2015年6月大学英语四级真题(CET4)及答案解析

1、2015 年 6 月份英语四级真题（CET4未得到监考老师指令前，不得翻阅该试题册！Part 1 Writi ng （30 min utes）（请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试）Directi ons: For this part, you are allowed 30 minu tes to write an essay basedon the picture below. You should start your essay with a brief description of thepicture and them comme nt on this ki nd o

2、f moder n life. You should write at least 120 wordsbut no more tha n 180 words.THIS MODERN LIFE:WORK HOME PLAY SLEEP请用黑色签字笔在答题卡 1 指定区域作答作文题，在试题册上的作答无Part II Liste ning Comprehe nsion (30mi nu tes)Section ADirecti ons: In this sect ion, you will bear 8 short conv ersati ons and 2 long conv ersations.

3、 At the end of each conv ersati on, one or more questi ons will be asked about what wassaid. Both the con versati on and the questi ons will be spoke n only on ce. After each questions there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B),C)and D), and decide which is

4、 the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answersheet 1 with a single line through the cen ter.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1 上作答1. A) He is pleased to sit on the committee C) He will tell the woman his decisi on laterB) He is willing to offer the woman a hand D) He would like to become a club member2

5、. A) Their pla nned trip to Van couver is obviously overpricedB) They should borrow a guide book in stead of buying oneC ) The guide books in the library have the latest in formatio nD) The library can help order guide books about Van couver3. A) He regrets hav ing take n the history courseB) He fin

6、ds little interests in history booksC) He has trouble fin ishi ng his read ing assig nmentsD) He has difficulty in writing the weekly book report4. A) The man had better choose ano ther restaura ntB) The new restaura nt is a perfect place for dat ingC) The new restaura nt caught her fancy immediatel

7、yD) The man has good taste in choos ing the restaura nt5.A) He has bee n look ing forward to sping C) He will clea n the womans boots for springC) He has bee n wait ing for the win ter sale D) He will help the woma n put thingsaway6. A) At a tailor s C) In a cloth storeB) At Bob s home D) In a theat

8、re7. A) His guests favors Tibeta n drinks C) Mi neral water is good for healthB) His water is quite extraordinary D) Plain water will serve the purpose8. A) Report the result of a discussion C) Submit an important documentationB) Raise some en vir onmen tai issues D) Revise an en vir onmen tai repor

9、tQuestions 9 to 12 are based on the conversation you just heard9. A) They pollute the soil used to cover themB) They are harmful to n earby n eighborhoodsC) The rubbish in them takes long to dissolveD) The gas they emit is extremely pois onous10.A) Growing populations C) Changed eating habitsB) Pack

10、agi ng materials D) Lower producti on cost11.A) By sav ing en ergy C) By reduc ing pois onous wastesB) By using less aluminum D) By making the most of materials12.A) We are running out of n atural resources soonB) On ly comb ined efforts can make a differe neeC) The waste problem will eve n tually h

11、urt all of usD) All of us can actually ben efit from recycli ngQuestions 13 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.13.A) Miami C) Belli nghamB) Van couver D) Bost on14.A) To get information on one-way tickets to CanadaB) To inq uire about the price of “ Super saver ” seatsC) To get

12、advice on how to fly as cheaply as possibleD) To inquire about the shortest route to drive home15.A) Join a tourist group C) Avoid trips in public holidaysB) Choose a major airli ne D) Book tickets as early as possibleSecti on BDirecti ons: In this sect ion, you will hear 3 short passages. At the en

13、d of each passage,you will hear some questi ons. Both the passage and the questi ons will be spoke n only once. After you hear a questi on, you must choose the best an swer from the four choicesmarketed A), B),C) and D). Then marked the correspond letter on An swer sheet I with a single line through

14、 the cen tre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1 上作答。Passage oneQuesti ons 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16.A) There are mysterious stories behi nd his worksB) There are many misun dersta ndings about himC) His works have no match worldwided) His pers onal history is little known17.A) He moved to

15、 Stratford-o n-Avon in his childhoodB) He failed to go bey ond grammar schoolC) He was a member of the tow n coun cilD) He once worked in a well-k now acti ng compa ny18. A) Writers of his time had no means to protect their worksB) Possible sources of clues about him were lost in a fireC) His works

