英语中六大从句用法总结

1、英语中六大从句用法总结1、定语从句定语从句所修饰的先行词可以是名词或代词， 也可以是一个句子。定语从句通常位于先行词之后，由关系代词 或关系副词引导。关系词在从句中的成分修饰的先行词可否省略关系代词that 主语或宾语人、物作宾语时可省略which主语或宾语物作宾语时 可省略who、whom、whose主语、宾语和定语人作宾语时可省略关 系副词when、where、why时间状语、地点状语、原因时间、地 点、原因一般可省略*限制性定语从句限制性定语从句修饰先行 词，对先行词起修饰作用，紧接先行词之后，无逗号，若省去， 原句意思不完整。引导定语从句的关系代词有who,whom, whose,wh

2、ich, that 等。who,whom,whose 用于指人， whose有时也可指物，相当于of which； which用于指物；that 既可指人也可指物，但只用于限制性定语从句中。关系代词除了 引导定语从句，替代先行词外，还在从句中担任主语、宾语、定 语等。T he computers and cables which make up the Internet are owned by people and organizationsThose who live alone or who are sick may have trouble in getting close to ot

3、her people、 The girl whose parents died in an accident is living with her grandmother> 1）当 先行词是 all, anything, everything, something, nothing 等不定 代词或先行词前有 first, last,any, few,much, some,no,only 以及 形容词最高级修饰时，只能用关系代词that引导从句。T hat is all that Ive heard from him. lies the first person that Im going

4、 to interview this afternoon. 2)关系代词的省略 在 从句中作宾语的关系代词常可省略。关系代词紧跟介词，作介词 宾语时不可用that,只可用which或whom引导从句，并且不可省 略，但当介词位于宾语从句句末时，作为介词宾语的关系代词仍 可用 that,也可省略。T his is one of those things with which we have to put up、 This is one of those things (whichthat)we have to put up with、3)引导定语从句的关系副词有 when,where,why等。

5、关系副词在从句中作状语，意义上相当于一 个“介词+which” 的结构。E ven in comic books where(=in which)there are no words,the stories are fully expressed through the drawings. No one knows the reason why(=for which)he was so angry that day、*非限制性定语从句 非限制性 定语从句既可修饰先行词，也可修饰整个主句，起补充说明作 用，与主句之间有逗号隔开，若省去，原句意思不受影响。不可 用that引导非限制性定语从句。关系

6、词不可省略。E very object has a gravitational pull,which is rather like magnetism、* “介词+whichwhomwhose” 引导的定语从句“介 词+whichwhomwhose”可引导限制性定语从句，也可引导非限制 性定语从句，该结构中介词的选择取决于从句谓语动词的固定搭 配，或先行词的习惯搭配。T his is the computer on which he spent all his savings It is written by a person with whom we are all familiar、*as

7、引导的定语从句as引导的定语从句 主要用于“such、as"及“the same、as”的结构中， 代替先行词是人或物的名词。as引导非限制性定语从句时，代替 整个主句，从句可位于主句之前、之后或中间。T hese are not such problems as can be easily solved、（as 代替先行词 problems）As is mentioned above,no single company or group can control what happens on the Internet、（as 代替主语）2、主语从句1）主语从句可直接位于主语的位置，

8、如果从句 较长，谓语又较短，可用it作形式主语，而将从句放在句末。常 见的句型有：*It is a facta pitya questiongood news that、 *It seemsappearshappenedhas turned out that、 、 、 *It is clearimportant1ikelypossible that> 、 、 *It is saidreportedestimatedhas been proved that. 、 、 It is said that comic books create a connection between people

9、 of the same generation> It seems that the performance is very useful2）what引导的主语从句表示“、的东西时”， 一般不用 it 作形式主语。W hat we lack is experience 3） what, who, when, why, whether等词含有各自的疑问意义,但它们 引导的主语从句，都用陈述语序。II ow the plan is to be carried out should be discussed again、 I did know why I felt like crying.3、

