2020-2021学年高一英语译林版必修5单元综合检测 3 Unit 3　Science and nature Word版含解析

1、单元综合检测(三)unit 3science and nature(时间：100分钟；满分：120分).阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)ain 2001, scientists at texas a&m university successfully cloned a cat for the first time, but this copy cat is no mirror image of the original.copy cat (cc) was the first cat ever cloned.in 2001, researchers at texas

2、 a&m university created the clone from the dna of a calico cat(三色猫) named rainbow after a failed attempt at cloning a dog.interestingly, rainbow and copy cat are different in many ways.rainbow's coat is brown, and white, while cc's is gray and white; rainbow is shy, but cc is outgoing an

3、d curious. the differences in the two cats indicate that identical dna won't necessarily create similar appearances or personalities because there are many other factors that contribute to both surface characteristics and temperament(性情)cc has since gone on to have three healthy kittens via the

4、natural method, and the research that led to her creation became the foundation for a california­based pet cloning company called genetic savings & clone, inc.however, the cat cloning project caused criticism from animal welfare groups, which pointed out that millions of cats are killed in

5、shelters each year due to pet overpopulation.they argued that the large sums of money spent on creating more cats could be put to better use providing homes for strays.there are also objections to the cloning process itself.many people consider cloning cruel, as it is a process that can lead to defo

6、rmities and other problems, which is evident in the fact that many clones die within months or even days of creation.much to the delight of animal welfare advocates, after cloning five cats in total, genetic savings & clone shut down in 2006.the reason for the company's close was its inabili

7、ty to make its cloning technology affordable and thus accessible to mainstream consumers.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述的是克隆猫所带来的令人惊讶的结果以及大众对她的看法。1what is the best title of the passage?acloned catsa surprising development on technologybcloned catscloning produces surprising resultsccloned catsa cruel research

8、 in sciencedcloned catsa project caused criticismb标题归纳题。根据文中的主题讲述的是克隆出来的猫在性格和外观上都有所不同，这是比较鲜明的特点，因此文章的标题应该体现这一点，因此选b。2which of the following about cc is true?athe researchers failed in cloning it in 2001.bits fur is brown and white as the calico cat.cit is outgoing and curious as rainbow.dit doesn

9、9;t have similar personalities as rainbow.d细节理解题。根据文中第三段“the differences in the two cats indicate that identical dna won't necessarily create similar appearances or personalities”即可判断答案。3what's the underlined word in the 6th paragraph similar to?acriticism.bwaste of money.cdisability.doverpo

10、pulation.c词义猜测题。根据文中第六段“cruel”，“other problems”和“which is evident in the fact that many clones die within months or even days of creation”可判断许多人认为克隆残酷会造成残疾和许多问题，甚至出现死亡，因此画线词指的是身体上的残疾。4the reason for the company's demise is that cloning is aa waste of moneybcruel sometimescinaccessible to most pe

11、opledaffordable to consumersc细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“.its inability to make its cloning technology affordable and thus accessible to mainstream consumers.”可判断答案。bpeter onruang，a hollywood businessman，has paid $310，000 to clone his best friend wolfie，a lovely dog.he said，“wolfie was more than just a pet to me

12、.” wolfie died two years ago，at the age of 15.but long before she and her sister bubble passed away，onruang had plans to bring them back to life.onruang said，“i buried them at home.each time i visit them，i say，hi，i'm making a new body for you.”finally，onruang found the south korean biotechnology

13、 company rnl bio，which can and will clone animals.onruang collected his dogs' stem cells (干细胞)，and then he started a website my friend a，so he could earn and save the $310，000 that the cloning would cost.the new dogs should look identical (完全相同的) to wolfie and bubble.when the cloning process is

14、done，onruang may end up with several clones of each dog.but onruang admits he's still not sure that they will be exactly the same.scientists cloned the first animal，a sheep named dolly，in 1996 in scotland.that project has raised ethical (伦理的) questions about where science should draw the line.an

15、other question is whether such technique will lead to a day when humans could be cloned.“if i had an opportunity to clone myself，i would do it readily，” onruang said.“because it's me，i'm raising myself.i have already known exactly my strengths and weaknesses.this person is going to be the ne

