成人英语阅读理解练习及答案

1、2014 年成人英语阅读理解练习及答案一Passage 1Questions 1-5 are based on the following passageA great difference between American social customs and those of other countries is the way in which names are used. Americans have little concern for "rank", especially socially. Most Americans do not want to betr

2、eated inany especiallyrespectful waybecause of their age or social rank; it makes them feeluncomfortable.Many Americanseven find the terms "Mr.", "Mrs" or "Miss"too formal.People of allages may preferto be called by their first names. "Don't call me MrsSmith. J

3、ust call me Sally."Using only first names usually indicates friendliness and acceptance. However, if you do not feel comfortable using only first names, it is quite acceptable to be more formal. Just smile and say that after a while you will use firstnames but youare accustomed to being more wh

4、en you first meet someone.Very often, introductions are made using both first and last names: " Mary Smith, this is John Jones." In this situation you are free to decide whether to call the lady "Mary" or "Miss Smith". Sometimes both of you willbegin a conversation usin

5、glast names, and after a while one or both of you may begin using first names instead. You have a choice: if you don't want to use first names so quickly, no one will think it impolite if you continue according to you own custom.1. In the first paragraph the author tells us thatA. Americans do n

6、ot talk about rank, especially sociallyB. Americans feel uncomfortable when talking about rankC. Americans tae interests in social customsD. Americans don't care much about social rank2. According to the passage, most Americans feel when they are treated especially respectfully owing to their ag

7、e or social rank.A. sick B. sorry C. uneasy D. embarrassed3. Which of the following statements in NOT true?A. The way names are used in America is different from those of other countries.B. Many Americans are used to being called by their first names.C. It shows friendliness and kindness to use only

8、 first names.D. When you talk to people in the United States, you have to use their first names.4. If an American lady say "Don't call meMrs Smith, just call me Sally." that showsA. she is not a married womanB. she prefers to be called "Sally"C. she is not Mrs SmithD. she lik

9、es to be more formal5. The passage you've just read would most likely be found in aA. guide-book for touristsB. book about American historyC. noticeD. short storyPASSAGE 1美国与其他国家社会习俗的一个显着不同是名字的使用方式。美国人很少关注" 级别 " ， 特别是在社交方面。多数美国人不想因其年长或者级别高而受到特别的尊敬。这种特别的尊敬会让他们感到局促不安。很多美国人甚至认为称呼" 先生

10、 " 、 " 女士 " 和 " 小姐 " 过于正式。他们无论年长或者年少可能更愿意别人称他们的名字。" 不要称呼我史密斯女士，就叫我萨利好了。" 只称呼名字常常意味着友好和接纳。但是如果只称呼名字你会感到不安，正式一些是完全可以接受的。只要微笑着说过一会儿你会称呼名字，但是第一次见面你习惯于比较正式的称呼。通常介绍时会同时使用姓和名："玛丽史密斯，这位是约翰琼斯。 ”在这种情况下，你可以自由决定称呼这位女士" 玛丽 "还是"史密斯小姐"。你们有时会以称呼对方的姓开始交谈，不久

11、其中一人或两人同时开始称呼名字。你可以选择：如果你不想这么快就称呼名字，没有人会认为你按照自己的习惯继续称呼姓氏是不礼貌的。答案解析：1. D 第一段讲道美国人很少关注"级别 "，特别是在社交方面。多数美国人不想因其年长或者级别高而受到特别的尊敬。这种特别的尊敬会让他们感到局促不安。比较四个选项，D 的意思最准确、最符合原文。2. C 第一段原文提到多数美国人因其年长或者级别高而受到特别的尊敬时会感到局促不安。 所以选C。 "uncomfortable" 在本文中应该理解为" 局促不安的(" ill at ease; uneasy)