10、宾语从句1）宾语从句可位于及物动词、介词和某些形容 词后。连词that常可省略。介词后一般接疑问词引导的宾语从 句。in that （因为），except that（除了），but that（只是）已构成 固定搭配，其他介词后一般不接that引导的宾语从句。*1 promised that I would change the situation、 *A11 this is different from what American young people would say about friendship *He is certain that watching so much telev

11、ision is not good for children、 *This article is well-written except that it is a bit too long、2） 关于宾 语从句连词的选择：1若从句来源于一个陈述句，那么，连词用that,在口语中that可以省略;2若从句来源于一个一般疑问句,连词则用if或whether；3若从句来源于一个特殊疑问句，则连词就是疑问词（如 what,who,where,when 等）*They believe that the computer will finally take the place of human being

12、s、（他们相信计算机终将代替人类。）（从句本来就是陈述句）* I wonder whether I should say something for him to the headmaster（我不知道是不是该为 他在校长跟前说点什么。）（从句来源于一般问句 Shall I say something for him to the headmaster?）*He asked me where he could get such medicine、 （他问 我在哪儿能搞到那样的药。）（从句来源于特殊问句 Where can he get such medicine? ）3） 宾语从句后如有宾补，

13、要用形式宾语it来代替，而把宾语从句移 至宾补之后。II e has made it clear that he would not change his mind、4）在 think, believe, suppose, expect 等动词 后的宾语从句中，如果谓语是否定的，一般将否定词移至主句谓 语上，宾语从句则变成肯定形式。II e didnt think that the money was well spent、4、表语从句在句子中作连系动词的表语的从句，它位于主句 中的系动词之后。表语从句出现在结构为“主语+系动词+表语从 句”的句子中。表语从句除可用that, what, wh

14、en, why, whether, how 等弓【导外，还可由 because, as if （though）等引导。that常可省略。如主句主语为reason,只能 用that引导表语从句，不可用because、*Perhaps the most important thing to remember is that there is no one common type of life in America、 *The reason why so many people died there is that there were not enough food supplies. *It

15、looks as if successful international cultural communication will make the world smaller>5、同位语从句同位语从句用于对前面出现的名词作进一步 说明，一般用连词that引导，由于先行名词的意义不同，也可用 whether,who,when,where,what,why,how 等引导。常见的先行词有 fact,idea,belief,news,hope,conclusion,evidence,suggestion ,order, problem, reportt decision>有时由于谓语较短

16、,将同位 语从句位于谓语之后。S he finally made the decision that she would join the fashion show、 I had no idea how many books I could borrow at a time、 The news came that their team had won the championship6、状语从句*时间状语从句引导时间状语从句的从属连词 和词组有：1)when,whenever,while,as,after,before,since,till,until,once 等。W e have lear

17、nt quite a lot about it since we came here. 2)as soon as,hardly(scarcely)、 、 when,no sooner、 、 、 than,each(every)time,the moment,immediately(that)o A s soon as I sent an e-mail message,I received positive responses. The moment he heard the good newst he jumped with joy、 * 地点状语从句引导地点状语从句的连词是where,whe

18、rever.Wherever she went,she took her little daughter with her、 *原因、结果和目的状语从句1）引导原因状语从句的从属连词 有：because,as,since,now（that）,seeing that,considering that, in that 等。C onsidering that he is a freshman,we must say he is doing well > 2）引导结果状语从句的连词有： so、that, such、that , so that, that, so 等。M ickey Mouse

19、 is so attractive that the children are reluctant to leave、3）引导目的状语从句的连词有：so that, in order that, for fear that, lest 等，从句常使用may,might, can, could, would 等情态动词。W e got up early this morning so that we could catch the first bus to the railway station. *条件和让步状语从句1）引导条件状语从句 的连词和词组有if, unless, as （so）long as,on condition that,in case,provided （providing） that, supposing 等。A s long as you have the right equipment,you can use a telephone line to transmit c