定语从句 The Attributive Clause

1、 The Attributive Clause(The relative pronouns)Part1:How useful the relative pronouns are!The one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, went to bed as usual that night.1 The one million people of the city went to bed as usual that night.2 The one million people of the city t

2、hought little of these events.A huge crack that was eight kilometres long and thirty metres wide cut across houses, roads and canals.1 A huge crack cut across houses, roads and canals.2 A huge crack was eight kilometres long and thirty metres wide.The number of people who were killed or injured reac

3、hed more than 400, 000.1 The number of people reached more than 400, 000.2 Those people were killed or injured. The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.1 The army organized teams to dig out people and to bury the dead.2 Those people were trapped. Part2:What ar

4、e they?1.被定语从句修饰的词叫被定语从句修饰的词叫_2. 先行词是先行词是_词或词或_词词先行词先行词名名代代3. 处在先行词和定从间的是处在先行词和定从间的是_ 。 关系代词或关系副词关系代词或关系副词4. 关系词的三重作用：关系词的三重作用：1）连接主从句）连接主从句2）指代先行词）指代先行词 （指人、物、事）（指人、物、事）3）在从句中作句子成分）在从句中作句子成分 （主语、宾语、（主语、宾语、定语、状语）定语、状语）5. 选择关系词的原则选择关系词的原则_缺啥补啥缺啥补啥 1. Is this the shop _ sells childrens clothing? 2. Is

5、 this the biggest shop_ sells childrens clothing? 3. Is this shop _ sells childrens clothing? 4. -Where did you buy this hat? -It is in the shop _ sells childrens clothing _ I got this hat. that/ which the one that that that that/ which 1. Ill never forget the days _we spent together. 2. Ill never f

6、orget the days _we worked together. 3. Ill never forget the day _ we met for the first time. 只用that的几种情况 1. All that glitters is not gold. 2. This is the very person that I am looking for. 3. The book is the best / the first that I have read. 4. I will talk about the country and people I have visite

7、d. 5. Have you any books that are worth reading? 6. Who is the man that is talking with you? 7. Our school is not the one that it used to be. 先行词为不定代词：先行词为不定代词：anything, all, much但但anyone who不用that的情况 1. 非限制定从 2. 介词+ 关系词非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句Non-restrictive clauses Jim doesnt like to ask questions which m

8、ake his teacher angry. Jim doesnt like to ask questions, which makes his teacher angry.Jim Jim 不喜欢问使老师生气的问题不喜欢问使老师生气的问题Jim Jim 不喜欢问问题，这让老师很生气。不喜欢问问题，这让老师很生气。翻译下列句子翻译下列句子Her father who was once a soldier always encourages her to go to college.她曾当过兵的爸爸总是鼓励她上大学。她曾当过兵的爸爸总是鼓励她上大学。Her father, who was once

9、 a soldier, always encourages her to go to college.她爸爸曾当过兵，他总是鼓励她上大学。她爸爸曾当过兵，他总是鼓励她上大学。1.Uncle Bird, _ performed the Gangnam Style, hit the world overnight.2.I, _ am a Chinese ,will do my best for our country. 3.Shanghai, _ the World Expo was held in 2010, is the biggest city in China.4.My father, _

10、 works in Beijing, came back yesterday.5.The sun , _ is unique, keeps us warm.whowhowherewhowhich3. _用来指人或物用来指人或物,在从句中只作定语。在从句中只作定语。whose请递给我那本绿皮的书。请递给我那本绿皮的书。玛丽就是那位母亲是医生的女孩玛丽就是那位母亲是医生的女孩Please pass me the book whose cover is green. Please pass me the book of which the cover is green. / the book the

11、 cover of which is green. Mary is the girl whose mother is a doctor.若指物，它还可以同若指物，它还可以同of which互换。互换。Mary is the girl of whom the mother is a doctor.若指人，它还可以同若指人，它还可以同of whom互换。互换。Situation 41.Her sister has become a lawyer, _ she wanted to be. which可指人的职业、身份、职务等。可指人的职业、身份、职务等。2.She talked like a nat

12、ive, _ she hardly was.whichwhichThe boss _ department Mr. King worked came to see him.in whose1.他可能忙，如若如此，我以后再来拜访。他可能忙，如若如此，我以后再来拜访。 He may be busy, in which case Ill call later. 2.卓别林卓别林1910年去了美国，那时他已学会跳舞和演年去了美国，那时他已学会跳舞和演喜剧了。喜剧了。Chaplin went to the states in 1910，by which time he had learnt to dan