12、.3. D 第一段结尾提到如果只称呼名字你会感到不安，正式一些是完全可以接受的。只要微笑着说过一会儿你会称呼名字，但是第一次见面你习惯于比较正式的称呼。所以与美国人谈话并不一定必须(have to )称呼名字。4. B 从引文的上下文中可以推断出"Mrs. Smith" 是比较正式的称呼，而美国人更喜欢直接称呼名字。所以选择B5. A 本文主要介绍美国的社会习俗- 社交场合的称呼，与历史无关、不是通知的形式、更不是短篇小说。所以最可能出现在旅游指南上。Passage 2Questions 6-10 are based the following passageLong bu

13、s rides are like television shows. They have a beginning, a middle, and an end-with commercials thrown in every three or four minutes. The commercials are unavoidable. They happen whether you want them or not. Every couple of minutes a billboard glides by outside the bus window. "Buy Super Clea

14、n Toothpaste." "Drink Good'n Wet Root Beer." "Fill up with Pacific Gas." Only if you sleep, which is equal to turning the television set off, are you spared the unending cry of "You Need It! Buy It Now!"The beginning of the ride is comfortable and somewhat exci

15、ting, even if you've traveled that way before. Usually somethings have changed-new houses, new buildings, sometimes even a new road. The bus driver has a style of driving and it's fun to try to figure it out the first hour or so. If the driver is particularly reckless or daring, the ride can

16、 be as thrilling as a suspense story. Will the driver pass the truck in time? Will the driver move into the right or the left-handlane? Aftera while, of course, the excitement dies down. Sleeping for a while helps pass the middle hours of the ride. Food always makes bus rides more interesting. But y

17、ou've got to be careful of what kind of food you eat. Too much salty food can make you very thirsty between stops.The end of the ride is somewhat like the beginning. You know it will soon be over and there's a kind of expectation and excitement in that. The seat, of course, has become harder

18、 as the hours have passed. By now you've sat with you legs crossed, with your hands crossed behind your head. The end comes just at the right time. There are just no more ways to sit.6. According to the passage, what do the passengers usually see when they are on a long bus trip?A. Buses on the

19、road.B. Films on television.C. Advertisements on the board.D. Gas stations.7. What is the purpose of this passage?A. To give the writer's opinion about long bus trips.B. To persuade you to take a long bus trip.C. To explain how bus trips and television shows differ.D. To describe the billboards

20、along the road.8. The writer of this passage would probably favorA. bus drivers who weren't recklessB. driving aloneC. a television set on the busD. no billboards along the road9. The writer feels long bus rides are like TV shows becauseA. the commercials both on TV shows and on billboards along

21、 the road are funB. they both have a beginning, a middle, and an end, with commercials in betweenC. the drivers are always reckless on TV shows just as they are on busesD. both traveling and watching TV are not exciting10. The writer thinks that the end of the ride is somewhat like the beginning bec

22、ause both areA. exciting B. comfortable C. tiring D. boringPASSAGE2乘坐长途车就如同欣赏电视秀，有开端、有情节、也有结尾，每隔三四分钟插播商业广告。商业广告不可避免。无论是否需要，都会出现。车窗外每几分钟就有商业广告牌闪过。"买超级清洁牙膏" 、 " 喝个痛快就喝无醇饮料" 、 " 充太平洋天然气" 。只有睡觉，如同关掉电视机，才能躲避无休止的叫喊" 你需要这个！现在就买吧！"司机会恰好超过那辆卡 睡一会有助于度过旅途 过于咸的食物能使你在旅程的开始

23、是舒适并且有些兴奋的，即使曾经走过那条路。通常一些事物有变化，新房子、 新建筑、有时甚至新道路。司机有驾驶的风格，在一开始辨认出这种风格是一种乐趣。如果司机横冲直撞、敢于冒险，旅程将如同悬念小说一样惊险刺激。车吗？司机会开左车道还是右车道？当然，不久刺激感渐渐消失了。中间几个小时。食物始终让旅行更有趣味。但是要注意吃哪种食物。站间非常口渴。旅行结尾与开端有些相似。你知道旅程将很快结束，就会产生一种期待和兴奋。座位一定随着时间变得更加坚硬。现在你双腿交叉着坐着，双手交叉垫在脑后。旅程适时结束。恰好没有其他坐姿了。答案解析：6、 C 第一段中介绍了乘客在坐长途车过程中所见的是广告牌。"t

