高一英语语法--名词性从句

1、高一英语语法名词性从句学案复习:1. 从句:引导词+ 句子主句+从句=复合句(两个谓语所有从句都用陈述句语序2. 定语从句:先行词(名词、代词+从句引导词:(who whom that(主宾表 whose (which that as whose (when where why =prep+whichwhom定语从句中无what ; 定语从句中所有引导词都做句子成分;定从中谓语动词的单复数由先行词决定的。3. 定语从句adj从句(主语,宾语,表语,同位语名词性从句(时间,地点,原因,条件,方式,目的,结果,比较,让步-状语从句从句;一、概述:名词性从句包括:宾语从句、表语从句、主语从句和同位语

2、从句。语序为陈述语序。主语从句在句中做- _ That he will come is true.宾语从句在句中做-_ I know that he will come.表语从句在句中做-_ The news is that he will come.同位语从句在句中做-_ The news that she will come surprised us.二.引导词:1从属连词that只引导,本身无意义,仅起引导作用,that +完整的陈述句。(引导宾语从句时可省,但是如果是并列的多个宾语从句,只能省第一个He said (that he had finished reading this n

3、ovel and that he would borrow another one.2连接代词who, whom, what=all that, which哪一个, whoever=anyone who, whomever whatever=anything which , whichever等,有意义,作成分Whoever comes is welcome. Which football team will win the match is hard to say.3连接副词where, when, how, why wherever whenever however 等,有意义,在句中作状

4、语When we will go there hasnt been decided.4从属连词if, whether(是否Whether he will go there is not known.引导主语从句和同位语从句,表语从句的引导词不可省略。That he was chosen president made us very happy. We heard the news that our team had won first prizeMy suggestion is that we should set off early.三、分类讲解:A. 宾语从句:1.vt+宾从prep+宾从

5、 be+adj(be sure、 be afraid that be aware that be glad thatgivetellaskbuyshow sb sth , explainannounce to sb sth , share with sb sth2. 宾从中的时态和语序时态:主句为过去式,从句为过去的某种时态。(客观真理时,从句用一般现在时He said that he came from Beijing. Mr Wang told us that the earth is round.I dont care about whether he will come. Do you

6、 know what is the matter?3.注意:宾语从句中的连接词that在以下三种情况下不能省略:(1当有多个that引导的并列宾从,只有第一个that可省,其他的that不能省;He said(thathe was from London and that he was a doctor.(2当that从句作介词宾语时,that不可省掉。The reason lies in that she works harder than before.4.用it做形式宾语的宾语从句形式宾语make /find/ feel / consider / think it + adj / n +

7、 thatI think it necessary that we have the meeting.We make it a rule that we shall get up at 5:00.it 指代后面从句所叙述的内容, 常用于这些表示心理活动的动词后,appreciate it if depend、rely、count on it that see to it thatlike/dislike/love/h ate it whenYou may depend on it that your parents will help you whenever you need itI lik

8、e it in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.I would appreciate it if you could help me.I hate it when people laugh at the disabledYou must see to it that every door is closed.5. 引导宾语从句表示“是否”时,只用whether 不用if 的情况:主语从句Whether he will come hasnt been known.、表语从句the question is whether he wil

9、l come、同位语从句there is some doubt whether he will come。宾语从句介词+whether whether to do whether or not连在一起 I doubt ifwhether2. Were worried about _ he is safe.3. I dont know _ or not he is well.4. I dont know _ to go.B.表语从句:放在系动词半系动词之后,引导词一般不省略。引导词有:that whether who whom whose what which when where why ho

10、w as if as though It looks as if it is going to rain. This is where Lu Xun once lived.This is why she got up so early this morning China is no longer what it used to beIt remains to be seen whether he will pass the exam. C.主语从句:一般在句首,主语较长时通常放在后面,主语用it 代替,称为形式主语。引导词有:that whether who whom whose what

11、which when where why how引导词不可省略。(whether that 不做成分,其余的做成分。 2. When he will come is unknown .3. What surprised me was his words.4. Whether he will come hasnt been known. (不能换为if注意:主语从句有时用“it”作形式主语,把真正的主语放在后面,以避免头重脚轻。It is necessary / important / obvious that有必要/ 很重要/ 显然-It is known/ believed/ said/ r

12、eported that人们知道/ 相信/ 据说/ 据报道-主语从句难点:whatever, whichever, whoever, wherever 等代词引导的主语从句(可以高二讲Whoever breaks the law should be punished. 违背法律的人将受到惩罚。= Anyone who breaks the law will be punished.Whatever he said at the meeting encouraged us. 他在会上说的每句话都鼓励了我们。= Anything that he said at the meeting encour

