状语从句(9种

1、1. 时间状语从句常用弓丨导词：when, as, while, as soon as, before,after, since , till, until特殊引导词:every time, the daythe minute, the moment, the second,the instant, immediately ,directly, no soonerthan, hardly when,scarcely whenI didn ' t realize how special my mother was untilI became an adult.While John was

2、 watching TV, his wife was cooking.果园）,The children ran away from the orchard(the moment they saw the guard.No sooner had I arrived home ,then it began torain.Every time I listen to your advice, I get intotrouble.2. 地点状语从句常用引导词： where特殊引导词：wherever, anywhere, everywhereGenerally, air will be heavily

3、 p olluted wherethere are factories.Wherever you go, you should work hard.地点状语从句§4 地点状语从句(adverbial clause of pl ace)地点状语从句一般由连接副词where, wherever等弓导，已经形成了固定的句型，例如:句型1 : Where +地点从句，（there ）+主句。【注意】此句型通常译成“哪里哪里就”主句在从句后面时，there可用可不用；如果主句在从句的前面时，一般都不用there。例如:Where there is no rain, farming is dif

4、ficult orimp ossible.在没有雨水的地方，耕作是困难的，或根本 不可能的。They were good p ersons. Where they went, therethey were warmly welcomed.他们都是好人。因此他们走到哪里都受到热烈欢迎。You should have put the book where you found it.你本来应该把书放回原来的地方。Where the Communist Party of China goes, therethe people are liberated.哪里有了中国共产党，哪里人民得解放。句型2: A

5、nywhere/ wherever+地点从句，+主句。【注意】anywhere本身是个副词，但是，常可以弓导从句，相当于连词，意思相似于wherever, anywhere引导的从句可位于主句之前，也可以位于主句之后。wherever本身就是个连词，表示“在何处，无论何处”。例如:Wherever the sea is , you will find seamen.海就有海员。3回答者：快乐如3. 原因状语从句常用引导词： because, since, as, for特殊弓丨导词：seeing that, now that, in that,' m handsome andconsi

6、dering that, given that.My friends dislike me because Isuccessful.Now that everybody has come, let ' s begin ourconference.The higher income tax is harmful in that it maydiscourage people from trying to earn more.4. 目的状语从句常用弓 I导词： so that, in order that特殊引导词：lest, in case, for fear that,inthehop

7、e that, for the purpose that, to the end thatThe boss asked the secretary to hurry upwiththeletters so that he could sign them.The teacher raised his voice on purposethatthestudents in the back could hear more clearly.5. 结果状语从句常用引导词： sothat, such that,the特殊弓丨导词：such that, to the degree that, toexten

8、t that, to such a degree that,He got up so early that he caught the first bus.It ' s such a good chance that we must not missit.To such a degree was he excited that he couldn ' tslee p last night.6. 条件状语从句常用引导词：if, unless,特殊弓丨导词：as/so long as, only if,p roviding/provided that, supp osing tha

9、t, in case that, on condition thatWe II start our project if the presidentagrees.You will certainly succeed so long as you kee pon trying.P rovided that there is no opp osition, we shallhold the meeting here.7. 让步状语从句常用弓丨导词：though, although, even if, eventhough特殊引导词：as(用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装while (般用在句首 ),n

10、o matter -in sp ite ofthe fact that, while, whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however, whicheverMuch as I respect him, I can ' t agree to hispropo sal.尽管我很尊敬他，我却不同意他的建议。The old man always enjoys swimming even thoughthe weather is rough.No matter how hard he tried, she could not changeher mi

11、nd.He won' t listen whatever you may say.8.比较状语从句常用引导词：as（同级比较）,than（不同程度的比较）特殊引导词： the more t he more ;just as ，so ;A is to B what /as X is to Y; nomore than;not A so much as BShe is as bad-te mp ered as her mother.The house is three times as big as ours.The more you exercise, the healthieryou

12、will be.Food is to men what oil is to machine.食物之于人，犹如油之于机器。9.方式状语从句常用弓I导词： as, as if, how特殊引导词：the wayWhen in Rome, do as the Roman do.She behaved as if she were the boss.Sometimes we teach our children the way ourp arents have taught us.三、条件状语从句要点： 表示状语从句由连词 if, un less (=if not) 1f it doesn '

13、 t rain tomorrow, we will go hiking.引导。如果明天不下雨,我们就去远足.2. You will get good grades if you study hard.如果你努力学习，就会取得好成绩.3will go to the p arty uni ess he goes there too.我会去参加聚会的，除非他也去.(如果他不去，我就去.)4.You will be late uni ess you leave immediately.如果你不马上走，你将会迟到的.(=If you don ' t leave immediately, you

