Rehat Linux 6.3 Oracle 11G R2安装指导手册(纠正字符集)

1、Rehat Linux 6.3 Oracle 11G R2安装指导手册部门： 客户服务部 撰写： 吕玉奎 审核： 批准： 文档状态：草稿日期：2015年07月23日目 录1.1安装操作系统31.2修改/etc /gdm/custom.conf31.3使用xmanager连接linux服务器31.4安装oracle11g所需补丁包41.5创建oracle用户51.6修改配置文件61.6.1修改/etc/sysctl.conf 文件61.6.2修改/etc/security/limits.conf文件71.6.3修改/etc/pam.d/login文件71.6.4修改/etc/profile文件8

2、1.7配置安装目录91.8修改oracle用户的bash shell91.9上传oracle安装包到服务器上101.10解决oracle安装图形界面乱码问题101.11安装数据库软件111.12配置监听191.13创建数据库与数据库实例241.14数据库初始化321.1 安装操作系统操作系统：Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.3 （64bit）注意安装图形化桌面1.2 修改/etc/gdm/custom.conf以root身份执行命令：vi /etc/gdm/custom.conf在xdmcp下面添加 Enable=true修改后重启服务器1.3 使用xmanager连接l

3、inux服务器在客户端安装Xmanager4企业版(免费代码：101210-450789-147200)，安装好后打开打开Xmanager Enterprise 4->Xbrowser选择XDMCP，双击commsoft01 (服务端主机名),输入账号和密码即可在远程操作服务端桌面。1.4 安装oracle11g所需补丁包挂在光盘查看： ls -l /dev | grep cdrom挂载： mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/Redhat的安装光盘上拥有所有的补丁包，进入光盘的Packages目录，以Root身份执行如下命令：rpm -Uvh binutils-2.20.51.0

4、.2-5.34.el6.x86_64.rpmrpm -Uvh compat-libstdc+-33-3.2.3-69.el6.x86_64.rpmrpm -Uvh elfutils-libelf-0.152-1.el6.x86_64.rpmrpm -ivh -nodeps elfutils-libelf-devel-0.152-1.el6.x86_64.rpmrpm -Uvh elfutils-libelf-devel-0.152-1.el6.x86_64.rpmrpm -Uvh -nodeps gcc-4.4.6-4.el6.x86_64.rpmrpm -Uvh libstdc+-4.4.6

5、-4.el6.x86_64.rpmrpm -Uvh libstdc+-devel-4.4.6-4.el6.x86_64.rpmrpm -Uvh gcc-c+-4.4.6-4.el6.x86_64.rpmrpm -Uvh glibc-2.12-1.80.el6.x86_64.rpmrpm -Uvh glibc-common-2.12-1.80.el6.x86_64.rpmrpm -Uvh kernel-headers-2.6.32-279.el6.x86_64.rpmrpm -Uvh glibc-headers-2.12-1.80.el6.x86_64.rpmrpm -Uvh glibc-dev

6、el-2.12-1.80.el6.x86_64.rpm rpm -Uvh ksh-20100621-16.el6.x86_64.rpm rpm -Uvh libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64.rpmrpm -Uvh libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64.rpmrpm -Uvh libgcc-4.4.6-4.el6.x86_64.rpm rpm -Uvh libgomp-4.4.6-4.el6.x86_64.rpm rpm -Uvh libstdc+-4.4.6-4.el6.x86_64.rpmrpm -Uvh libstdc+-devel-4

7、.4.6-4.el6.x86_64.rpmrpm -Uvh make-3.81-20.el6.x86_64.rpmrpm -Uvh sysstat-9.0.4-20.el6.x86_64.rpm rpm -Uvh unixODBC-2.2.14-11.el6.x86_64.rpmrpm -Uvh unixODBC-devel-2.2.14-11.el6.x86_64.rpm可复制一次性执行，执行过程如下图：强行安装后面接 nodeps force1.5 创建oracle用户以Root身份执行如下命令，创建用户和用户组：/usr/sbin/groupadd oinstall/usr/sbin/g

8、roupadd dba/usr/sbin/useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle修改oracle用户的密码passwd oracle输入密码后即完成oracle用户的创建。1.6 修改配置文件1.6.1 修改/etc/sysctl.conf 文件用Root身份执行vi /etc/sysctl.conf在文件的最后面加上如下参数:fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576fs.file-max = 6815744kernel.shmall = 4194304 -共享内存段（KB）/4KB，示例是16G物理内存kernel.shmmax =