16、w and improved me，and will live the life i've always wanted to live.”【语篇解读】这篇短文讲的是一位叫peter onruang的人因为他心爱的狗死了，想克隆他的狗的故事。5onruang started the website my friend a in order to aencourage more people to clone their petsbdraw people's attention to cloningccollect his dog's stem cellsdraise mo

17、ney to pay for the cloningd细节理解题。根据第二段“he started a website myfrienda，so he could earn and save the $310，000 that the cloning would cost”可知，他创建这个网站是为了赚31万美金去支付克隆的费用。故选d。6the purpose of the fourth paragraph is to tell us awhen and where scientists cloned the first sheep dollybpeople are in favour of

18、the clone technologycthere are arguments about the clone technologydcloning will be of great benefit to humansc推理判断题。第四段主要讲的是关于克隆羊多莉出生后在社会上引发的关于克隆的一些争议，有人认为这关乎伦理问题。故选c。7what is onruang's attitude towards cloning humans?ahe doesn't care about it.bhe is enthusiastic about it.che strongly oppos

19、es it.dhe never thinks about it.b推理判断题。根据最后一段“if i had an opportunity to clone myself，i would do it readily”可知，onruang的观点是：如果他有机会克隆自己，那么他就会去做。故选b。cevery student wants to learn english well，but how can we learn it well？it's a good topic for english learners.here are some good methods，which can he

20、lp you improve your english quickly.first of all，you must have correct attitude.please love english，not hate it.and you don't feel shy when you say or speak english.remember one sentence：put your face in your pocket.secondly，i think grammar rules，new words and phrases are important，but they are

21、not enough.for example，some people are quite good at grammar and learned a lot of english words and phrases.but they can't speak english when they meet foreign friends.the most effective way to learn english well is often to use english.don't be afraid and don't laugh at others.we'd

22、better listen，speak，read and write more.you can go to english corner，talk with foreigners or talk with your friends.if you have time，listen to the radio or english programme.listening to this good material can help you improve your listening and understanding.and then，you can read english books，news

23、papers or novels.they are wonderful.you can use the internet，chat with netfriends or write e­mails，dairies.through these ways，you can get more for your english.english isn't so difficult that we can't learn it well.as long as we set our mind to learn english well，i'm sure everyone w

24、ill be successful.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。主要介绍一些能快速提高英语水平的方法。8the underlined sentence“put your face in your pocket.”suggests that ayou should love englishbyou should not let others recognize your facecyou should try not to make mistakes when speaking englishdyou should not feel shy when using englishd推理判断题。根据第

25、二段第三句可知，作者建议学英语时不要害羞，要“把面子放进口袋里”。9in the writer's opinion， aenglish learners should not spend time on grammar rules，new words and phrasesblearning grammar rules，new words and phrases is only part of english learningcgrammar rules，new words and phrases are the most important thing for an english

26、learnerdif you are good at grammar，your spoken english will be badb推理判断题。根据第三段第一句可知，学习英语语法、新单词和短语只是英语学习的一部分，但这还不够。10the writer gives the following tips except to ago to english cornerbcommunicate with people in englishctravel in english­speaking countriesdwrite english diariesc细节理解题。作者在第四段主要告诉读

27、者一些学英语的方法。其中提到了参加英语角、与别人用英语交流，用英语写日记等，但未提到去讲英语的国家旅游。11which of the following can be the best title of the passage?ahow to learn english wellbenglish isn't difficultcuse english often in your lifedgrammar learning is not enougha标题归纳题。根据第一段可知，本文主要是告诉读者一些学习英语的建议。dcelebrities(名人)don't choose to

28、become celebrities；they get a part in a movie or television series，and suddenly they are idols(偶像)which people around the world either choose to hate or love for no reason other than the characters they play.the choice to like or hate a celebrity based on their performances is meaningless，as the wri

29、ters are the ones who create the characters，and the directors are the ones who tell them to act in a certain way.although，some people do dislike celebrities for their acting skills shown worldwide which is slightly more understandable but still meaningless.magazines and newspapers hunt celebrities，s

30、earching them out to see what they're doing to arouse the public's interest in their lives.photographers and journalists will walk the streets to find the celebrities people are interested in and either get news from them or make something up based on a photo of them.if a celebrity goes outs

