2018中考反身代词专题训练

1、1初二英语培优补差 一、反身代词的用法一、概念：反身代词又称为自身代词， 表示动作行为反射到行为执行者本身。它还可以在句中起到强调的作用，用以加强语气。、构成:第一人称第二人称第三人称单数myselfyourselfhimself herself itself复数ourselvesyourselvesthemselves三、 用法：1作宾语，指的是宾语和主语表示同一个或同一些的人或事物。如：Maria bought herself a scarf.玛丽亚给自己买了一条围巾。We must look after ourselvesvery well.我们必须好好照顾自己。2作表语，指的是表语和主

2、语表示同一个或同一些人或事物。如: She isn t quite herself today.她今天有点不舒服。3作同位语（1）作主语的同位语。女口： She herself will fly to Lon don tomorrow. 明天她自己将要坐飞机去伦敦。She will fly to London herself tomorrow.（2）作宾语的同位语。I met the writer himself last week. 我上周见到了那位作家本人。四、用在某些固定短语当中。look after on eself=take care of on eself照顾自己teach on

3、eself sth= lear n sth. by on eself 自学 enjoy on eself 玩得高兴，过得愉快help on eself to sth 请自用.（随便吃 /喝些. ）.hurt on eself 摔伤自己say to on eself 自言自语 lose on eself in 沉浸于，陶醉于.之中leave sb. by on eself 把某人单独留下buy on eself sth.给自己买. 东西in troduce on eself 介绍. 自己2温馨提醒：1反身代词不能单独做主语，但可以做主语的同位语，起强调作用。女口：我自己能完成作业。（误） Mys

4、elf can finish my homework. （正）I myself can finish my homework.2反身代词表示“某人自己”，不能表示“某人的东西”，因为它没有所有格的形式。表达 “某人自己的（东西）时，须要用one s own.女口：我用我自己的蜡笔画画。（误）I m drawing with myself crayons.（正） I m drawing with my own crayons五、精题分析：1._ -Who teaches_ En glish? -No on e. I teach.A. you; myself B. your; myselfC. y

5、ou; me答案：A 【解析】代词的用法。考查宾格代词和反身代词的使用。teach + sb. + sth. “教某人某事/物，双宾语；teach oneself “自学”的意思。故选择A。2 -Help_ to some cakes, Jim. -Tha nk you.A. youB. yourC. yourselfD. yourselves答案C【解析】反身代词。Help oneself to 意为 随便吃点 .” Jim 是一个人，应该用yourself.故答案选 C。3. How was your visit to the World Park in Beiji ng? Won der

6、ful! We enjoyed very much.A. itself B. myself C. yourselves D. ourselves答案 D【解析】enjoy oneself 玩的高兴，we 的反身代词是 ourselves 故答案选 D。4. How did your uncle lear n to play the guitar?By _A. myselfB. yourselfC. herselfD. Himself答案：D【解析】反身代词的用法。 by 后加反身代词，表示某人自己的”，主语为your uncle 故用 himself。5. I could look after

7、_ whe n I was five.Really? I can t believe it.A. myselfB. herself C. himselfD. yourself答案：A【解析】考查反身代词的用法。句意：一当我五岁时，我能照顾好我自己。一真的吗？我不相信。look after oneself 照顾某人自己。6. Teen agers should lear n to protect_ from all kinds of dan ger.A. themB. theyC. theirD. themselves答案：D【解析】考查代词辨析。them 意为 他们”，作宾格；they 意为

8、他们”，作主格； their 意为 他们的”，作形容词性物主代词，后面跟名词；themselves 意为 他们自己”，作反身代词。句意为青少年应该学会保护自己免受各种危险。” protectoneself 意为 保护自己”。故选 D。37. Can you cook by_ ? Yes, I can cook wellA. youB. yoursC .yourself答案：C【解析】本题考查代词的用法。by yourself 表示单独地，独自地。根据题意： -你能独自烹饪吗？-是的，我能做得很好。故本题选CO48. Help_ to some fruits. Tha nk you .A. yo