16、were adapted bey ond recog niti onD) People of his time had little in terest in himPassage TwoQuesti ons 19-21 are based on the passage you have just heard19. A) It shows you have been ignoring your healthB) It can seriously affect your thinking processC) It is an early warning of some ill nessD) It

17、 is a symptom of two much pressure20. A) Reduce our workload C) Use pai n killers for reliefB) Con trol our temper D) Avoid mask ing symptom21. A) Lying dow n and hav ing some sleep C) Going out for a walkB) Rubb ing and press ing one s back D) Liste ning to light musicPassage ThreeQuesti ons 22 to

18、25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A) Depe nding heavily on loa ns C). Spending bey ond one s meansB) Having no budget pla ns at all D). Leav ing no room for large bills23. A) Many of them can be cut C) Their payme nt cannot be delayedB) All of them have to be covered D) They eat up

19、 most of the family in come24. A) Rent a house in stead of buying one C) Make a conv ersati on pla nB) Discuss the problem in the family D) Move to a cheaper place25.A) Finan cial issues plagu ing a family C) Family budget problems and soluti onsB) Difficulty in mak ing both ends meet D) New ways to

20、 boost family in comeSection CDirecti ons: in this secti on ,you will hear a paasage three times. Whe n the passage isread for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea.When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with theexact words you

21、 have just heard. Fin ally, whe n the passage is reaf for the third time, youshould check what you have writte n.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1 上作答。Perhaps because going to college is so much a part of the America n dream, manypeople go for no(26)_ reas on. Some go because their pare nts ecpect it,others because it

22、 s what their frie nds are doi n g.The n, there s the belief that a collegedegree will(27)_ en sure a good job and high pay.Some stude nts (28) _ through for years ,atte nding classes, or skipp ing( 逃课)them as the case may be, read ing only what can t be avoided, look ing for less(29)_ courses,a nd

23、n ever being touched or cha n ged in any importa nt way.For a few of these people, college provides no(30)_ , yet because of parental orpeer pressure, they cannot volun tarily leave. They stop trying in the hope that theirteachers will make the decisi on for them by(31)_ them.To put it blun tly( 直截了

24、当地 ),uni ess you re willi ng to make your college years count,you might be(32)_ doing somethi ng else. Not every one shouldatte nd college, nor should every one who does atte nd beg in right after high school. Manycollege students(33)_ tak ing a year or so off. A year out in the worldhelps some peop

25、le to(34)_ their priorities and goals. If you re really going toget someth ing out of going to college, you have to make it mean someth ing, and to do thatyou must have some idea why you re there, what you hope to get out of it, and (35) eve nwhat you hope to become.Part III Readi ng Comprehe nsion

26、(40mi nu tes)Section ADirecti on: In this secti on, there is a passage with ten bla n ks. You are required toselect one word for each bla nk from a list of choices give n in a word bank follwi ng thepassage. Read the passage through carefully before mak ing choices. Each choie in thebank is identifi

27、cated by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item onAnswere Sheet2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words inthe bank more tha n on ce.Questi on 36 to 45 are based on the follow ing passage.It s our guilty pleasure: Watch ing TV is the most com mon

28、 everyday activity,after workand sleep, in many parts of the world. America ns view five hours of TV each day, and whilewe know that spe nding so much time sitt ing _36 _ can lead to obesity( 肥巴胖症)andother diseases, researchers have now quantified just how _ 37 _ being a couch potato canbe.In an an

29、alysis of data from eight large _ 38 _ published studies, a Harvard-led groupreported in the Journal of the American Medical Association that for every two hours per dayspe nt cha nnel _ 39_ ,the risk of develop ing Type 2diabetes(糖 尿病)rose 20% over 8.5 years, the risk of heart disease in creased 15

30、% over a_ 40 _ , and the odds of dying permaturely 41_ 13% duri ng aseve n- year follow-up .All of these _ 42_ are lin ked to a lack of physical exercise.But compared with other sedentary( 久坐的)activities, like knitting ,viewing TV may beespecially 43 _ at promot ing un healthy habits. For one, the s