24、he commercials" 是 "商业广告" 的意思;"billboard" 是 " 广告牌 " 的意思，即"advertisements on the board" 。7、 A 全文主要介绍作者对乘车长途旅行的感受。8、 D 第一段作者认为" 商业广告不可避免" 和 " 只有睡觉才能躲避广告" ， 由此可以推断出作者不喜欢沿途的广告牌。9、 B 根据文章第一段第一句和第二句"乘坐长途车就如同欣赏电视秀，有开端、有情节、也有结尾，每隔三四分钟插播商业广

25、告"可知。10、 A 根据文章第二段第一句" 旅程的开始是舒适并且有些兴奋的" 和第三段第二句" 你知道旅程将很快结束，就会产生一种期待和兴奋" 可知。Passage 3Questions 11-15 are based on the following passageNo poem should ever be discussed or "analyzed", until it has been read aloud by someone, teacher or student. Better still, perhaps

26、, is the practice of reading it twice, once at the beginning of the discussion and once at the end, so the sound of the poem is the last thing one hears of it.All discussions of poetry are, in fact, preparations for readingit aloud, and thereading of the poemis, finally, the most telling "inter

27、pretation" of it, suggesting tone, rhythm, and meaning all at once. Hearing a poet read the work in his or her own voice, on records or on film, is obviously a special reward. But even those aids to teaching can not replace the student and teacher reading it or, best of all, reciting it.I have

28、come to think, in fact, that time spent reading a poem aloud is much more important than "analyzing" it, if there isn't time for both. I think one of our goals as teachers of English is to have students love poetry. Poetry is "a criticism of life", "a heightening of life

29、, enjoyment with others". It is "an approach to the truth of feeling", and it "can save your life" It also deserves a place in the teaching of languages and literature more central than it presently occupies.I am not saying that every English teacher must teach poetry. Those

30、 who don't like it should not be forced to put that dislike on anyone else. But those who do teach poetry must keep in mind a few things about its essential nature, about its sound as well as its sense, and they must make room in the classroom for hearing poetry as well as thinking about it.11、

31、According to the passage, to have a better understanding of a poem, the best way isA. to discuss it with othersB. to analyze it by oneselfC. to hear it read outD. to practice reading it aloud12. The recitation of a poetry by the teacher or a student in the classroomA. is the best way to understand i

32、t中 ?华 考 ?试 网B. easily arouses some discussion among the studentsC. helps the teachers to analyse itD. can not take the place of the poet reading it analyse13. According to the author, one of the purposes of teaching English is getting studentsA. to criticize life B. to like poetryC. to enjoy life D.

33、 to teach poetry14. What does the last sentence in the third paragraph imply?A. The teaching of poetry should have been much more stressedB. The teaching of poetry is more important than the teaching of any other subject.C. One cannot enjoy life fully without an understanding of poetry.D. Poetry is

34、the foundation of all languages and literature courses.15. The phrase "make room" in the last paragraph can be best replaced byA. "build a booth" B. "provide equipment"C. "leave a certain amount of time" D. "set aside enough space"PASSAGE 3在教师或者学生朗读之

35、前，绝不应该讨论或者" 分析 " 诗歌。 朗读两次大概更好，一次在讨论开始时，另一次在结尾，这样人们最后听到的是诗歌的朗诵。事实上，讨论诗都是为朗读做准备，并且读诗最终是对诗歌最生动有效的诠释，同时表现出语调、节奏和意义。显而易见，倾听诗人读自己的作品，无论是录音还是录像，都会带来特别的收益。但是即使教学辅助设备也无法取代学生和教师朗读诗，最好能够背诵。我想到事实上如果时间有限，朗读诗的重要性远大于" 分析 " 诗。 我认为作为英语教师，我们的目标之一是使学生热爱诗歌。诗是" 生活的批判" 、 " 生活的升华，与他人的共享。

