweekend?She(watch) TV and(catch) insects.16 .What(do) you do last Sunday? I(pick) apples on a farm.What you(do) next Sunday? I collectstamps.17 .Mary(visit) her grandparents tomorrow.18 .Liu Tao(fly) kites in the

25、 playground yesterday.19 .David(have) a birthday party next Monday.20.I(plan) for my study now.一般过去时态1. 一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用. 如：yesterday , last weekend Mondayyear.,the day before yesterday 等2. Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：am 和is 在一般过去时中1变为 was.(was not=wasn 't)are 在一般过去时中1变为 were.(were not=were

26、n 't)带有was或were的句子,其否认、疑问的变化和 is, am, are 一样,即否认句在 was或were后加not, 一般疑问句把 was或 were调到句首.3. 句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子否认句：didn't + 动词原形,如： Jim didn t go home yesterday. 一般疑问句：在句首加did,句子中的动词过去式变回原形.如： Did Jim go home yesterday?特殊疑问句：疑问词+did+主语+动词原形如：What did Jim do yesterday?疑问词当主语时：疑问词 +动词过去式如：Who went

27、 home yesterday?动词过去式变化规那么：1 . 般在动词末尾力口 -ed , 如： work-worked, clean-cleaned2 .以不发音e结尾,直接加d,如：taste-tasted3 .末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再力口 -ed ,如：stop-stopped4 .以“辅音字母+y结尾的,变y为i,再加-ed,如：study-studied5 .不规那么动词过去式：(需自己记忆)am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-we

28、nt, come-came,have/has-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote,draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, can-could,shall-should,bring-brought, lose-lost,sleep-slept,find-found,hurt-hurt,keep-kept,leave-left, send

29、-sent,cut-cut,drive-drove,fall-fell,sell-sold,stand-stood, think-thought, sit-sat,let-let,write-wrote,teach-taught,tell-told,一般过去时练习写出以下动词的过去式isam fly plant aredrinkplaygomakedoesdanceworryasktasteeatdrawputthrowkick_ pass_dothinkBe动词的过去时练习(1)一、用动词的适当形式填空1.1 (go)to school yesterday.2 .He(study) Engl

30、ish last weekend.3 .Amy and Luce students two years ago.4 .We (eat) many oranges just now.5 .Yang Ling eleven years old last year.6 .There an apple on the plate yesterday.7 .There some milk in the fridge last Sunday.8 .The phone on the sofa yesterday evening.二、句型转换1. It was exciting.否认句：一般疑问句：肯、否认答复

31、：2. All the students were very excited.否认句：一般疑问句：肯、否认答复：3. They were in the woods.否认句：一般疑问句：肯、否认答复：形容词比较级一、形容词的比较级1、形容词比较级在句子中的运用：两个或两者以上事物或人的比 较用比较级,比较级后面一般带有单词than o比较级前面可以用more, a little来修饰表示程度.than后的人称代词用主格口语中 可用宾格.形容词比较级+than2 .形容词比较级的规那么：一般在词尾加er ；以不发音字母e结尾,加r ；以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾,应双写末尾的辅音字 母,再加e

32、r ；以“辅音字母+y结尾,先把y变i,再加er.3 .不规那么形容词比较级： good-better, beautiful-more beautiful形容词比较级练习：一、写出以下形容词的比较级old young tall longshort strong big smallfat thin heavy funnyearly good beautiful(二卜根据句意填入单词的正确形式：1. My brother is two years(old)than me.2. Tom is (fat) than Jim.3. Is your sister(young) than you? Yes,she is.4. Who is(thin),you or Helen? Helen is.5. Whose pencil-box is(big),yours or hers?6. Mary s hair is (long) than Lucy s.7. My eyes are(big) than(she).人称代词与物主代词一、人称代词人称单数复数士格宾格士格宾格第一人称Imeweus第二人称youyouyouyou第三人称hehimtheythemsheheritit:、物主代词数 人称 类别单数复数第一人称第二人称第三人称第一人称第二人称第三人称形容 词性 物主 代词myyourh