13、ce and act in comedies3.他们和我在一起呆了两个星期他们和我在一起呆了两个星期,在此期间他们把在此期间他们把我所有的啤酒喝完了。我所有的啤酒喝完了。They stayed with me for two weeks, during which time they drank all the beer I had.which在名词前起到限定词在名词前起到限定词this/ that的作用的作用What are the differences? A .They stayed with me for two weeks, during which time they drank

14、all the beer I had. B .Ill never forget the days when / in which we worked together. 1) A 为非限制性定从；为非限制性定从；B为限制性定从为限制性定从 2）A的先行词为的先行词为two weeks, B 为为days 1. The time （when I first met Nelson Mandela ）was a very difficult period of my life. 第一次见到曼德拉的时候，是我一生中非常艰难的时期。 2. Mandela was the black lawyer （to

15、 whom I went for advice.） 曼德拉是我寻求帮助的一位黑人律师。 3. He was generous with his time, （for which I was grateful）. 他十分慷慨地给予我时间，我为此非常感激。 4. The school （where/ in which I studied for only two years ）was three kilometers away. 我仅仅在那里读了两年的学校有三公里远。 5. This was a time (when one had got to have a passbook to live i

16、n Johannesburg). 在那个时候，你要想住在约翰内斯堡就非得要有身份证不可。 6.The day( when Mandela helped me )was one of my happiest. 曼德拉给予我帮助的那一天是我一生中最高兴地日子。 7.The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress, until today we have reached a stage （where we have almost no rights at all.

17、） 过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺我们的权力，阻挡我们的进步，一直到今天，我们还处在几乎什么权力都没有的阶段。 8.We were put into a position （in which we had either to accept we were less important, or fight the government.） 我们被置于这样一个境地：要么我们被迫接受低人一等的现实，要么跟政府作斗争。 9. We first broke the law in a way （which was peaceful。） 首先我们用和平的方式来破坏法律。Which are the attr

18、ibutive clauses? 1. It was the first time that Id seen the night face to face. 2.Do you know who John was speaking to? 3. Her wish is that she could lose weight soon. 4. It is a shame that you have to leave so soon. 5. The news that he won is true. 6. The news that he told us is true. 7.News came th

19、at he won the game. 8. This is such a heavy stone as no one can lift. 9. This is such a heavy stone that no one can lift it. 关系代词关系代词asSituation 61.固定结构：固定结构：the sameas, suchas, asas等。等。Beijing is not the same city as it used to be. He isnt such a fool as he looks. He will marry as pretty a girl as

20、he can find.2.非限制性定语从句，说明整个主句，可放在非限制性定语从句，说明整个主句，可放在主主句之前和主句之后，译为句之前和主句之后，译为“正如，正像正如，正像” 。He passed the exam ,as we had expected.As is often the case ,Tom is late for school again.知识拓展知识拓展as everybody can seeas is known to all as we had expectedas is often the case正如人人都能看到的那样正如人人都能看到的那样众所周知众所周知正如我们所

21、预料的那样正如我们所预料的那样这是常见的事这是常见的事 1. Last week, only two people came to look at the house, _ wanted to buy it. A. none of them B. both of them C. none of whom D. neither of whom 2.The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of factors, _ are beyond our control. A. most of them B. most of which

22、C. most of what D. most of thatPoint 4:复合介词复合介词+whom/which用在非限制性定语从句中。用在非限制性定语从句中。又如：又如：half of which, three of whom, to the east of which, all of which/whomA She was educated at Beijing University, _ she went on to have her advanced study abroad. A. after which B. from which C. from that D. after t

23、hat =after she finished her education in Beijing C Living in the central Australian desert has its problems, _ getting water is not the least. A. as B. for which C. of which D. whose =getting water is not the least of its problemsA/ B/C On TV and the radio you will hear differences in the way_ peopl

24、e speak. A. that B. in which C. / D. when 找准先行词，确定定从的谓语动词单复数 He is one of the students who _here just now. He is the only one of the students who _able to answer the question. wereisWater leakage happened to some stops ofthe Hangzhou Subway, _was more than we could expect.which_ everyone expected, Hangzhou subway was officially put into use on November 24th.AsWang Shash