31、heer nu mber ofhours we pass watch ing TV dwarfs the time we spe nd on any thi ng else. And other studieshave found that watch ing ads for beer and popcor n may make you more likely to44 _them.Eve n so, the authors admit that they did n t compare differe nt sede n tary activities to_45 _ whether TV

32、watchi ng was lin ked to a greater risk ofdiabetes,heart disease or clearly death compared with, say, readi ng.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2 上作答。A) climbed I)previouslyB) c on seme J)resumeC) decade K)sufferedD) determ ine L)sufferi ngE) effective M)termF) harmful N)termi n alsG) o utcomes O)twisti ngH) passivelyS

33、ecti on BDirecti ons: In this sect ion ,you are going to read a passage with ten stateme ntsattavched to it. Each stateme nt contains in formati on give n in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the in formati on is derived. You may choose a paragraphmore tha n on ce. Each paragr

34、aph is marked with a letter. An swer the questi on by markingthe corresp onding letter on An swer Sheet 2Essay -gra nding Software Officers Professors a BreakA Imag ine tak ing a college exam, and in stead of handing in a blue book and gett inga grade from a professoer a few weeks later, click ing t

35、he “ send ” butt on whe n you aredone and recei ving a grade back in sta n tly, your essay scored by a software program. Andthe n, in stead of being done with the exam, imag ine that the system would immediately letyou rewrite the test to try to improve your grade.BEdx,the non profit en terprise fou

36、n ded by Harvard and the Massachusetts In stituteof Thno logy(MIT) to offer courses on the In tern et ,has just in troduced such a system andwill make its automated( 自 动的)software available free on the Web to any institutioons thatwants to use it. The software uses artificial intelligence to gradest

37、ude nt essays and short writte n an swers, free ing professors for other tasks.C The new service will bring the educati onal con sortium（联盟）in to a grow ing conflict over the role of the automati on educati on. Altough automated gradi ng systems formultiple-choice and true-false tests are now widesp

38、read, the use of artificial in tellige neetech no logy to grade essay an swers has not yet provided widespread accepta nee byeducatio ns and has many critics.D Anant Agarwal, an electrical engin eer who is preside nt of Edx, predicted that the insta nt grad ing software would be a useful teachi ng t

39、ool,e nabli ng stude nts to take tests andwrite essays over and over and improve the quality of theiran swers . He said the tech no logy would offer disti net adva n tages over the traditi onalclassroom system, where stude nts ofte n wait days or weeks for grades.“ Thersis a huge value in lear ning

40、with in sta nt feedback ” Dr.Agarwal said, “ Stude nts are telling us they lear n much better with in sta nt feedback.”E But skeptics（怀疑者） say the automated system is no matter for live teachers. OneIon gtime critic, Les Perelma n, has draw n n ati onal atte nti on several times for putt ingtogether

41、 nonsense essays that have fooled software gradi ng programs into givi ng highmarks. He has also bee n highly critical of studies clai mi ng that the software compares wellto huma n grades.F He is among a group of educators who last month bega n circulati ng a petiti on（呼吁） oppos ing automated asses

42、sme nt software. The group, which calls itselfProfessio nals Aga inst Mach ine Scori ng of Stude nt Essays in High-Stakes Assessme nt,has collected n early 2,000 sig n atures, i n cludi ng some from famous people like NoamChomsky.G“ Let s face the realities of automatic essay scoring ” the group s s

43、tateme ntreads in part. “ Computers cannot read . They cannot measure the esse n tials ofeffective writte n com muni cati on: accuracy, reas oning, adequacy of evide nee, good sense, ethical 伦理）positi on, convincing argume nt, meanin gful orga ni zati on, and clarity,among others. ”H But EdX experts

44、 its software to be widely by schools and universities. It offers freeon li ne classes from Harvard, MIT and the Un iversity of California- Berkeley; this fall, it willadd classes from Wellesley, Geogetow n and the Uni versity of Texas. In all, 12 universitiesparticipate in EdX, which offers certifi

45、cates for course completion and has said that it plans tocontinue to expand next year,in clud ing add ing in ter n ati onal schools.I The EdX assessme nt tool requires huma n teachers, or graders 100 essay oressay questi ons. The system the n uses a variety of mach in e-lear ning tech niq ues to tra