36、" 诗是 "通往真实情感的道路" ， " 能够拯救生命"。在语言和文学教学中，诗也理应占据比现在更重要的位置。我并不是说每位英语教师必须教授诗歌。己所不欲，勿施于人。但是教授诗歌者必须牢记一些关于诗歌本质、声音和感觉的知识，也必须在课堂留出聆听和思考的时间。答案解析：11、 D 第一段第一句强调朗读诗应置于讨论和" 分析 " 之前， 第二段第一句进一步说讨论诗都是为朗读做准备，并且朗读诗最终是对诗歌最生动有效的诠释。第三段第一句也强调朗读诗的重要性远大于" 分析 " 诗。因此，朗读、讨论、分析三者比较，练

37、习朗读诗是能够更好的理解诗的最好方式。12、 A 第二段最后一句讲即使教学辅助设备也无法取代学生和教师朗读诗，最好能够背诵。由此可以推断出背诵是理解诗的最好方式。13、 B 第三段讲我认为作为英语教师，我们的目标之一是使学生热爱诗歌。所以答案是热爱诗。14、 A 第三段最后一句在语言和文学教学中，诗也理应占据比现在更重要的位置。所以应强调诗歌教学。应选A 注： "stress" 是 " 强调 " 的意思 ( To place emphasis on; emphasize )15、 C "make room for" 本意是"

38、为腾出空位"。此处应理解为在课上安排时间聆听和思考诗歌，即"leave a certain amount of time" 之意。Many of us believe that a person s mind becomes less active as he grows older. But this is not true ， according to Dr Jarvik ， professor of psychiatry at the University of California. She has studied the mental functioni

39、ng of aging persons for several years. For example， one of her studies concerns 136 pairs of identical twins ， who were first examined when they were already 60 years old. As Dr Jarvik continued the study of the twins into their 70s and 80s， their minds did not generally declineas was expected.Howev

40、er，there was some decline in their psycho-motor speed. This means that ittook them longer to accomplish mental tasks than it used to. But when speed was not a factor ， they lost very little intellectual ability over the years. In general，Dr Jarvik s studies have shown that there is no decline in kno

41、wledge or reasoning ability. This is true not only with those in their 30s and 40s， but with those intheir 60s and 70s as well.It is true that older people themselves often complain that their memory is not as good as it once was. However ， much of what we call “ loss of memory” is not that at all.

42、There usually was incomplete learning in the first place. For example， the older person perhaps had trouble hearing ， or poor vision ， or inattention ， or was trying to learn the new thing at too fast a pace. In the cases where the older person s mind really seems to decay ， it is not necessarily a

43、sign of decay due to old age. Often it is simply a sign of a depressed emotional state.passage is mainly about .A) how Dr Jarvik studied mental functioning of the twins.B) what caused mental decay.C) the results evidenced by Dr Jarvik s studies.D) the difference between middle - aged and older perso

44、ns答案：C解析：大意题。本文主要向读者传达了人的记忆和分析能力不是随着年龄的增大而消退，主要是通过。Dr Jarvik 的研究成果来显示的。其它选项不是文章的主旨意思。17. The word “ psychiatry ” in paragraph 1 most probably means A) the study of human behavior.B) the study of disease of the mind.C) the study of problems with aging persons.D) the study of twins growth.答案：B解析：大意题。同

45、上题的解释。主要的是disease of the mind 和年龄的区别。18. A long - term study of 136 pairs of twins showed that.A) they lost a little ability to reason over the years.B) the only factor which declined over the years was their speed with which to perform mental tasks.C) their memory was not as good as it had once bee

46、n.D) their minds became is not considered as they grew older.答案： B解析：细节和推论。文章的第一段最后一句和第2段的前两句都是说明这样的一个实验说明研究结果。即，仅仅和速度有关系，课文的下面部分也相应作了解释。19. Which of the following is not considered as an instanced of“ incompletelearning ”？A) Poor hearing.B) Bad eyesight.C) Lack of attention.D) The attempt to learn