31、ide without makeup(化妆)，the newspapers and magazines will say how unattractive they are and how they must feel horrible to be looking like that.the truth is that all people go outdoors without makeup once in a while，and none of them do it because they feel horrible.the press simply have a way to horr

32、ibly change everything to benefit them.there is another side to the entire situation.some celebrities love to be in the light even outside their television shows or movies.some celebrities give newspapers stories that have happened to them simply to get more attention for their career.these celebrit

33、ies become well­known for their stories，and usually get featured in programmes where they are made fun of by audiences as a result.【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。作者指出公众对名人的态度偏颇，同时也指出了媒体和名人为了达到各自的目的而不惜煽风点火。12what can we learn from the first paragraph?ait's meaningless to love or hate celebrities.bdirectors

34、are more important than writers.cwe should focus on celebrities' acting skills.dthe public pay too much attention to celebrities.a细节理解题。由第一段“the choice to like or hate a celebrity based on their performances is meaningless”及“although，some people do dislike celebrities for their acting skills.but

35、 still meaningless.”可知，作者认为，人们因为名人的表演或演技去爱或恨他们都是没有意义的。13magazines and newspapers hunt celebrities in order to abenefit themselvesbmake fun of celebritiescshow the real life of celebritiesdincrease the public's confidencea细节理解题。由第二段“the press simply have a way to horribly change everything to ben

36、efit them.”可知，媒体对名人进行渲染式报道或抨击，根本目的是为了使自己获利。14what's the author's attitude towards magazines and newspapers' hunting celebrities?aworried.buncaring.copposing.dsupportive.c态度观点题。综合第二段，作者认为媒体大肆报道明星的负面新闻，这是不正常的，因此作者对媒体的这种行为持反对态度。15why do some celebrities tell stories that happened to them?at

37、o make money.bto entertain the public.cto get good roles in shows.dto make themselves famous.d推理判断题。由最后一段“some celebrities give newspapers stories that have happened to them simply to get more attention for their career.”可知，明星故意让媒体报道自己的消息，目的是吸引眼球，让自己出名。.阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)livestock (牲畜) clon

38、ing is the practice of cloning sheep, cattle and other livestock species as a way to improve efficiency.the basic idea behind livestock cloning is to clone animals that have certain qualities, such as cows that produce more milk or meat. 16 however, this practice is very controversial, and livestock

39、 farmers have been hesitant to adopt it fully because of public opposition and certain inefficiencies.in technical terms, livestock are cloned by taking cells from one animal and using them to fertilize eggs (使卵子受精). scientists take the fertilized eggs and put them in female animals. 17 many animals

40、 are born with abnormal shapes.scientists are looking for ways to improve the process and make it less expensive to adopt on a wider scale. 18 for example, if farmers were able to take only their very best animals and recreate them many times, they could potentially be more productive.there are also

41、 some potential problems with cloned livestock. 19 for example, when a disease hits, there are usually individuals who cannot be harmed by the disease or are more resistant, and they will generally survive.if all the animals were genetically (在基因方面)identical or similar, this sort of disease could to

42、tally destroy an entire generation of livestock, leaving the world with a massive food shortage.in addition to concerns about genetic diversity, there are other concerns about cloning. 20 there are also some people who worry that livestock cloning research may be a gateway to introducing human cloni

43、ng, which is widely disapproved of.aare the surviving clones really clones?btherefore, the new species is expected to be better.cthe biggest one arises from a reduction in genetic diversity.dcloned livestock have the potential to provide some major benefits.ecloning animals shows us what might happe

44、n if we try to clone humans.fthese concerns sometimes come from worries over unforeseen consequences.gthis process doesn't always work perfectly, and it can be relatively expensive.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了动物克隆技术。16b根据上一句内容可知，如果能克隆出生产更多奶和肉的牛，那么“这个新品种应该是更好”。17g根据本空后的“many animals are born with abnormal

45、shapes.make it less expensive”可知，目前克隆的“过程不总是完美，而且价格相对来说比较昂贵”。18d根据本空后的内容不难看出，这里是介绍克隆牲畜的“好处”。19c根据本空后内容可知，克隆技术会减少“基因多样性”，所以当拥有同样基因的动物遭受某种致命疾病时，所有的这些动物都会死亡。下段首句中的“genetic diversity”也提示了本题答案。20f本空前的concerns提示了本题答案。.完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)michel simon，who founded the centre for informed food choices in