9、-物理内存值-1byte，示例是16G物理内存kernel.shmmni = 4096kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500net.core.rmem_default = 262144net.core.rmem_max = 4194304net.core.wmem_default = 262144net.core.wmem_max = 1048586最后用Root执行/sbin/sysctl p保存；1.6.2 修改/etc/security/limits.conf文件以Root身份加上如下

10、参数：oracle soft nproc 2047oracle hard nproc 16384oracle soft nofile 1024oracle hard nofile 655361.6.3 修改/etc/pam.d/login文件以Root身份加上如下配置：session required pam_limits.so1.6.4 修改/etc/profile文件以Root身份加上如下配置：if $USER = "oracle" ; then if $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ; then ulimit -p 16384 ulimit

11、 -n 65536 else ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536 fifi1.7 配置安装目录以Root身份执行如下命令：mkdir -p /opt/commsoft/oracle/-创建oracle数据库的安装路径chown -R oracle:oinstall /opt/commsoft/oracle/-指定文件的拥有者改为指定的用户或组chmod -R 775 /opt/commsoft/oracle/-附加权限1.8 修改oracle用户的bash shell以Root身份修改/home/oracle/.bash_profile，增加如下内容，注意，ypass_scp为o

12、racle数据库的实例名。export ORACLE_BASE=/opt/commsoft/oracle/appexport ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/oracleexport ORACLE_SID=ypassscpexport PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH:$HOME/binexport NLS_LANG='SIMPLIFIED CHINESE_CHINA.ZHS32GB18030'export LANG= zh_CN.GB18030为防止出现乱码必须保证该配置文件中的字符集与/etc/sysconfig/i18n字符集保持一

13、致步骤1 编辑/etc/sysconfig/i18n，删除原有的内容，增加以下内容；LANG="zh_CN.GB18030"LANGUAGE="zh_CN.GB18030:zh_CN.GB2312:zh_CN"SUPPORTED="zh_CN.GB18030:zh_CN:zh:en_US.UTF-8:en_US:en"SYSFONT="lat0-sun16"步骤2 退出telnet工具，重新登陆服务器无法加载桌面输入命令：pkill nautilus 重启桌面1.9 上传oracle安装包到服务器上建议将将安装包存

14、放到oracle用户的目录下。用unzip解压安装包，解压后的文件自动存放在同级目录的database目录下。执行命令解压文件：unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip和unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip1.10 解决oracle安装图形界面乱码问题在Linux下以root身份执行命令，把字体库安装到相应位置mkdir -p /usr/share/fonts/zh_CN/TrueTypecp zysong.ttf /usr/share/fonts/zh_CN/TrueType/zysong.zip 下载地址： 1

15、.11 安装数据库软件打开终端，切换到oracle用户，进入database目录,执行如下命令./runInstaller取消默认的勾选，点击“下一步”按钮。选择“仅安装数据库软件”，点击“下一步”直接点击“下一步”语言选择中文和英文选择“企业版”点击“下一步”Oracle数据的安装目录，直接点击“下一步”直接点击“下一步“直接点击“下一步”检查先决条件，出现检查不通过时；选择全部忽略,进入下一步执行完后点击完成安装企业版oracle数据；执行完“安装程序文件”后即“安装程序文件”前面有绿色的钩，需要等待一段时间，让系统弹出一个提示框，提示框如下：根据提示框中的内容用CRT连接服务器以Root

16、用户执行下面的脚本/opt/commsoft/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh/opt/commsoft/oracle/app/oracle/root.sh遇到暂停直接回车即可完成脚本文件的执行；执行完成后，点击“确定”数据库软件便安装完成。1.12 配置监听打开终端窗口，切换到oracle用户，执行如下命令：Netca，打开界面如下：默认选择“监听程序配置”，点击“下一步”默认选择“添加”，点击“下一步”输入监听程序名，点击“下一步”默认选择“TCP”，点击“下一步”默认使用1521端口，点击“下一步”选择“否”，点击下一步点击“下一步”；点击“完成”，

