[语法大全]从一道高考题看when的运用

1、语法大全从一道高考题看when的运用when是中学英语中一个非常活跃的词，其意义丰富，用法灵活，不易被大家掌握。高考试题经常涉及对when的考查。请看2004年北京春季高考单项填空第26题：We were swimming in the lake _ suddenly the storm started.A. when B. whileC. until D. before此题考查的就是when的用法，从语境可知，该空表示“正在这时”，答案选A。下面结合高考试题对when的用法作一归纳，希望对同学们有所帮助。一、when可以用作从属连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“当的时候”，从句的谓语动词可以是延

2、续性的（此时相当于while）,也可以是非延续性的。其引导的时间状语从句通常用现在时表示将来真题再现1. He was nearly drowned once.When was _?_ was in 1998 when he was in middle school.(2002北京春招)A. that; It B. this; ThisC. this; It D. that; This2. The reporter said that the UFO_ east to west when he saw it.(NMET2000)A. was traveling B. traveledC. ha

3、d been traveling D. was to travel3. Can I join your club, Dad?You can when you _ a bit older.(NMET1994)A. get B. willC. are getting D. will have got4 When the old man to walk back to his house, the sun itself behind the mountain.（2005湖北卷） started；had already hidden Had started； had already hidden Ha

4、d started； was hiding Was starting； hid5 I have been more than six years old when the accident happened.（2005北京卷）A shouldnt B couldnt Mustnt NeedntKey AAAAB二、when可以引导时间状语从句，意为“一就”，相当于as soon as例 Ill tell her about it when she comes back. 她一回来我就把这件事告诉她。We will stand up when the teacher comes into the

5、 classroom. 老师一走进教室我们就起立。We will start when the team leader comes.队长一来我们就出发。三、when可以作“如果；要是”解，引导条件状语从句，相当于if。但when作“如果；要是”解通常表示对某事是否会发生有把握,if 则表示对某事是否会发生没有把握例 How can you hope for mercy when you show none? 如果你不宽恕别人，你怎么能希望得到别人的宽恕呢？Let me know when you need money. 如果你需要钱就告诉我。（含有Im sure youll need mone

6、y之意）Let me know if you need money.(含有perhaps youll need money之意)真题再现Dont be afraid of asking for help _ it is needed.(NMET2003)A. unless B. sinceC. although D. when D四、when可以作“既然，考虑到”解，引导原因状语从句，相当于since, now that, as或considering that例 I cant tell you anything when you wont listen.既然你不想听，我就什么也不告诉你了。H

7、ow could you, when you knew that this might damage the apparatus? 既然你知道这样会损坏仪器，你怎么能这样做呢？真题再现1 He transplanted the little tree to the garden it was the best time for it.（2005上海卷） where when that until2 Why do you want a new job _ youve got such a good one already? (NMET1998)A. that B. whereC. which D

8、. whenKey BD五、when可以引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然；然而；可是”，相当于although例She stopped trying, when she might have succeeded next time. 她不再尝试了，虽然下次可能就会成功了。Professor Li walks to work when he might ride. 李教授虽然有车可坐，但他还是步行去上班。六、when可以用作等立连词，意为“就在那时/这时”（=at that/this time）,“然后”（=and then）,通常与“be about to do”、“be doing”或“be o

9、n the point of doing”连用例We were about to start, when a strong wind came up and it began to rain. 我们正要出发，这时刮起了大风，天开始下起雨来。We hadnt been out for long when she felt sick in the stomach. 我们出去时间不长她就感到肚子疼。I was doing my homework when the telephone rang. 我正在做作业，这时电话铃响了。真题再现1. He was about to tell me the sec

10、ret _ someone patted him on the shoulder.(2002上海)A. as B. untilC. while D. when2. The students _ busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she _ in the office. (MET1991)A. had written; leftB. were writing; has leftC. had written; had leftD. were writing; had left3 I was just talking to Margaret when

11、 Jackson （2005湖南卷）A cut in B cut downC cut out D cut up4 I was on the highway when this car went past followed by a police car. They_at least 150 kilometers an hour.（2005重庆卷）A should have been doingB must have been doingC could have doneD would have doneKey DDAB七、when可以用作关系副词，引导定语从句。这时when在定语从句中作时间状

12、语真题再现1. The film brought hours back to me _I was taken good care of in that faraway village.(NMET2001)A. until B. thatC. when D. where2. It was an exciting moment for these football fans this year, _ for the first time in years their team won the World Cup.(2000北京春招)A. that B. whileC. which D. when3

13、. I shall never forget those days _I lived in the countryside with the farmers, _had a great effect on my life.(1994上海)A. that; which B. when; whichC. which; that D. when; who CDB八、when可以用作连接副词，引导名词性从句。when在从句中既起连接作用同时也作状语真题再现1. I hate _ when people talk with their mouths full.(NMET1998)A. it B. tha

14、tC. these D. them2. I remember _ this used to be a quiet village.(MET1993)A. when B. howC. where D. what3. What I asked him is _the story happened.(MET1990)A. when and whatB. which and whereC. what and whereD. when and where4 As soon as he comes back, Ill tell him when _ and see him.（2005北京卷）A you w

15、ill comeB will you comeC you comeD do you comeKey AADA九、when可以用于固定句型“hardlywhen”，意为“一就”使用该句型时要注意： hardly 后的谓语动词用过去完成时 ,when后谓语动词要用过去时。hardly位于句首时, hardly 后的句子要倒装，而when引导的句子不倒装。例 He had hardly left home when it began to rain.他刚出门就下雨了。真题再现_ got into the room,_ the telephone rang.(MET1988)A. He hardly

16、had; thenB. Hardly had he; whenC. He had not ; thanD. Not had he; when B十、when引导时间状语从句时，如果主从句主语一致或从句主语为it，且从句中的谓语部分含有be的形式，可将从句主语和be省略真题再现1. Generally speaking, _ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect.(2003上海)A. when takingB. when takenC. when to takeD. when to be taken2. When _, the museum will be open to the public next