46、the usa， 21 there are sugary sports drinks that are as unhealthy as cola.“sports drinks were 22 with athletes in mind.these drinks contain salt and sugar，which can be 23 for athletes in many cases. 24 ，most regular people don't need any additional salt， 25 they certainly have no need for liquid(

47、液态的) sugar.these 26 may end up doing more 27 than good for kids doing ordinary exercise.”breakfast cereals(谷类食物)，which are greatly 28 by kids，have also been criticized. 29 they are often high in fiber，some of them contain a lot more sugar and salt than you would 30 in addition，some of the foods we h

48、ave come to know as “healthy snacks” have 31 been added to the black list.although they look and sound nutritious，in most 32 they are much tastier than they are healthy for you. 33 ，some types of dried fruit were 34 to have more fat and sugar than the fruit they were produced from.so next time you 3

49、5 to cut down on junk food，think twice about what you end up eating instead.【语篇解读】本文是议论文。我们都知道垃圾食品对健康的危害，然而有些被标榜为健康的食物其实和垃圾食品一样有害健康。21a.meansbsayscsupposesdimaginesb根据下文引号中michel simon说的内容可知，此处用says。22a.servedbenjoyedcdesigneddorderedc根据sports drinks和athletes之间的关系可知，运动饮料是为运动员“设计(design)”的。23a.useful

50、bterriblecstrongdenougha既然运动饮料是为运动员设计的，因此很多情况下对他们“有益(useful)”。24a.thereforebbesideschoweverdanywayc上一句介绍运动饮料对运动员有益，该空后介绍绝大多数普通人不需要这些额外的盐分或糖分，语意间为转折关系，故填however。25a.butbandcsodbecauseb“绝大多数人不需要任何额外的盐分”和“他们当然也不需要液态的糖分”之间为并列关系，故填and。26a.sportsbneedscsnacksddrinksd解析见下题。27a.harmbwonderscworkdpainsa该段主要围

51、绕运动饮料这一话题展开，再结合上文的观点可知，这些“饮料(drink)”对于平时锻炼的孩子“害处(harm)”大于好处。28a.suggestedblikedcdiscusseddmadeb此处介绍广为孩子们“喜爱(like)”的早餐谷类食物也受到批判。29a.sincebbeforecwhendwhiled“纤维含量高”和“糖、盐的含量超标”之间为转折关系，故填while。30a.allowbaskcexpectdsavec一些早餐谷类食物的糖和盐含量比你“猜想(expect)”的还要高。31a.alsobsooncagaindoncea此处指一些所谓健康的小吃“也(also)”榜上有名，上

52、了不健康食物的黑名单。32a.waysbcasescpartsdplansb根据上半句“although they look and sound nutritious”可知，一些健康零食看起来有营养，但多数“情况(case)”下是美味可口，并不健康。33a.as usualbin shortcat firstdfor exampledsome types of dried fruit是对上文health snacks的“举例(for example)”。34a.preparedbrealizedcfounddsearchedc一些果脯被“发现(find)”含有过多的脂肪和糖分。35a.deci

53、debfailcagreedforgeta根据全文的内容可知，我们都知道垃圾食品有害健康，却忽略了一些所谓的健康食物的害处，因此，下次你“决定(decide)”少吃垃圾食品时，也要想清楚自己最后吃的到底是不是健康的食物。.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)coco 36. (become) a hit since it was released on nov.24, 2017 in china.the story takes place during the day of the dead, when the border controls between life and d

54、eath, and the dead 37. (allow) temporary passage to the land of the living according to mexican tradition.a young boy 38. (name) miguel sticks to his musical dream and accidentally makes the trip to a fantastic world of ghosts and skeletons.although there is 39. murder and a fatal church­bell&#

55、173;related accident, the afterlife in coco is a warm and exciting place, more funny 40. sad，coco is also one of those pixar movies that 41. (attempt) a conceptual breakthrough, an application of the bright colors and open emotionalism of modern, mainstream animation to an unlikely zone of experienc

56、e.it 42. (success) makes a family­friendly cartoon about death.the 43. (important) of family is both specific and universal，44. explains the particular beats of miguel's story and connects him to viewers regardless of background.last but not least, the touching music adds to great fun and tenderness.so personally speaking，coco is really a great an