9、urselfB. YourC. You答案：A【解析】反身代词的用法。Help oneself to sth 意为 请随意吃；自便 ”这是招待客人的常用语。句意：请随便吃水果。”谢谢。”。故选 A。9. I Believe I Can Fly is a nice song by R. Kelly. This song tells us that believi ng in is very importa nt.A. themselves B. ourselves C. itself 答案：B【解析】考查反身代词这里告诉我们， 第一人称，是我们相信我们自己10. Nobody teaches m

10、e En glish. I lear n it all by_.A. IB. myC. myselfD. me答案：C【解析】考查反身代词的用法。根据句意：没有教我英语，我自学的。By+反身代词表示某人自己/亲自，主语为 I 所以用 myself。选择。7. Liu Hulan s death was great. She thought more of others than七、精题练习1. Those girls enjoyedin the party last ni ght.A. themB. theyC. themselvesD. herself2. Helpto some fish,

11、 childre n.A. yourselfB.yourC. yoursD. yourselves3. The filmis very fun.A. it sB. itselfC. itD. its4. -Who teachesmath?-teachA. your, myselfB. you, myselfC. you, meD. you, herself5. The father will makea bikeA. her, himselfB. she, himselfC. her, herselfD. she, herself6. The scarf is,she made itA. he

12、rself, herB. herself, hersC. hers, herselfD. her, herseA. herB. sheC. hersD. herself8. Luckily, he didnt hurtterribly yesterday.A. himB. ThemselvesC. himselfD. they10. I like watchi ngin the mirror.5二用所给词的适当形式填空。1. We can to nly think of _ (we) , we should think of others.2. Students should be stric

13、t with _ (they).3. Did the enjoy _ (them) in the party last ?4. Help _ (you) to some vegetables. Jim and Jack.5. The artist _ (he) will come to our school next week.7. The cat in the mirror is _ (it).8. I bought _ (I) a new dictionary the day before yesterday.9. I _ (my) agree with you.10. The littl

14、e boy is only four , he could wash _ (he) and get dressed.二、动词不定式专项练习一、动词不定式作主语1. Its our duty_the room every day.A. to clea n B. clea ned C. clea n D. clea ns2. Its hard for us_En glish well.A. learn B. learns C. to lear n D. learni ng3.建造这座立交桥将花费工人们一年多的时间。It will_ the workers over a year_ the flyo

15、ver.4. Its very nice_ you to get me two tickets_the World Cup.A. for，of B. of,for C. to,for D. of,toKeys 1. A 2. C 3. take to，build 4. B简析动词不定式作主语时，可以直接放在谓语动词前面的主语位置，也可以用先行词it作形式主语，而将真正的主语(不定式)置于后面。A. meB. IC. myD. Myself6常见的句式有：It is +形容词(of sb)to do sth.(2) It is +名词(for sb)to do sth(3) It takes s

16、b some time to do sthIt is +形容词(for sb)to do sth句式(1)中常用nice,kind,clever,good,right,wrong,foolish,careless等形容词，与介词of搭配，这些形容词常表述不定式逻辑主语的属性或性质；句式(4)中常用hard,difficult,easy, important等形容词，与介词for搭配， 表示不定式表示的动作、行为的性质。注意：当不定式作主语的句子中又有一个不定式作表语时，不能用It ist的句型Its for sb和Its of sb. 1) for sb.常用于表示事物的特征特点， 表示客观形

17、式的形 容词， 女口easy,hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等:Its very hard for him to study two Ian guages.对他来说学两门外语是很难的。2) of sb的句型一般用表示人物的性格，品德，表示主观感情或态度的形容词，如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, rightIts very nice of you to help me.你来帮助我，你真是太好了。for与of的辨别方法：用介词后面的代词作主语，用介词前边的形容词作表语， 造个句子。如果道理上通顺用of，不通则用

18、for。如：You are nice.通顺，所以 应用of)。He is hard.人是困难的，不通，因此应用for。)A. It is right to stop killi ng wild ani mals. B.It is the best time to visit USA in summer.C.It is helpful for us to lear n En glish well.二、动词不定式作宾语1. He wants_ some vegetables. A. buy B. buying C. to buy D. buys2. Dont forget_ your homewo