47、too many new things at the same time答案： D解析： 最后一句的中间部分For example， the older person perhaps had trouble hearing ，or poor vision ， or inattention ， or was trying to learn the new thing at too fast a pace没有提到D项的内容。D项仅仅说的是心理原因造成的结果。20. What we call mental decay is usually a sign of .A） a low spirited s

48、tate.B） a worsening state of health.C） old age.D） nervous tension答案： A解析： 细节题。 文章的最后两句都是说明这个问题a sign of a depressed emotional state是说明的mental 因素。Hyperinflation （极度通货膨胀）is defined as an economic condition during whichthere is a steep increase in prices. In accordance with the laws of economics ， thre

49、e factorscombine to create this condition. First ， demand must be much greater thanthe supply of available goods. Second ， the country must continuously create and thereby build up an ever increasing supply of money. Third， the governmentalprocesses that are used to collect taxes must be crippled. L

50、et s imagine a country where production is barely accomplishing its goal to keep up with demand. Whenthis happens， the government should decrease the salariesof the workers by raising taxes.But the government is powerless to collect the taxes， so it prints more money tocompensate for （补偿）the goods i

51、t must purchase. This new money goes to the workerswho produced the goods： as a result ， the people are not forced to give up certain things for a while - they actually become richer. While this might appear to be a positive step ， it is actually regressive. Every month the government is forced to p

52、rint more and more money ， thereby increasing its liabilities（债务）untilit is destroyed. The only way to prevent total economic collapse in such a situation is for the government to increase taxes in a manner that is characterized by impartiality （公正）to everyone involved.大意： 主要是说明了经济的的宏观调控政策比如：调控市场供求关

53、系。或是货币的发行来调节市场。21. Which of the following might occur during hyperinflation？A. A slight increase in prices.B. Rapid growth of economy.C. Decrease of workers salary.D. Soaring prices.答案： D解析：细节题。文章的第一段的第1句 increase in prices是物价飞涨的意思 Soaringprices 的意思和这是一样的。22. The author states that during hyperinfla

54、tion _.A. goods appear to be overabundant.B. the country has to supply more money.C. government may become richer by collecting more taxes.D. people are forced to give up certain things答案： B解析：细节题。问题是通货膨胀的时候应该用什么样的货币政策，Second， the countrymust continuously create and thereby build up an ever increasi

55、ng supply of money 可以知道这道题的答案。23. The passage implies that _.A. hyperinflation is just a passing phase in the economic development.B. people could benefit a lot from hyperinflation.C. hyperinflation is used by a government to raise taxes.D. hyperinflation may cause the downfall of a government.答案： D

56、解析：推论题。文章的第7句可以知道，当出现通货膨胀时候在税收和商品的补偿上政府要付出一定的代价。因而一定产生downfall 下降的效应。24. The word “ regressive ” probably means _.A. harmful. B. negative. C. going back. D. progressive答案： B解析：A是有害的C是倒退，D是进程的意思，B是否定的、反作用的意思， While thismight appear to be a positive step ， it is actually regressive.另外这是个转折句关系，应该和posit

57、ive 相反。Directions: After reading the following passage, you will find 5 questions or unfinished statements, numbered 36 through 40. For each question or statement there are 4 choices marked A ), B), C) or D ) . You should make the correct choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet

58、with a single line through the center.Packaging is a very important form of advertising. A package can sometimes motivate people to buy products. For example, a little child might ask for a breakfast food contained in a box with a picture of a TV character. The child is more interested in the pictur

59、e than in breakfast food. Pictures for children to color or cut out, games printed on a package, or a small giftinside a box also motivate many childrento buy products - or to ask their parents to buy for them.Somepackages suggest that a buyer will get something for nothing.Food productssold in reusable containersare examples of this.Although a similar product in plaincontainer might cost less, people often prefer to buy the product in a reusable glass or dish, because they believe the container is free. However, the cost of the container is added to the cost of t