高中英语 Unit2 Robots Period 7优秀教案 新人教版选修7[1]

1、Period 7Speaking，Listening and Writing TaskTeaching goals1Talk about different types of robots by using expressions of supposition and belief.2Listen to three people talking about robot pets.3Write a diary from the robot pet's point of view.Teaching proceduresStep 1Speaking taskAsk students to u

2、se their imagination in groups to discuss the types of robots that could be used in the future.Guide them to use the expressions below in the discussion.Sample：Robots can be found in the manufacturing industry，the military，space exploration，transportation，and medical applications.Well，for my conclus

3、ion I_guess that robots are the way of the future and will be used on a daily use without being controlled remotely or by a person.I_think there will be different robots for different uses.Some will be used for law enforcement and others will be used for constructive uses only.Others will be buildin

4、g cars，and the rest will be building the new schools we learn in and the houses we live in.Step 2Listening task1Before listening，ask students to look at the pictures of these robot pets on Page 59.In pairs，answer the following questions.(1)What kinds of animal do you think they are?(2)Would you like

5、 to own one？Which one？Give reasons.(3)Do you think having a robot as a pet is a good idea？Give reasons.Various answers are possible.Through asking students questions about the pictures，make sure students understand the following words they will hear in the listening text：wag，pat，flippers，purr and hi

6、ss.2Listen to Amanda，Victoria and Jamie talking about robot pets.Look at the pictures again and match them with the robots' names.Aibo _Furby_Paro_Tama_Keys：Aibo Picture_2Furby Picture_1Paro Picture_3Tama Picture_43Ask students to fill in as much of the table on Page 60 as they can.Then listen t

7、o the first part of the discussion again and complete the table.Compare their answers with their partners.NameType of animalWhat it can doRobot 1Robot 2Robot 3Robot 4Suggested answers：NameType of animalWhat it can doRobot 1AiboDogCan walk，sit，lie down and wag its tail.Learns the name you give it and

8、 can answer when you call it.Develops its own personality.Can learn about 50 commands.Robot 2FurbyNot stated but looks like a bigeared birdLikes being patted.Speaks his own language，then gradually switches to English the more time you spend with him.Robot 3ParoSealCan open and close its eyes and mov

9、e its flippers.Robot 4TamaCatCan recognize her own name.Purrs when patted.If you hit her she will give you an angry hiss.Gradually her behaviour changes and she develops her own personality.4.Listen to the second part of the discussion again.Tick the correct box for each question.AmandaVictoriaJamie

10、1.Who doesn't understand why someone would want a robot as a pet？2.Who believes that robot pets are just toys？3.Who thinks that if someone thinks of the robot as a pet，then it is a pet？4.Who believes that you can make a robot happy？5.Who thinks that robot pets would be good for people who are un

11、able to have a live pet？Keys：AmandaVictoriaJamie1.Who doesn't understand why someone would want a robot as a pet？2.Who believes that robot pets are just toys？3.Who thinks that if someone thinks of the robot as a pet，then it is a pet？4.Who believes that you can make a robot happy？5.Who thinks tha

12、t robot pets would be good for people who are unable to have a live pet？Step 3Writing task1First ask students to imagine he or she is a robot pet which belongs to a child.(1)Think about what kind of child you belong to.Is it a boy or a girl？What is the child like？Is the child kind or not？Is the chil

13、d sick or in good health?(2)What kind of robot pet are youAibo，Furby，Paro or Tama?2Write about one day in his/her life in his/her diary.Remember to write from the robot pet's point of view and remember to follow these steps.(1)Collect their ideas in pairs or groups.(2)Write down the main ideas a

14、nd supporting details.Here is an example.(3)Write the diary entry，paying attention to the use of conjunctions in their writing.MorningAfternoonOwnerPetOwnerPet·got up in bad mood·carried me by tail·knocked me onto the floor·left me at home·angry·hissed at owner·his

15、sed more·had a peaceful time later·got home after school·seemed happier·was nice to me·patted me·promised to take me to the park tomorrow·wagged tail·couldn't stop purring·loved the idea/was happy·wished he/she were always like that.Step 4Homewor

16、kWrite a diary from the robot pet's point of view.A sample：SunnyWednesdayI am very happy today，because this is the first day that I has spent with my owner，Susan.Susan is a 6yearold sick girl.She cannot go out with other children because of her poor health.So her parents bought me as her compani