17、监听程序配置完成。安装完成退出。1.13 创建数据库与数据库实例打开终端窗口，切换到oracle用户，执行如下命令：dbca打开如下窗口点击“下一步”选择“创建数据库”，点击“下一步”选择“一般用途或事务处理”，点击“下一步”输入“全局数据库名”和“SID”，点击“下一步”(默认必须是ypass_scp)直接点击“下一步”选择“所有账户使用同一管理口令”，输入“口令”和“确认口令”，点击“下一步”点击“下一步”点击“下一步”点击“下一步”选择“字符集”，从字符集列表中选择“使用ZHS16GBK-GBK 16位简体中文”，国家字符集选择“UTF8-Unicode 3.0 UTF-8通用字符集，兼

18、容CESU-8”。默认语言“简体中文”，默认地区“中国”；点击“下一步”， 选择“创建数据库”，点击“完成”，弹出界面：点击“确定”等待其全部执行完。注意：此处耗时非常长。1.14 数据库初始化重启机器启动数据库命令： sqlplus /nolog connect / as sysdbaStartup启动监听lsnrctl start创建用户（YPASS_SCP/commsoft） sqlplus /nolog connect / as sysdba执行脚本create temporary tablespace YPASS_TEMPtempfile '/opt/commsoft/ora

19、cle/app/oradata/ypass_scp/ypass_temp.dbf' size 50m autoextend on next 50m maxsize 15480m -20G空间，根据实际情况配置；extent management local; create bigfile tablespace YPASS_DATAlogging datafile '/opt/commsoft/oracle/app/oradata/ypass_scp/ypass_data.dbf' size 1024m autoextend on next 1024m maxsize 8

20、0240m -100G空间，根据实际情况配置；extent management local; -drop the userdrop user YPASS_SCP cascade;- Create the user create user YPASS_SCP identified by "commsoft" default tablespace YPASS_DATA temporary tablespace YPASS_TEMP profile DEFAULT;- Grant/Revoke role privileges grant connect to YPASS_SCP

21、;grant dba to YPASS_SCP;- Grant/Revoke system privileges grant administer any sql tuning set to YPASS_SCP;grant administer database trigger to YPASS_SCP;grant administer resource manager to YPASS_SCP;grant administer sql tuning set to YPASS_SCP;grant advisor to YPASS_SCP;grant alter any cluster to Y

22、PASS_SCP;grant alter any dimension to YPASS_SCP;grant alter any evaluation context to YPASS_SCP;grant alter any index to YPASS_SCP;grant alter any indextype to YPASS_SCP;grant alter any library to YPASS_SCP;grant alter any materialized view to YPASS_SCP;grant alter any outline to YPASS_SCP;grant alt

23、er any procedure to YPASS_SCP;grant alter any role to YPASS_SCP;grant alter any rule to YPASS_SCP;grant alter any rule set to YPASS_SCP;grant alter any sequence to YPASS_SCP;grant alter any sql profile to YPASS_SCP;grant alter any table to YPASS_SCP;grant alter any trigger to YPASS_SCP;grant alter a

24、ny type to YPASS_SCP;grant alter database to YPASS_SCP;grant alter profile to YPASS_SCP;grant alter resource cost to YPASS_SCP;grant alter rollback segment to YPASS_SCP;grant alter session to YPASS_SCP;grant alter system to YPASS_SCP;grant alter tablespace to YPASS_SCP;grant alter user to YPASS_SCP;

25、grant analyze any to YPASS_SCP;grant audit any to YPASS_SCP;grant audit system to YPASS_SCP;grant backup any table to YPASS_SCP;grant become user to YPASS_SCP;grant change notification to YPASS_SCP;grant comment any table to YPASS_SCP;grant create any cluster to YPASS_SCP;grant create any context to

26、 YPASS_SCP;grant create any dimension to YPASS_SCP;grant create any directory to YPASS_SCP;grant create any evaluation context to YPASS_SCP;grant create any index to YPASS_SCP;grant create any indextype to YPASS_SCP;grant create any job to YPASS_SCP;grant create any library to YPASS_SCP;grant create

27、 any materialized view to YPASS_SCP;grant create any operator to YPASS_SCP;grant create any outline to YPASS_SCP;grant create any procedure to YPASS_SCP;grant create any rule to YPASS_SCP;grant create any rule set to YPASS_SCP;grant create any sequence to YPASS_SCP;grant create any sql profile to YP

