2019年GRE考试阅读模拟试题及答案综合整理(8)

1、2019 年 GRE 考试阅读模拟试题及答案综合整理(8)According to Hill and Spicer, the term“nation - state ”is a misnomer, since the ideal model of a monolingual, culturally homogeneous state has never existed, not even among Europeans, who invented the nation-state concept andintroduced it to the rest of the world. Modern

2、 Europeanstates, they argue, emerged after the Renaissance through the rise of nations (i.e., specific ethnic groups) to positionsof political and economic dominance over a number of other ethnic groups within the bounded political territories. Theterm “nation - state ”, Hill and Spicer argue, obscu

3、res theinternal cultural and linguistic diversity of states thatcould more accurately be called“conquest states.” Theresurgence of multiple ethnic groups within a single state,Hill says, isnot “potentially threating to the sovereignjurisdiction of the state,” as Urban and Sherzer suggest;rather, the

4、 assertion of cultural differences threatens toreveal ethnocentric beliefs and practices upon which conquest states were historically founded and thus to open up thepossibility for a “nations - state ” in which conquered ethnic groups enjoy equal rights with the conquering ethnic groupbut do not fac

5、e the threat of persecution or cultural assimilation into the dominant ethnic group.1. The primary purpose of the passage is toA. discuss issues relating to a form of political organization by raising doubts about the terminology used to refer to itB. trace changes in a form of political organizatio

6、n by examining the evolution of the terminology used to refer toC. justify the continued use of an established term for an evolving form of political organizationD. question the accuracy of a new term for a form of political organizationE. compare two terms for a form of political organization2. The

7、 author of the passage quotes Urban and Sherzer most probably in order toA. introduce a discussion of the legal ramifications of expanding the nation-state conceptB. summarize a claim about one possible effect of asserting cultural differences within a stateC. shift the focus of discussion from inte

8、rnal threats that states face to external threats that they faceD. point out similarities between the threats to states seen by Urban and Sherzer and those seen by HillE. describe one way an ethnocentric practice has affected attempts to assert cultural differences within a state3. According to the passage, Hill and Spicer define nations as which of the following?A. coalitions of distinct ethnic groups with similar conc