17、on.There are different types of robot pets in the store.Her mom preferred the sealtype robot，while her dad thought the lovely dog would be a good companion.But Susan loves kitty very much.She insisted on having me as her companion.So they chose me.The shop assistant told them I have more than just e

18、ntertainment value，offering companionship and a variety of other services to the sick.A network system will enable me to speak to the children in a natural way，especially to children who are sick，and this will make them more comfortable.I can be connected via cell phone or ISDN line to a network sys

19、tem center，allowing health workers or parents to send medical information and encouraging messages to the sick.I'm endowed with 100 phrases，ranging from the lighthearted (“Today is the karaoke party.Let's sing a lot.”) to more practical information (“It is three o'clock.It is time to hav

20、e medicine.”)Susan smiled a lot and her parents said she has never spent a happier day.I am happy too because I've brought pleasure to her.一、本单元课文注释与疑难解析1Claire didn't want the robot in her house，especially as her husband would be absent for three weeks，but Larry persuaded her that the robot

21、 wouldn't harm her or allow her to be harmed.克莱尔不想家里有个机器人，尤其是她丈夫要离家三个星期，可是克莱尔被拉里说服了。他说，机器人不会伤害她，也不会允许她受到任何伤害。(1)absent adj.a缺席的，不在场的 (from) Three members of the class were absent this morning.今天早晨该班有三人缺席。He is absent on business.他因事缺席。He is absent from Hong Kong.他不在香港。b缺少的，不存在的Snow is absent in

22、his country.他的国家不下雪。c茫茫然的，心不在焉的He looked at me in an absent way.他茫然地望着我。He had an absent look on his face.他脸上露出心不在焉的神色。vt.不在；缺席Why did you absent yourself from school yesterday?昨天你为何不到校？absent 的反义词是present“出席的，在场的”How many people were present at the meeting?到会的有多少人？(2)persuade vt.a说服，劝服(into/out of)

23、/(sb.to do sth.)She persuaded me into buying it.她说服我买下了它。The salesman persuaded us to buy his product.那个推销员说服了我们买他的产品。He persuaded her to go to school，even though she did not want to.即使她不想去上学，他还是说服她去。b使某人相信 (of)/(that)How can I persuade you of my sincerity?我怎样才能使你相信我的诚意呢？We worked hard to persuade t

24、hem that we were genuinely interested in the project.我们想尽办法以使他们相信我们确实对这一计划感兴趣。2She cried out “Tony” and then heard him declare that he didn't want to leave her the next day and that he felt more than just the desire to please her.她大叫一声“托尼”，接着她就听到托尼郑重地说，明天他不想离开她，并且他并不满足于仅仅使她开心。(1)declare vt.a宣布，宣

25、告；声明(that) to make known formally or officiallyThe new Congress declared a state of war with Germany.新的国会向德国宣战了。b宣称；断言(that)The accused man declared himself innocent.被告声称他是无罪的。She declared that she didn't want to see him again.她宣称再也不愿见他了。I declared at the meeting that I did not support him.我在会上声

26、明我不支持他。c申报(纳税品等)I have nothing to declare.我没什么要申报的。Note：declare：宣告，宣布formally announce(sth.)For example：I would like to declare my love for you.announce：宣布 to make(sth.)known publiclyFor example：If I have a birthday party，I want to announce it to my friends.(2)more thana后面跟名词，意为“不只是，不仅仅是”。例如： Kate w

27、as more than a teacher.She also did what she could to take care of her pupils.凯特不仅仅是位教师，她还尽其所能照顾她的学生。 Modern science is more than a large amount of information. 现代科学不仅仅是大量的信息。My trip to Beijing is more than sightseeing.我去北京不仅仅是观光。bmore than与数词连用，意思是“多于，大于，超过”。例如：I have known him for more than twenty

28、 years.我认识他已超过二十年了。More than ten policemen turned up at the spot where the accident happened.十多位警察出现在出事地点。cmore than与形容词和分词连用，表示“非常，十分”。例如：They were more than happy to see us come back from the expedition.看到我们远征而归，他们异常高兴。I was more than surprised to see the lion standing at the body.看到那头狮子站在尸体旁边，我非常