28、ASS_SCP;grant create any synonym to YPASS_SCP;grant create any table to YPASS_SCP;grant create any trigger to YPASS_SCP;grant create any type to YPASS_SCP;grant create any view to YPASS_SCP;grant create cluster to YPASS_SCP;grant create database link to YPASS_SCP;grant create dimension to YPASS_SCP;

29、grant create evaluation context to YPASS_SCP;grant create external job to YPASS_SCP;grant create indextype to YPASS_SCP;grant create job to YPASS_SCP;grant create library to YPASS_SCP;grant create materialized view to YPASS_SCP;grant create operator to YPASS_SCP;grant create procedure to YPASS_SCP;g

30、rant create profile to YPASS_SCP;grant create public database link to YPASS_SCP;grant create public synonym to YPASS_SCP;grant create role to YPASS_SCP;grant create rollback segment to YPASS_SCP;grant create rule to YPASS_SCP;grant create rule set to YPASS_SCP;grant create sequence to YPASS_SCP;gran

31、t create session to YPASS_SCP;grant create synonym to YPASS_SCP;grant create table to YPASS_SCP;grant create tablespace to YPASS_SCP;grant create trigger to YPASS_SCP;grant create type to YPASS_SCP;grant create user to YPASS_SCP;grant create view to YPASS_SCP;grant debug any procedure to YPASS_SCP;g

32、rant debug connect session to YPASS_SCP;grant delete any table to YPASS_SCP;grant dequeue any queue to YPASS_SCP;grant drop any cluster to YPASS_SCP;grant drop any context to YPASS_SCP;grant drop any dimension to YPASS_SCP;grant drop any directory to YPASS_SCP;grant drop any evaluation context to YP

33、ASS_SCP;grant drop any index to YPASS_SCP;grant drop any indextype to YPASS_SCP;grant drop any library to YPASS_SCP;grant drop any materialized view to YPASS_SCP;grant drop any operator to YPASS_SCP;grant drop any outline to YPASS_SCP;grant drop any procedure to YPASS_SCP;grant drop any role to YPAS

34、S_SCP;grant drop any rule to YPASS_SCP;grant drop any rule set to YPASS_SCP;grant drop any sequence to YPASS_SCP;grant drop any sql profile to YPASS_SCP;grant drop any synonym to YPASS_SCP;grant drop any table to YPASS_SCP;grant drop any trigger to YPASS_SCP;grant drop any type to YPASS_SCP;grant dr

35、op any view to YPASS_SCP;grant drop profile to YPASS_SCP;grant drop public database link to YPASS_SCP;grant drop public synonym to YPASS_SCP;grant drop rollback segment to YPASS_SCP;grant drop tablespace to YPASS_SCP;grant drop user to YPASS_SCP;grant enqueue any queue to YPASS_SCP;grant execute any

36、 class to YPASS_SCP;grant execute any evaluation context to YPASS_SCP;grant execute any indextype to YPASS_SCP;grant execute any library to YPASS_SCP;grant execute any operator to YPASS_SCP;grant execute any procedure to YPASS_SCP;grant execute any program to YPASS_SCP;grant execute any rule to YPAS

37、S_SCP;grant execute any rule set to YPASS_SCP;grant execute any type to YPASS_SCP;grant export full database to YPASS_SCP;grant flashback any table to YPASS_SCP;grant force any transaction to YPASS_SCP;grant force transaction to YPASS_SCP;grant global query rewrite to YPASS_SCP;grant grant any objec

38、t privilege to YPASS_SCP;grant grant any privilege to YPASS_SCP;grant grant any role to YPASS_SCP;grant import full database to YPASS_SCP;grant insert any table to YPASS_SCP;grant lock any table to YPASS_SCP;grant manage any file group to YPASS_SCP;grant manage any queue to YPASS_SCP;grant manage fi

39、le group to YPASS_SCP;grant manage scheduler to YPASS_SCP;grant manage tablespace to YPASS_SCP;grant merge any view to YPASS_SCP;grant on commit refresh to YPASS_SCP;grant query rewrite to YPASS_SCP;grant read any file group to YPASS_SCP;grant restricted session to YPASS_SCP;grant resumable to YPASS_SCP;grant s