高中名词练习题及答案详解

1、高中名词练习题及答案详解一、单项选择名词1. Most of his works didn ' t gain the international they deserved until his death.A. reputationB. impressionC. recognitionD. measure【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：直到他去世，他的大部分作品都没有得到应有的国际认可。A.reputation 名誉，名声； B. impression 象； C. recognition 承认，识另1J;D. measure 硬U量。结合句意故选C。2. As for

2、 your about the shoes, sir, I will speak to the person in charge and ask himeither to give you another pair or to give your money back.A. composition B . compromise C. complaint D . concept【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查名词。 A. composition 作文； B. compromise 妥协； C. complaint 抱怨； D. concept 概念。句意：先生，关于你对这双鞋的投诉，我会和负责的人

3、谈谈，让他要么给你另一双鞋，要么把钱还给你。complaint aboutK抱怨"，故选 C3. Hisconflicted with that of the other witnesses and yet his story had, for me, the ring oftruth.A. expectation B. instructionC. response D. account【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：他的叙述与其他目击者讲的有矛盾。然而在我看来，他所说的有可 能是真的。 A. expectation 期望； B. instruction 指示； C.

4、response 回应;D. account 陈述。 由"yet his story可知，"account符合句意。故 D选项正确。4. The girl received no approval of his family as her marriage with an African boy was regarded as a from tradition.A. violation B. departureC. withdrawal D . separation【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词的词义辨析。A. violation违反，妨碍；B. departure离开

5、，出发；C. withdrawal撤退，收回；D. separation分离，分开。句意：这个女孩没有得到家人的认可因为她与非洲 人的婚姻被认为是背离传统的。结合句意可知答案为Bo5.attention to surrounding traffic is a(n) to accidents.A. Drivers not paying; invitationB. Drivers ' not paying; invitationC. Drivers not paying; causeD. Drivers ' not paying; cause【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动名词和名

6、词。句意：司机不注意周围的交通会引起事故。此处是动名词的否定形式作主语，且逻辑主语是名词所有格形式，所以第一个空应填Drivers ' not paying第二个空，an invitation to 二'的一个邀请“，结合句意此空填invitation o故选B。6. With the help of the English teacher, he has made _in his English writing.A. a great progressB. much progressC. little progressD. many progresses【答案】B【解析】【详解

7、】考查不可数名词。句意：在英语老师的帮助下，他的英语写作取得了很大的进步。此处 progress进步”，是不可数名词，所以 A/D不正确，再结合句意可知B项符合题意。7. The broken window was the that the house had been broken into.A. evidence B. expressionC. scenery D. function【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查名词。A. evidence 证据； B. expression表达； C. scenery风景； D. function 功能。句意：弄坏的窗户是这所房子被破门而入的证据。故选A

8、o8. It can ' t be a(n)that four jewelry stores were robbed in one night.A. coincidenceB. accidentC. incidentD. chance【答案】B【解析】词义辨析。A.巧合；一致B.事故；意外C事件；事变D.机会。句意：四家珠宝商店在一夜之间被抢劫不会是一起事故。含有意外的意思，故选Bo9 Please read the on the bottle and take the right amount of medicine.A explanationsB instructionsC des

9、criptionsD introductions【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：请阅读瓶子上的说明，并服用适量的药物。A. explanations 解释； B.instructions 说明； C. descriptions 描述； D. introductions 介绍。由“ take the right amount ofmedicine. 可知，应该按照瓶子上的说明服用适量的药物。所以 ”instructions 说明 “ ”符合句意。故 B 选项正确。10 The organization was founded for the of poor children.A b

10、enefitB interestC advantageD value【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个组织是为了贫困儿童的利益而建立的。A. benefit 好处；利益；B. interest兴趣；爱好；C. advantage优势；D. value价值。根据句意故选A。11 - Do you agree friends you spend time with will change your life in one way or another?- Couldn't agree more. Hopefully our students can show great

11、 in their choices offriends.A accommodationB discriminationC reputationD distinction【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意： 你同意和你在一起的朋友会以这样或那样的方式改变你的生活吗？ 完全同意，希望我们的学生在选择朋友方面表现出很强的鉴别能力。A.accommodation 住处； B. discrimination 鉴别力；C. reputation 名誉； D. distinction 区别。根据"their choices of friends可知此处表示 鉴别力”，故B项正确。12

12、 That party has been in for many years and it has showed its in dealingwith many important problems.A power； energyB power； strengthsC force； energyD force； strengths【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：那个政党已经执政很多年了，并且在处理许多重要问题上显现出了它的优势。in power 意为 “执政、当权”，故排除C.D。 energy 意为 “能量 ”， strengths 意为“优势 ”。根据翻译可知B 项正确。13

13、 The knowledge and skills the trainees have learned can help them make a clear between what is right and wrong.A distanceB distinctionC donationD defense【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词。A. distance 距离； B. distinction 区别，差别；C. donation 捐款； D. defense 防卫，防护。句意：受训者所学到的知识和技能可以帮助他们区分对错。故选B。14 Some people experience shy

14、ness as a to communication, but this can be brokendown gradually.A conflict B taboo C barrier D delay【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：有些人觉得羞怯成为交际上的障碍,但这是可以逐渐克服的。分析选项：conflict冲突，矛盾；taboo禁忌；barrier屏障；障碍；delay耽搁；延迟。可知 C符合题 意，故选C。15 Teachers have to constantly update their knowledge in order to maintain their pro