29、惊讶。I am more than happy to accept your invitation.我很高兴接受你的邀请。dmore than与动词连用，对动词起着加强语气的作用。例如：Repeated advertising will more than increase product sales.多次做广告意味着增加产品的销售。His progress in English learning more than encouraged him to learn the subject well.在英语学习方面的进步激励他学好这门课程。emore than和含有情态动词的句子连用，有否定意义

30、，表示“是难以”或“超过了所能”之义。例如：The beauty of the mountainous country is more than I can describe.我难以描述那个山村的美丽。This problem is more than a child like Jack can settle.这一问题超出了像杰克这样的小孩的解决能力。拓展no more than意思是“仅仅，不过，只是”。例如：All his education added up to no more than one year.他所接受的所有的学校教育只有一年。Their new flat has no m

31、ore than 60 square meters.他们的新居只有60平方米。not more than表示“至多，不超过”，例如：Lying on the ground was a schoolboy of not more than seventeen.躺在地上的那个男学生最多十七岁。3It was when Asimov was eleven years old that his talent for writing became obvious.正是阿西莫夫11岁时，他的写作天赋明显显露出来。该句使用了强调句型It was.that.强调了时间状语从句when Asimov was e

32、leven years old。talent n.a天资，天赋；才能 (for)He had a talent for music.他有音乐天赋。My sister has a talent for drawing.我妹妹有画画的天赋。b天才，有才能的人们She is a new diving talent.她是一个新的跳水天才。The company makes good use of its talent.该公司很好地发挥了内部人才的作用。4It was disturbing and frightening that he looked so human.机器人如此通人性，这使她觉得心烦和

33、害怕。It是形式主语，that引导的句子是这个句子的主语，that从句叫主语从句。It放在句首，真正的主语放在后面，这是英语的一种常见结构。It was clear that Claire had fallen in love with Tony.很显然，克莱尔已爱上了托尼。It seems unlikely that she will refuse the offer.看上去她不太可能拒绝给她的帮助。带有that从句的先行词结构有以下几种不同的搭配关系：(1)Itbeadj.that clause.It is certain that William will do well in his

34、exam.威廉肯定会考得很好。It is absurd that he believes the number 13 has brought him the bad luck.他认为是13这个数字给他带来了厄运，这太可笑了。在表示建议、命令、要求等意义的It结构中，that从句的谓语动词常常用(should)do 的形式。It is said that he (should) go there without delay.他最好马上去那里。It is important that we (should) be here by the weekend.周末我们得在这里，这很重要。在表示惊讶、喜悦

35、、遗憾等意义的It结构中，that从句的谓语动词也常用这种形式。It isn't amazing that they should have decided to divorce.他们已经决定离婚，这并不令人吃惊。It is regrettable that Tom should leave so soon.真遗憾汤姆这么快就要离开了。(2)Itben.(or noun phrase)that clause.It is a great pleasure that she is well again and can go to her office.她身体恢复了，可以去上班了，这真让人高

36、兴。It is a pity that she should refuse to accept this suggestion.真遗憾她拒绝了这个建议。(3)Itbev.edthat clause.It is said that Isaac will accompany his parents to visit Europe.据说艾莎克将陪父母去欧洲访问。It is suggested that each children should sing a song in English at the party.建议每个学生都得在晚会上唱支英文歌。(4)It seems/happens.that

37、clause.It seems that they are in urgent need of help.好像他们现在急需帮助。It happens that the prettiest birds are the worst singers.很碰巧，最漂亮的鸟是最差的歌手。要注意的是这种结构与强调结构的区别。试比较：It was Tony that managed to help her in time.是托尼及时设法帮助了她。It was then that Claire realized that Tony had opened the curtains of the front win

38、dow.也就在这时候，克莱尔才意识到托尼早就把前边窗户的窗帘拉开了。5So Claire borrowed a pile of books from the library for him to read，or rather，scan.于是，克莱尔从图书馆借了一堆书给托尼阅读，或者说给他浏览一下。(1)a pile of/piles ofa lot ofThere were a pile of magazines on the desk.桌子上有一堆杂志。I've got piles of work to do this evening.今天晚上我有一大堆工作要做。(2)or rath

39、er：a way of correcting something you have said，or making it more exact.He lives in London，or rather，in the suburbs of London.他住在伦敦，更准确地说是在伦敦郊区。You have to be sixteen for cheap ticketsor rather under sixteen.你得是16岁才能买便宜的票，更准确地说是16岁以下。6.you cannot have women falling in love with machines.总不能让女人爱上机器。这句