19、rk with you whe n you come to school.A. to bring B. bringing C. to take D. tak ing3. He found it very difficult_. A. sleep ing B. sleepsC. slept D. to fall asleepKeys 1. C 2. A 3. D7简析在want,like,agree, hope,wish,lear n, beg in,start,seem,decide,hate,choose,forget,remember等动词后面，可以接不定式作宾 语。如果其后接形容词补足语

20、时，则可以用it作形式宾语，而把作真正宾语的不 定式放到后面Sb + V + it（形式宾语）+ agj（形容词）+to+ V（宾语）注意无BE动词。三、动词不定式作宾语补足语1. Robert ofte n asks us_his Chin ese, so his Chin ese is much better tha nbefore.A. help him B. to help him with C. to help with D. helps him with2. Mr Li ofte n teaches his Japa nese frie nds_Chin ese food.A. c

21、ook B. cooks C. to cook D. cookedKey:1. B 2. C简析不定式可以用作宾语补足语。后面可以接不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：ask, teach,expect,tell,allow等。四、动词不定式作状语1. She went_ her teacher. A. to see B. looks C. saw D. see ing2. Meimei likes En glish very much. She does her best_ En glish well.A. learn B. learni ng C. to lear n D. learnsKey 1

22、. A 2. C简析go, come,try,do / try ones best等动词或短语动词作谓语时，其 后常常可以接不定式作目的状语。3. Im sorry_ that. A. hears B. heari ng C. hear D. to hear4. Im sorry_ you. A. trouble B. to trouble C. troubli ng D. troubled5. My mother was very glad_ her old frie nd.A. to meet B. meet C. met D. meetsKeys 3. D 4. B 5. A8简析be

23、+形容词+ to do sth结构中的不定式作状语，常表示原因或方式6. The panda is so large that it cant go through the hole.同义句)The hole_ such a large panda to go through.7. The ice on the lake was so thi n that people could nt skate on it.同义句)The ice on the lake was nt_ eno ugh_people_ .Keys 6. is，too，small，for 7. thick，for，to，sk

24、ate,on简析在上述to +形容词/副词(for sb)to do(太.而不能.和enough (for sb)todo(足以、足够做 结构中，不定式作结果状语。sosuch that 如此 以致.的用法及与其它句型的互换 .A. SbSth +be V+so + adjadv(aan+adj+n)+that +cantcouldnt.= SbSth +be V+ too+adjadv(for+SbSth)+to+V. 如此.以致.=太而.不能.B. so that to =in order to+V 动词 that+ 从句 .为了 以便于.C. SbSth +be+so + adj 形容词

25、+ a an +n V +adv 副词(so +littlemanymuch. such +aan+adj +n 名形容词 + 名词)+that+ canould =.SbSth +be V+adjadv +enough 足够的 + to+V.如此.以致 于.=.足够 干女口：他太年轻了而不能去上学。A. He is too young to go to school.B. He is so young that he cant go to schoolC.He is nt old eghoitD go to school.D. He is so a young boy that he can

26、t go to school()1、The water is_ dirty_ the animals cant drink it.A. too . to B.so. that C. such ,that D. nt ,e no ugh to()2、The computer cost_much money_I cant afford to buyA.too . to B.so. that C. such ,that D. nt ,e no ugh toKey B。因money前有much所以不能用such五、动词不定式作定语1. Would you like somethi ng_ ? A. d

27、rink B. drinking C. to drink D. drinks2. I have a lot of homework_. A. do B. doing C. did D. to do93. He is not an easy man_ . A. get on B. to get on C. get on with D. to get onwith.Key:1. C 2. D 3. D简析不定式作定语时，常放在被修饰的词语之后，与被修饰的词语为逻辑上的主谓关系或动宾关系；如果不定式的动词是不及物动词， 其后要加上必要的介词或副词，构成的短语动词相当于及物动词。六、不带to的动词不定式1. We saw him_ the build