13、age us.句式转换:1. _is reported that we can take part in the sports meeting. (It2. _ is reported is that we can take part in the sports meeting.(what3. _ is reported, we can take part in the sports meeting.(AsD. 同位语从句:在句中用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句。同位语从句一般放在如idea, news, fact, promise, suggestion, belief, truth等含有丰富

14、内涵的词语后面,用来说明前面那个词的具体内容。一般说来,同位语从句多用that来作连接词,而且不能省略。也可用how, when, where等。He gave her a promise that he would come back after two months.The news that Tom won the match is true.Do you know the fact that he stole the car?注意区分:1. 如果是定语从句,关系词肯定在句中充当成分的;而同位语从句中的that只起连接作用。2. 定语从句是对先行词起修饰作用,而同位语从句则解释说明先行词

15、的具体内容。The news that she passed the exam excited her parents .同位语从句The news that we know from her excited all of us . 定语从句名词从句中的虚拟问题:(谓语用should+动词原形,should 一般可以省略1主语从句中的虚拟:在表示建议、命令、请求、的名词后的主语从句或者it is adjIt is + advisedsuggestedordered requested + that 或者It is +strange, necessary. important, natural等

16、。It is necessary that we should study hard.It is important that a student should learn English well.2表语从句中的虚拟:在表示建议、命令、请求、的名词后的表语从句,常见的词有advice,suggestion,order, proposal,request, plan,idea,demand等1.My suggestion is that we (shouldstart early tomorrow.2.Their plan is that they should build a new fac

17、tory in their hometown.3 宾语从句中的虚拟语气:在表示建议、命令、请求、的动词后的宾语从句,常见词有:advise, suggest, request, order, command,insist等。He insisted that we should study hard.Our teacher ordered that we should finish our homework on time.4 同位语中的虚拟语气:在表示建议、命令、请求、的名词后的同位语从句,常见词有:advice, suggestion, request, order, command,等。D

18、o you know his suggestion that we should get there on time?He has a request that we should start at once.从句辨析:What I want to do is taking a bath. (主语从句The news that they won the game spread the whole school.(同位语从句I dont think he is an honest boy.(宾语从句The fact is that he stole the car.(表语从句Do you kno

19、w the fact that he stole the car?(同位语从句Do you know the man who is standing over there?(定语从句It is said that they won the game.(主语从句注意考点:1.连接词that 与what 的区别that 只起连接作用,无意义,在从句中不充当任何成分what 既有连接作用,又要在从句中作成分(主语,宾语,表语What we cant get seems better than what we have . After what seemed a long time, he came

20、back.That (a new teacher will come to our school is true .2.what (什么 / which ( 表选择, 哪一个,有范围-Do you know_what_Mr Blacks address is ?-He may live at No. 18 or No. 19 of Bridge Street. Im not sure of which.There are so many kinds of mobile phones on sale th at I cant make up my mind which to buy.3.在名词性

21、从句中,除了关联词要提到句首之外,一律要用陈述句语序He asked how much I paid for the violin The photographs will show you what our village looks like.Can you explain what it was that made you sad.特殊疑问词+ do you think/suggest/believe/suppose + 陈述语序When do you think Mary will come here. Whatever do you consider worried her.经典练习

22、:1. Thats _ the Party called on us to do. A. why B. what C. how D. that2. The reason is _ he is unable to operate the machine. A. because B. why C. that D. Whether3 .That is _ they separated. A. that B. what C. which D. where4.Jane is no longer _ she was four years ago. A. what B. which C. that D. w

23、hen5.The reason _ I have to go is_ my mother is ill in bed.A. why ; whyB. why ; becauseC. why ; thatD. that ; because6.Air is to us _ water is to fish. A. is that B. what C. which D. that7. -Dad, can you give me some advice?-Why not try your luck downtown, Bob? Thats _ the best jobs are.A. whereB. w

24、hatC. whenD. why8. -Are you still t hinking about yesterdays game?-Oh, thats _.A. what makes me feel excitedB. whatever I feel excited aboutC. how I feel about itD. when I feel excited9. You are saying that our teachers treat everyone equally, and this is _ I disagree.A. howB. whatC. whereD. why10.