14、will be late.),当主句是将来时难点提示：用条件状语从句时要注意时态的正确使用的时候，从句要用一般现在时.'t fine tomorrow.lHe will no t leave if it isn一般将来时，一般现在时does n' t rain n ext week.lThey are going to have a picnic if it一般将来时，一般现在时辨析.难点because , since , as , for,1) because语势最强，用来说明人所不知的原因，回答why提出的问题。当原因是显而易见的或已为人们所知，就用as或since。I d

15、idn ' t go, because I was afraid.Since /As the weather is so bad, we have to delay our journ ey.2) 由because引导的从句如果放在句末，且前面有逗号，则可以用for来代替。但如果不是说明直接原因，而是多种情况加以推断，就只能用for。He is abse nt today, becaus e / for he is ill.He must be ill, for he is abse nt today.引导的从句在主句后。例: (同义句)3) as和for的区别：for通常情况下，as

16、引导的从句在主句前，As the weather is cold, I stay at home.I stay at home, for the weather is cold.五、目的状语从句sothat , in order that要点：目的状语从句由连词that, so that,引导。1. so that 以至，以便I ' II run slowlyso that you can catch up with me.(目的）我将慢慢跑以至你能赶上我。目的）I opened the window so that fresh air might come in.(我把窗户打开以使新

17、鲜空气可以进来。2.i n order that=so that:为了We shall let you know the details soon in order that you can/may make your arran geme nts.（目的）不久我们将会让你知道详情，以便你们能够做出安排。3.despite prep.不管，尽管=in spite of不管六、结果状语从句that, so要点：结果状语从句由连词（so ）that, so that, such much/ma nythat引导。1. sothat 如此以至于we were all veryThe scientis

18、t ' s report was so instructive that excited.科学家的报告很有启发性，我们感到很兴奋。He always studied so hard that he made great p rogress.他总是那么努力，结果他取得了很大的进步。2. suchthat 如此。以至It ' s such nice weather that all of us want to go to the park.天气是如此的好，我们大家都想去公园玩。3. 比较：so和such其规律由so与such的不同词性决定。such是形容词，修饰名词或名 词词组，s

19、o是副词，只能修饰形容词或副词。so还可与表示数量的形容词many, few, much, little（这四个形容词表多或表少时）连用，形成固定搭配。so foolish such a foolso nice a flowersuch a nice flowerso many / few flowerssuch nice flowersso much / little mon ey. such rapid p rogressso many people such a lot of people（so many已成固定搭配，a lot of 虽相当于 many，但a lot of 为名词性的，

20、只能用 such搭配。）sothat 与suchthat 之间的转换既为 so与such之间的转换。The boy is so young that he can ' t go to school.He is such a young boy that he can ' t go to school难点+形容词或副词+形+a(a n)+单数可数名词so +many或few+复数可数名词 +that+much或little+ 不可数名词so that ,such that 都可以 in order that两者皆可引导目的状语从句和结果状语从句，can, could, may.当

21、他们引导目的状语从句时，从句的谓语里常常有might, will, would 等次。so +adj或adv.+ that , such +n.+ that以上两种句型都表示结果，其中so为副词，后接形容词，副词原型，当可数名词前有many, few ；不可数名词前有 much, little修饰时，应采用句型：so many (few, much,little )+n.。such为形容词，后只能接名词。这名词既可以地可数的，也可以是不可数的。如果这名词是可数，单数，则必须在名词前加冠词a(an).常见的形式是 :such a (beautiful)garden, such(nice)peop

22、le.1。I ' ve had so many falls that I ' m black and blue all over.'t give you any.我跌了很多跤，浑身数摔得清一块紫一块2。there are so few notebooks that I can笔记本太少了 ，我一本也给不了你.3。It is such nice weather that I' d like to take a walk.天气是如此只好，以至于我想去散散步.4。Mike is so honest a man that we all believe him.麦克是如此

23、诚实的一个人，以至于大家都相信他(二Mike is such an hon est man that we all believe him.)5。The weather is so nice that I ' d like to take a walk.天气是如此只好，以至于我想去散散步.七、让步状语从句要点：表示让步的状语从句由连词though, although 引导.难点：Ithough, although 当虽然讲，都不能和but连用.Although,(though) but的格式是不对的.但是他们都可以同yet (still)连用.所以though (although) y

24、et(still)的格式是正确的.Wrong: Although he is rich but he is not happy.Right : Although he is rich, yet he is not happy.虽然他很富有，然而他并不快乐.Right : Although we have grow n up, our parents treat us as childre n.Right : Although we have grow n up, our parents still treat us as childre n.尽管我们已经长大了，可是我们的父母仍把我们看作小孩.