46、initself to be able to grade any number of essays or answers automatically and almost instantly.The software will assign a grade depending on the scoring system created by the teacher,whether it is a letter grade or numerical 数字的）rank.J Edx is not the first to use the automated assessme nt tech no l

47、ogy, which dates toearly computers in the 1960s. there is now a range of compa nies offeri ngcommercial programs to grade writte n test an swers, and four states Louisia na, NorthDakota, Utah and West Virgi nia are using some form of the tech no logy in sec ondschools. A fifth, I ndia na, has experi

48、me nted with it. In some cases the software is used as a“ second reader ”, to check the reliability of the humangraders.K But the grow ing in flue nee of the Edx con sortium to set sta n dards is likely to givethe tech no logy a boost. On Tuesday, Stanford announ ced that it would work with EdX tode

49、velop a joi nt educati onal system that will make use of the automated assessme nt tech nology.L Two start-ups, Coursera and Udacity, rece n tly foun ded by Sta nford facultymembers to create “ massive ope n on li ne courses, ” or MOOCs, are also committed toautomated assessme nt systems because of

50、the value of in sta nt feedback. “ it allowsstude nts to get immediate feedback on their work, so that learning turns intoa game, with students naturally gravitating（吸弓丨）to ward resubmitting the workuntil they get it right, ” said Daphne Koller, a computer scientist and a founder of Coursera.M Last

51、year the Hewlett Foundation, a grant-making organization set up by one of theHewlett-Packard foun ders and his wife, spon sored two $100,000 Prizes aimed at improvi ngsoftware that grades essay and short an swers. More tha n 150 teams en tered eachcategory. A winner of one of the Hewlett conten ts,

52、VikParuchurt was hired by EdX to help desig n its assessme nt software.N“ One of our focus is to help kids learn how to think critically, ” saidVuchic, a program officer at the Hewlett Foun dati on.“ It s probably impossible todo that with multiple-choice tests ”. The challe nge is that this require

53、s huma ngraders, and so they cost a lot more and they take a lot of more time.O Mark D.Shermis, a professor at the Un iversity of Akro n in Ohio, supervised theHewlett Foun dati ons con test on automated essay scori ng and wrote a paper about theexperime n t. In his view, the tech no logy though imp

54、erfect has a place in educati onalsett in gs.P With increasing large class, it is impossible for most teachers to give stude ntsmeanin gful feedback on writ ing assig nmen ts, he said Plus, he no ted, critics of the tech nology have ten ded to come from the n ati on s best uni versities, where the l

55、evel of teaching ismuch better than at most schools.Q“ Ofte n they come from very famous in stitutio ns where, i n fact, they doa much better job of provid ing feedback tha n a mach ine over could, ” Dr. Shermis said.“ There seems to be a lack of appreciati on of what is actually going on in the rea

56、l world. ”注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2 上作答。46Some professors in educati on are collect ing sig n atures to voice theiroppositi on to automated essay grad ing.47using software to grade stude nts essay saves teachers time for otherwork.48the Hewlett con tests aim at improvi ng essay grad ing software.49Though the a

57、utomated grad ing system is widely used in multiple-choice tests,automated essay grading is still criticized by many educators.50Some people don t believe the software gradi ng system can do as good a job ashuma n graders.51Critics of automated essay scoring do not seem to know the true realities in

58、 lesesfamous uni versity.52Critics argue many importa nt aspects of effective writ ing cannot measured bycomputer rati ng programs.53As class size grows, most teachers are un able to give stude nt valuable comme ntsas to how to improve their writi ng.54The automated assessme nt tech no logy is somet

59、imes used to double check thework of huma n graders.55Stude nts find in sta nt feedback helps their lear ning con siderably.Section CDirecti ons: There are 2 passages in this secti on. Each passage is followed by somequesti ons or unfini shed stateme nts. For each of them there are four choicesmarke

60、d A), B),C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the correspondingletter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuesti on 56 to 60 are based on the follow ing passage.Across the rich world, well-educated people in creas in gly work Ion ger tha n theless-s