15、fessionalA consequenceB independenceC competenceD intelligence【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：老师们要不断地更新自己的知识以保持他们能够胜任工作的能力。 A. consequence 结果； B. independence 独立； C. competence 资格，能力，胜任，称 职；D. intelligence智力。根据句意，C项符合此处语境。故选 C。16 Students and teachers gather together for a morning each Monday toattend the

16、ceremony of raising the national flag.A inspection B inscriptionC assembly D commitment【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：每周一，学生和老师们齐聚一堂，参加升旗仪式。A. inspection 检查；B. inscription 题词；C. assembly 集合；D. commitment 承诺，根据题意，故选C。17 New continue to use ancient methods of agriculture to maintain the terraces.A charactersB

17、 generationsC insectsD tourists【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：新一代人继续使用古老的农业方法来维持梯田。A. characters 特点； B.generations 一代人；C.insects昆虫；D. tourists游客。分析句子可知，新一代人继续使用古 老的农业方法来维持梯田。故选B。18 The suspect was declared innocent forof convincing evidence.A lack B absence C confusion D unawareness【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查名词辨析及固定搭配。A.

18、 lack缺乏；B. absence缺席，缺勤；C. confusion混淆，困惑；D. unawareness无意识。此句是指嫌疑犯因缺乏(for lack of)令人信服的证据而被宣布无罪"。for lack of为固定搭配，意为因而没有，因缺乏 ：分析语境可知，此处选A。19 Olympic athletes bring joy to people across the world with theirto push theboundaries of human achievement.A intelligenceB influencesC impressionD attemp

19、ts【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：奥运健儿们努力突破人类成就的极限，为全世界人民带来了欢乐。A.intelligence 智力，理解力；B. influences 影响； C. impression 印象，效果；D. attempts 企图，试图。结合句意可知D 项符合语境。20 It makes no to me whether he will go to the city or not. Anyhow, I will go.A thingB differenceC matterD affair【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他去不去城里对我来说没什么影响。不管

20、怎样，我都会去。A. thing 事物； B. difference 不同； C. matter 事情，问题；D. affair 事件，事务。make no difference to对无影响，符合句意，故选 B。21 We felt it would be a good experience for our children to grow up seeing other cultures and learning to love others as a(n) .A companyB reminderC equalD hero【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们认为，让孩子

21、在成长的过程中接触到其他文化并学会平等地爱别人是很好的体验。A. company 公司； B. reminder 提醒； C. equal 同等的人，相等物；D. hero英雄。as an equal相当于equally,修饰love others,意为 平等地爱别人”，故 选C。22 Lao Gan Ma is the best chilli sauce in China. The company built up itsby constantlyproviding high-quality products at a relatively low price.A reputationB c

22、ampaignC appetiteD occupation【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：老干妈是中国最好的辣椒酱。该公司通过不断以较低的价格提供高质量的产品而建立了自己的声誉。A. reputation 名誉； B. campaign 运动； C. appetite 胃口； D. occupation 职业，占有。由“ by constantly providing high-quality products at a relativelylow price 可知， ” reputa tion 名誉“ ”符合句意。故选A。23 The self-driving smart

23、bus is already operating in 10 cities across China, with the latestin Shanghai in August.A explorationB exclusionC expansionD explosion【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：自动驾驶智能巴士已经在中国10 个城市投入运营，最新的一次扩展是今年 8月在上海。A. exploration探索，勘探；B. exclusion排外；C. expansion扩大，扩展； D. explosion 爆炸。根据句意及选项，此处是说自动驾驶智能巴士最新一次投入使用是

24、在上海。故选C。24 -What's new?-The upcoming 40-day Spring Festival travel , also known as chunyun, will _ on Jan 10and end on Feb 18.A dash; kick outB rush; kick offC flow; kick inD jam; kick up【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析和动词短语词义辨析。句意：-有什么新消息？-即将到来的40 天的春运高峰期，又称春运，将于1 月 10 日拉开序幕，2 月 18 日结束。A. dash 破折号 ; kick

25、out撵 走； B. rush 高 峰 期 ； kick off 开 始； C. flow 流 动 ; kick in 药 物 开 始 起 作 用； D. jam 拥 挤 ; kick up 出 故 障。由 “ The upcoming 40-day Spring Festival 可知，第一个空在说春运高峰 ”期。由 “ end on Feb 18可知，第二个空在说春运的开始时间。 ”end 与 kick off 开始 “ ”相对应。故选 B 项。25 In spite of being in great , the three injured football players manage

26、d to score agoal playing as a team.A painB additionC controlD charge【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管非常痛苦，这三名受伤的足球运动员努力为团队进球得分。 A. pain 痛苦； B. addition 增加； C. control 控制； D. charge 充电。根据后句“ the threeinjured football players可知三名运动员受伤，结合语境可知A项pain痛苦”切合题意。故选 A 项。26 Whatever we do, we will make it. As long as

27、 we take the we should have toachieve our goal.A sympathyB techniqueC passionD patience【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：不管我们做什么，我们都会成功的。只要我们有激情，我们就应能实现我们的目标。A. sympathy 同情； B. technique 技巧； C. passion 激情； D. patience耐心。根据“ we should have to achieve our goal. 可知此处强调 ” “拥有实现目标的激情”，故 C项正确。27 Tony put on soft music and turned down the lights in order to give a more relaxed athome.A viewB attitudeC styleD atmosphere【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：托尼放了柔和的音乐，把灯调暗，以便使家里的气氛更轻松。A. view 视野，风景；B. attitude 态度； C. style 风格； D. atmosphere 气氛。根据语