情态动词havedone的用法高一

1、情态动词+have+done适用学科英语适用年级高一适用区域全国课时时长（分钟）1课时/60分钟知识点情态动词+have+done教学目标知识：情态动词+have+done方法：简明扼要的讲解，并配套经典习题的练习能力：提升情态动词+have+done的使用熟练程度教学重点情态动词+have+done教学难点如何正确使用 情态动词+have+done教学过程一、 课堂导入先给学生一些比较简单的单选题或其他题型，让学生们自己思考，给出解答，让学生们先形成一种讨论的气氛，养成独立思考的习惯。二、复习预习讲解上节课布置的作业与练习，以达到复习上节课知识点的目的；3、 知识讲解知识点1：情态动词+ha

2、ve+done 1【考查点】“must+have+done”表示对过去事情的肯定推测，译成“一定做过某事”，该结构只用于肯定句。 1. It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet. 昨晚一定下雨了，因为地面还是湿的。2. You must have been mad to speak to the servant. 你和仆人说话，一定是发疯了。2【考查点】“can't+have+done”表示对过去事情的否定推测，译成“不可能做过某事”。1. Mr. Smith can't have gone to Beijing

3、, for I saw him in the library just now. 史密斯先生不可能去北京了，我刚才还在图书馆见过他。 2. Mary can't have stolen your money. She has gone home. 玛丽不可能偷你的钱，她回家去了。 3【考查点】“can+have+done”表示对过去行为的怀疑，用于疑问句，译成“可能做过吗？”。1. There is no light in the room. Can they have gone out? 屋里没有灯，他们可能出去了吗？ 2. There is nowhere to find them

4、. Where can they have gone? 到处找不到他们，他们可能到什么地方去呢？4“【考查点】could+have+done”是虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是本来能够做某事而没有做。He could have passed the exam, but he was too careless. 本来他能够通过考试，但是他太粗心。5【考查点】“may+have+done”表示对发生过的事情的推测，意思是“可能已经”或“也许已经”，用于肯定句中。 What has happened to George?I don't know. He may have got los

5、t.乔治发生了什么事？我不知道，他可能迷路了。6【考查点】“might+have+done”表示对过去事情的推测，might与may意思相同，但可能性更小。多用于虚拟语气结构中。 1. He might have given you more help, even though he was busy. (MET90) 他或许会多给你一些帮助，即使他很忙。 2. She might have achieved greater progress, if you had given her more chances. 如果你多给她点机会，她可能已经取得更大的成绩。7 【考查点】“would+hav

6、e+done”虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是“本来会做”。1. I would have told you all about the boy's story, but you didn't ask me. 我本来会告诉你这个小男孩的故事，但是你没有问我。2. Without your help, I wouldn't have achieved so much. 没有你的帮助，我是不会取得如此大的成绩。9 【考查点】“should+have+done”意思是“本来应该做某事，而实际没做。” “shouldn't+have+done”表示本来不应该做某事

7、，而实际做了。含有指责对方或自责的含意。 1. Tom, you are too lazy. The work should have been finished yesterday. 汤姆，你太懒惰了，这项工作本来应该昨天就做完的。2. Look, Tom is crying. I shouldn't have been so harsh on him. 看，汤姆哭了，我本来不应该对他如此严厉。10【考查点】 “ought to+have+done”表示过去应该做而实际并没有做，译成“理应做”，往往表示遗憾。与“should+have+done”用法基本一样。 I ought to

8、have gone home last Sunday. 我理应上星期日回家。You ought not to have given him more help. 你不应该帮助他那么多。10【考查点】 “need+have+done”表示本来需要做某事而没有做。“needn't+have+done”则表示“本来不需要做某事而做了”。1.I needn't have bought so much wineonly five people came. 我本来没有必要买这么多酒，只来了五个人。2.He need have hurried to the station. In that

9、case, be wouldn't have missed the train. 他本来需要快点去车站，那样的话，他就不会误了火车。四、例题精析【例题1】Mr. White _ at 8:30 for the meeting , but he didnt show up.     （04广西卷）A. should have arrived B. should arriveC. should have had arrived D. should be arriving【答案】A【解析】本题中的一个关键词but暗示了“Mr. White按道理理应到了，而他没有

10、到”。故答案选A。【例题2】As you worked late yesterday, you_ have come this morning.      (06陕西卷)A. maynt          B. cant          C. mustnt        D. neednt【答案】D【解析】

11、He needn't have come，表示“他本没有必要来（实际却来了）”，根据句意，答案应选D。注意 He didn't need to come yesterday，意为“他昨天没有必要来（实际也没来）”。 【例题3】I have lost one of my gloves. I _ it somewhere .         （05北京春季）A. must drop            

12、   B. must have droppedC. must be dropping        D. must have been dropped【答案】B【解析】本题应选B。本题的前一句说明一个结果，后一句则表示一个原因。【例题4】 .I _have been more than six years old when the accident happened. （05天津卷）A. shouldn't        

13、60; B. couldn't          C. mustn't       D. needn't【答案】B【解析】从题意上分析，本题的前一句陈述一个理由，后一句则是由前一句得出的结论。五、课堂运用【基础】.We   have proved great adventurers, but we have done the greatest march ever made in the past ten years. &

14、#160;                                        (06天津卷)A. neednt      B. may not

15、60;       C. shouldnt          D. mustnt  【答案】B【解析】我们可能不是伟大的探险家，但是我们做了过去十年来最伟大的游行。 2、I _ sooner but I didnt know that they were waiting for me.A. had come B. was coming C. would come D. would have come【答案】D 【解析】句意为“我本来可以

16、早点来，但我真不知道他们在等我。”but I didnt know表示了过去时间，因此前句是对过去的虚拟，用主语+should / would / could / might + have done表达，故选D。3_ I have a word with you? It wont take long. A. CanB. Must C. Shall D. Should 【答案】A 【解析】本题考察的是情态动词基本意义辨析。Can能够，可能；must必须，一定；非得；shall将要；should应该；句意：我可以和你谈谈吗？不会花很多时间的。根据句意可知本题使用can I？表示询问对方是否允许。如

17、：Can I use your dictionary?我可以使用你的字典吗？故A正确。4Although you _ find bargains in London, its not generally a cheap place to shop. A. should B. need C. must D. can 【答案】D 【解析】should应该，竟然；need需要；must必须，一定；非得，偏偏；can能够，可能，有时会；句义：尽管你有时可能会在伦敦找到便宜货，但总得说来那不是一个购物的便宜的地方。根据句义可知can表示有时可能，有时会；故D正确。5【巩固】It is usually w

18、arm in my hometown in March, but it be rather cold sometimes.A.must B.can C.should D.would 【答案】B 【解析】must必然, 一定；can可能；should应该；would（过去）将, 总会。本题提供的语境是 “有时可能会”。6、 Ive prepared all kinds of food for the picnic. 7、 Do you mean we_ bring anything with us? A. cant B. mustnt C. shant D. needn't 【答案】D 【解析】本题考察的是情态动词意义辨析。cant不可能；不能；mustnt禁止，千万不能；neednt不必；不需要；句义：我已经为野餐准备了各种食物。你是指我们不必带任何东西了？根据句义可知前者已经准备了一切食物，所以后者不需要带任何东西。故D正确。7、 We have bought so much food now that Suzie wont be with us for dinner.Amay notBneedntCcant Dmustnt 【答案】B 【解析】may not不可以，neednt不需要，can't不可能， mustn