40、话的结构是haven.doing，have的意思是cause sb.to do，它与havesb.do结构的意思有时略有不同，前者讲的是过程，后者叙述的是当时的情况。As soon as I got there，I tried to have John find me a house.我一到那里，就试着让约翰给我找房子。She had us all laughing at her jokes.她的笑话让我们大笑。另外，在haven.doing结构中，如果have用作否定时，其意思是not permit or allow。I can't have you going everywhere

41、 and doing nothing all day.我不能让你整天无所事事地东游西逛。7Asimov had both an extraordinary imagination that gave him the ability to explore future worlds and an amazing mind with which he searched for explanations of everything，in the present and the past.阿西默夫不仅有超凡的想象力，使他能对未来世界进行探索，而且还有着惊人的智力，使他对现在的和过去的各种事物作出解释。

42、这个句子稍微有点复杂，现简要地分析一下：Asimov had both an extraordinary imagination and an amazing mind是这个句子的重要部分，动词不定式to explore future worlds修饰ability，with which引导的定语从句修饰an amazing mind。with which是“介词which (whom)”的结构，其介词的选择受到一定的限制：或与前面的名词搭配有关(本句就是这样)，或与后面的动词或者词组搭配有关。He seemed to be looking for the words with which h

43、e could express what he was thinking about.他好像正在找能表达他想法的词语。The car，for which I paid a lot of money，is now out of date.我花很多钱买的这辆小汽车现在过时了。二、文化背景知识RobotA robot can be defined as a programmable，selfcontrolled device consisting of electronic，electrical，or mechanical units.More generally，it is a machine t

44、hat functions in place of a living agent.Robots are especially desirable for certain work functions because，unlike humans，they never get tired；they can endure physical conditions that are uncomfortable or even dangerous；they can operate in airless conditions；they do not get bored by repetition；and t

45、hey cannot be distracted from the task at hand.The concept of robots is a very old one yet the actual word “robot” was invented in the 20th century from the Czechoslovakian word robot or robotic meaning slave，servant，or forced labor.Robots don't have to look or act like humans but they do need t

46、o be flexible so they can perform different tasks.Early industrial robots handled radioactive material in atomic labs and were called master/slave manipulators.They were connected together with mechanical linkages and steel cables.Remote arm manipulators can now be moved by push buttons，switches or

47、joysticks.Current robots have advanced sensory systems that process information and appear to function as if they have brains.Their “brain” is actually a form of computerized artificial intelligence (AI)AI allows a robot to perceive conditions and decide upon a course of action based on those condit

48、ions.A robot can include any of the following components：effectors“arms”，“legs”，“hands”，“feet” sensorsparts that act like senses and can detect objects or things like heat and light and convert the object information into symbols that computers understand computerthe brain that contains instructions

49、 called algorithms to control the robot equipmentthis includes tools and mechanical fixtures Characteristics that make robots different from regular machinery are that robots usually function by themselves，are sensitive to their environment，adapt to variations in the environment or to errors in prio

50、r performance，are taskoriented and often have the ability to try different methods to accomplish a task.Robot Timeline 270BC an ancient Greek engineer named Ctesibus made organs and water clocks with movable figures.1818Mary Shelley wrote “Frankenstein” which was about a frightening artificial life

51、form created by Dr.Frankenstein.1921The term “robot” was first used in a play called “R.U.R.” or “Rossum's Universal Robots” by the Czech writer Karel Capek.The plot was simple：man makes robot then robot kills man!1941Science fiction writer Isaac Asimov first used the word “robotics” to describe

52、 the technology of robots and predicted the rise of a powerful robot industry.1942Asimov wrote “Runaround”，a story about robots which contained the “Three Laws of Robotics”：A robot may not injure a human，or，through inaction，allow a human being to come to harm.A robot must obey the orders by human be

53、ings except where such orders would conflict with the First Law.A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the First or Second Law.1948“Cybernetics”，an influence on artificial intelligence research was published by Norbert Wiener.1956George Devol and Jos

54、eph Engelberger formed the world's first robot company.1959Computerassisted manufacturing was demonstrated at the Servomechanisms Lab at MIT.1961The first industrial robot was online in a General Motors automobile factory in New Jersey.It was called UNIMATE.1963The first artificial robotic arm to be controlled by a computer was designed.The Rancho Arm was designed as a tool for the handicapped and its six joints gav