读写任务说明文写作导练

1、读写任务说明文写作导练一说明文概要模板a. 现象揭示类：This article points out the com mon phe nomenon （主题）,which （.补充解释）b. 利弊对比类：The article compares the disadva ntages/ ben efits of A and B.A while B The passage discusses the impact影响）of sth. On the positive side ,but it may also c. 研究显示类：The study reveals（揭露）that The purpo

2、se of the report is to show that 二说明文的概括方法：主题概括法/段意合并法写作方法：抓住关键句：文章第一段和各段第一句。（所谓关键句主要是一些主题句即中心句）对现象分析型说明文，要找出现象”造成这种现象的原因”解决这种现象或问题的措施或建议”。例 1: The article points out the com mon phe nomenon-I nternet shopp ing, which offers great convenience. People can buy many things on the Internet in cludi ng c

3、om mon products, in formati on products and eve n services.例 2 : The passage mainly tells us what table manners are. By showing readers some differe nt table manners in differe nt coun tries,the passage reminds people to valuetable mann ers.例 3: The passage shows that nowadays boys tend to perform w

4、orse than girls in all aspects in school, which is known as the解 boy crisis ” . Experts suggest that sameschooli ng may be a possible soluti on to the problem.三.实战演练（1）You may not be very familiar with ” ecotourism ” - a new term in today ' s tourism industry- but in an area of grow ing environm

5、en tal con scious ness, it is not too difficult for us to imagi ne and work out the meaning of this new form of holiday.Ecotourism is typically defined as travel to places where the unique flowers, plants, animals and the cultural heritage are the primary attractions. It is considered as a kind of r

6、esponsible tourism which seriously takes ecology and culture in to con siderati on. Therefore, programs involving the conservation and preservation of some natural and cultural sites also form a part of ecotourism.Ecotourism is developing at great speed. According to a report by the World Tourism Or

7、ga ni zati on, ecotourism in recent years has enjoyed an annual growth of about 5% worldwide. Over 80 activities have been listed for education, such as bird watching, hiking, diving, photography, mountaineering and participating in various kinds of local cultural events.Although big cities are stil

8、l the major places that absorb tourists in our society today, it looks like some smaller tow ns and rural areas rich in ecological, cultural and historical resources may well become the new dest in atio ns for people to visit tomorrow.Find out the topic and expositions in the passage:说明对象说明对象的解释a.b.

9、c.d.Summary:（2）Eye care is an important factor in all of our lives. Without eyes, we seem to be able to do no thi ng. But, what can we do to take care of eyes? Firstly, we should eat healthy foods. Secon dly, don ' t sit before a computer screen or TV for too long time and take regular rest at i

10、ntervals so as to relax the eye muscles. Thirdly, havi ng eno ugh sleep is the best rest for eyes.Besides those no tices, you should be aware of some threats to eyes in daily lives. Excessive exposure to bright sun light is harmful to eyes, therefore, whe n going out, especially in summer time, put

11、on a pair of qualified sun glasses. Stay away from smok ing. Some in gredie nts in cigarettes are carci nogen esis（致 癌的）.Last but not least, take regular medical exam ines to check out the pote ntial eye disease and prevent its deterioration（退化）.Eyes are the most important sense organs and one shoul

12、d use proper eye care products to avoid further irritations （ 刺激 ）and ensure Iongevity at ease.Find out the topic and expositi ons in the passage:说明对象说明对象的解释a.b.c.d.Summary:四 2013 广州二模读写任务阅读下面短文，然后按照要求写一篇 150 词左右的英语短文。The serious decline in the health of Chinese students is causing concern among par

13、ents, schools and experts. The next generation's future is in danger and there is a need to understand the causes of the problem and find a solution. In the last 10 years, studies have found an alarming increase in:Obesity The number of overweight middle school students has doubled. Poor diet, e

14、specially the overeating of junk food and the overdrinking of soft drinks, and the lack of physical activity are identified as the main reasons for this problem.Poor eyesight More students now wear glasses and from an earlier age. Long hours of study and heavy use of computers and mobile phones are

15、most commonly blamed.Stress Students feel under more pressure to succeed than ever before. The long hours of study and homework they must do to achieve success, plus pressure from parents and schools are the main causes.Some have suggested including Physical Education (P. E.) in the Gaokao as a poss

16、ible solution to students' health problems. They say this will force students to be more active, play sports and therefore lose weight. Others, however, oppose the idea, saying that adding one more test to the Gaokao would only increase students' workload and stress and would actually worsen

17、 their overall health.Although there is no easy answer, all agree that something must be done to stop the serious decline in students' health.【写作内容】1以约 30 个词概括这段短文的内容；2 然后以约 120 个词就 “健康与学习 ”的话题进行写作，内容包括：(1) 你是否赞成体育加入高考及原因；(2) 健康与学习的关系；(3) 你认为还有什么方式可以帮助学生提高身体素质。【写作要求】1在作文中可以使用自己亲身的经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅

18、读材料的内容，但 不得直接引用原文中的句子；2作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。【评分标准】概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，篇章连贯。参考范文：概述一 This passage lists some of the causes for the decline of Chinesestudents'health and discusses one possible solution to the problem- including P.E. inthe Gaokao .(W;27)概述二 Students' health has become worse and worse, s

19、uch as obesity, poor eyesight and stress. It causes concerns among people. Some suggest including P.E, in the Gaokao, to solve the problem, while others are opposed.(W;34)概述三 The decline of the Chinese students' health causes concerns among people. Although not all agree to the solution to inclu

20、de P.E, in the Gaokao, all think measures should be taken to prevent the decline.(W;34)In my opinion, it's unreasonable to include P.E. in theGaokao . While students mayt mean theyspend more time doing physical exercise to prepare for the test, this doesn'will improve their health. On the co

21、ntrary, additional test pressure and excessive exercise may make their health worse. Moreover, it' s unfair to students born with health problemsand to those not gifted in sports.It is often said that“a healthy mind needs a healthy bodiyt.h good health”,yWouhave enough energy to perform at your

22、best. I think the core issue however is how to get students healthier. Besides a test, I think schools should do things such as stop selling the soft drinks and junk food, as well as give students less homework and more time for outdoor activities.例 2： 2013 年韶关市高考模拟测试（一） 读写任务（共 1 小题，满分 25 分） 阅读下面的短文

23、，然后按照要求写一篇 150 词左右的英语短文。A young man was slapped in the face until he bled because he didn' t offer his seat toa woman with a baby on a bus in downtown Hangzhou. Later he was proved to be a disabled person.In a series of cases nationwide, we see people being beaten for refusing to give up their s

24、eats on public transport, which seems to be a moral problem about correct behavior and self-sacrifice.People with moral deficiency （who don ' t give up their seats to deserving people） can be condemned, but they don' t deserve to be treated with violence because they offendmoral values and n

25、ot laws. In comparison, the attackers behave worse.The attackers regard relying on violence as their only choice if people ignore their appeals to give up their seats. It seems they start a shout or a fight for the sake of justice, but can they still think of their personal intention when they call

26、violence justice?This “ violent justice” can confuse many people and encourage them to do the same,especially when we are overpowered by illogical mood.If cruel and rude acts are rooted in children' s hearts, society will never step intocivilization. The practice violates common values, neither

27、solving problems nor safeguarding civilized society.【写作内容】1、以约 30 个词概括短文的要点。2、以约 120 个词谈谈你对这一事件的看法，内容包括：1）读完这则新闻，你有什么感受？2）假如你是车上的一名乘客，你会怎样做？3）就如何创建和谐社会提出你的建议。【写作要求】 你可以使用实例或其它论述方法支持你的论点， 也可以参照阅读材料的内容， 但不要抄袭阅 读材料中的句子。【评分标准】 概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，篇章连贯。第 82 篇 读写任务（韶关一模）The news is about a young disabled man a

28、ttacked on a bus for not offering his seat to a woman with a baby, which leads a debate about who is right and who is wrong.现象（事件），引起的议论。说明文 说明的对象 / 观点 / 现象 解释 / 分述现象，原因、结果（好的或危害），解决办法，说明文 说明的对象 / 观点 / 现象 解释 / 分述说明文的概述规律现象 / 观点，原因、结果（好的或危害，产生的社会反响）；解决办法；呼吁；观点（作者）或人们的看法。提出观点的目的。范文研读分析感悟例 3：第 6 篇 读写任务

29、（优化卷 1） 出国旅游要举止文明 对出国旅游时我们应 该注意什么进行议论。内容包括： With the rapid growth of tourism and a lag in quality of domestic tourists, China is launching a campaign to improve its tourism and overseas image.现象，解决办法例 4：第 15 篇 读写任务（双语报第 5 期）Advertising can help increase the sales of products. The more frequently a c

30、ertain product appears in advertisements, the more famous it becomes. Therefore, the author thinks that powerful advertisements mean high sales.现象/ 观点，原因、结果（好的或危害），解决办法例 5 ：第 4 篇 读写任务（优化卷 2 ）People often blame things on their destinies.In fact, according to the author, it isyour attitude and charact

31、er, rather than destiny, that determine your life. Besides, the author advises us to seek every chance of "good luck" to enjoy life and not worry about destiny.观点， 解释/ 分述，建议 /呼吁例 6：第 12 篇 双语报第三期 读写任务 内容包括 :（1）简述青少年与父母顶嘴的情况 ;（2）列举这些情况所带来的不良影响；（3）青少年摆脱这种情况的重要性和做法。Teenagers want to be indepen

32、dent but fail to express themselves, ending up with talking back or showing disrespect. Children's talking back often makes parents feel hopeless and helpless. Parents should offer support to guide their children properly. （W:37）现象，原因、结果（好的或危害），解决办法第 25 篇 读写任务（周报 18 期）The passage tells us that the art collection market in China is active now, but it is filled with fake products, which has a very bad effect on our domestic market.现象，原因、结果（好的或危害）。第 31 篇 第二节 读写任务 （ 第四次摸底湛江上期）A hospital advertisement appearing in the text books made parents angry and c