25、That is_ my grandfather was born and grew up. A. there B. in which C. where D. the place11. I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. -Is that _ you had a few days off?A. whyB. whenC. whatD. where12. _ she couldnt understand was _fewer and fewer s tudents showed interest in her lessons.A. That;

26、whatB. What; whyC. What; becauseD. Why; that13. What the doctors really doubt is _my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.A. whenB. howC. whetherD. why14. One advantage of playing the guitar is _it can give you a great deal of pleasure.A. howB. whyC. thatD. when15.Sometimes we are asked

27、 _ we think the likely result of an action will be.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. whether16. They have not made any decision on _ they are going to do to deal with the waste and control pollution.A. thatB. whichC. ifD. what17. This old computer must have been of great use to _ did the scientific research.

28、A. thoseB. whenC. whoeverD. whomever18. He wanted to make sure _.A. how we went there by busB. where did we goC. what did we go thereD. when we went there19. _ finishes the work in an hour will get the award. A. whoever. B. who. C. no matter who. D. whom.20. it is strange _ he passed the exam easily

29、. A. that. B. what. C. when. D. where.21. It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning grey. A.while B.that C.if D.for22. made me proud was that my son was admitted to a key universityA.WhatB.it.C.ThatD. whatever23.To get the job started, _ I need is some money. A. only what B. all what C. all that D

30、. only that24._ he passed the exam is not known yet. A. Whenever B. If C. Whether D. That25._ you dont like him is none of my business. A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether26._ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising. A. Who B. The oneC. Anyone D. Whoever27._ all the inventions have in c

31、ommon is _they have succeeded.A. What; whatB. That; thatC. What; that D That; what28._ they won the game was _ we had expected.A. That; whichB. Whether; thatC. What; thatD. That; what29. _ beat Xiao Wang black and blue is not known. A. Whom B. Whoever C. Who D. What30. _ is not known yet.A. When she

32、 has goneB. Where she has goneC. How did she leaveD. Why did she go31. _ wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way. A. Anyone B. The one C. Whoever D. Who32.It has been proved _ eating vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against serious illnesses in later life.A. ifB. becauseC. when

33、D. that1-5 BCDAC 6-10 BAABC 11-14 ABCCB 15-20 DCDAA21-30 BACCC DCDCB 31-32 C D高一英语名词性从句练习1. _makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination. A. That B. What C. Who D. Which2.Experts believe _ people can waste less food by shopping when it is necessary. A. why B. where C.that D. what3.Do

34、 not let any failures discourage you, for you can never tell _close you may be to victory.A. howB. thatC. whichD. where4.Its good to know_ the dogs will be well cared for while were away. A. what B. whose C.which D. that5.It remains to be seen the newly formed committees policy can be put into pract

35、ice.A. thatB. WhichC. whatD. whether6._ you said at the meeting describes a bright future for the company. A. When B. How C. What D. That7. I want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents. A. That B. Which C. Whether D. What8.Police have found appears to be the lost ancient sta

36、tue. A. Which B. where C. how D. what9.The only way to succeed is to have total belief _ you are better than anyone else on the sports field.A. howB. thatC. whichD. whether10._struck me most in the movie was the fathers deep love for his son. A. That B. It C. What D. Which11.From space, the earth lo

37、oks blue. This is _about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water.A. whyB. howC. becauseD. whether12.It is by no means clear the president can do to end the strike. A. how B. which C. that D. what13.Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt _ he could have expressed it different

38、ly.A. whyB. howC. thatD. whether14. We promise _ attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.A. whoB. whomC. whoeverD. whomever15.As many as five courses are provided, and you are free to choose _ suits you best.A. whateverB. whicheverC. wheneverD. wherever16.It doesnt matte

39、r _ you pay by cash or credit card in this store. A. how B. whether C. what D. why17. Everyone in the village is very friendly. It doesnt matter _ you have lived there for a short or a long time.A. whyB. howC. whetherD. when18.It doesnt matter _ you turn right or left at the crossing。A. whether B. h

40、ow C. if D. when19.It suddenly occurred to him _ he had left his keys in the office. A. whether B. where C. which D. that20. The newcomer went to the library the other day and searched for _ he could find about Mark Twain.A. whereverB. howeverC. whateverD. whichever21.I made a promise to myself _ th

41、is year, my first year in high school, would be different.A. whetherB. whatC. thatD. how22. The notice came around two in the afternoon _ the meeting would be postponed.A. whenB. thatC. whetherD. how23._ Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness. A. Which B. What C. That D. Whom24.There is clear evidence _ the most difficult feeling of all to interpret is bodily pain.A. whatB. ifC. howD. tha25. H es more of a