25、although, though 辨析although 不能though那样用作副词，放在句末表示强调时要用 eve n though.1。He is looking fit, though.但是，他看上去很健康.考点2。Even though I didn ' t under a word, I kept smiling.尽管我一个字也不懂，我还是一直微笑着。3。He is quite experieneed, he is young, though.尽管他很年轻，他很有经验。典型例题1) she is young, she knows quite a lot.A. Whe n B.

26、 However C. Although D. U nl ess答案：C。意为虽然她很年轻，却知道许多。2) as, though 引导的倒装句as / though引导的让步从句必须表语或状语提前(形容词、副词、分 词、实义动词提前)。Child as /though he was, he knew what was the right thing to do.=Though he was a small child, he knew what was the right thing to do.注意：a. 句首名词不能带任何冠词。b. 句首是实义动词，其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾

27、语 和状语，随实义动词一起放在主语之前。Try hard as he will, he n ever seems able to do the work satisfactorily.=Though he tries hard, he n ever seems虽然他尽了努力，但他的工作总做的不尽人意。3) ever if, eve n though.即使we ll make a trip even though the weather is bad.4) whether - or - 不管都Whether you believe it or no t, it is true.5） "

28、no matter + 疑问词"或"疑问词+后缀ever" No matter what happen ed, he would not mind. Whatever happen ed, he would not mind. 替换： no matter what = whatever no matter who = whoever no matter whe n = whe never no matter where = wherever no matter which = whichever no matter how = however注意：no matte

29、r不能引导 主语从句 和宾语从句。（错）No matter what you say is of no use now.（对）Whatever you say is of no use now.你现在说什么也没用了。（Whatever you say（错）Prisoners have to eat no matter what they（对）Prisoners have to eat whate ver they ' 只能给什么吃什么。是主语从句）'re given,re give n.囚犯们八、比较状语从句要点：比较状语从句主要运用于形容词和副词的原级, 级的句子之中。比较级

30、及最高原级1. as as 和和 0 0 0 样Jack is as tall as Bob.捷克和汤姆一样高。2. not so（as） as和不一样She is not so（as）outgo ing as her sister.她不如她姐姐外向。比较级more than （ 更 ）This book is more in structive tha n that one.这本书比那本书由教育意义。最咼级1. The most in/ofThis book is the most in teresti ng of the three.这本书是三本中最有趣的。2. the + 形容词 +es

31、t of/inThis road is the busiest street in our city.这条路是我们城市最繁忙的街道。知识扩展no more than 只不过（嫌少的意思）1。I have no more than two pens.我只有两支笔。2。It ' s no more than a mile to the shops.去商店不过一英里。not more than不如。；（前者不如后者）1。Jack is not more diligent than John.捷克不如约翰勤奋。2。one of the + 名词（复数）.之一（用于最高级）Han Mei is

32、one of the best stude nts in our school.韩梅是我们学校最好的学生之一。九、方式状语从句引导。方式状语从句通常由as, （just） asso,as if, as though1） as, （just） asso引导的方式状语从句通常位于主句后，但在（just） asso结构中位于句首，这时as从句带有比喻的含义，意思是"正如","就像"，多用于正式文体，例如：1。Always do to the others as you would be done by.你希望人家怎样待你，你就要怎样待人。2。As water

33、is to fish, so air is to man.我们离不开空气，犹如鱼儿离不开水。3。 Just as we sweep our rooms, so weshould sweep backwardideasfrom our min ds.正如打扫房屋一样，我们也要扫除我们头脑中落后的东西。2） as if, as though两者的意义和用法相同，引出的状语从句谓语多用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反，有时也用陈述语气，表示所说情况是事实或实现的可能性较大。汉译常作"仿佛似的"，"好像似的"，例如：1。They completely ignore th

34、ese facts as if （as though） they never existed.他们完全忽略了这些事实，就仿佛它不存在似的。（与事实相反，谓 语用虚拟语气。）2。He looks as if （as though） he had been hit by lighting.他那样子就像被雷击了似的。（与事实相反，谓语用虚拟语气。）3。It looks as if the weather may pick up very soon.看来天气很快就会好起来。（实现的可能性较大，谓语用陈述语气。）说明：as if / as though也可以引导一个分词短语、不定式短语或无动词短语，例如：1。He stared at me as if seeing me for fir