(完整版)英语语法第一轮复习---数词

1、Unit 4数词本卷第3页(共6页) 山东世纪金榜书业有限公司知识要点:i.掌握基数词、序数词、分数词、倍数、百分数、年月日、钟点、年龄、序号的基本用法。2.掌握不定数量词、约数词的表达方法。(一)基数词：表示数目的词为基数词，它的构成如下表:范围特点实 例112无规律one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve1319以teen为结尾thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen2090以ty结尾twen

2、ty, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety2199十位与个位之间要加连字符-"twenty-five, sixty-five, ninety-nine101999百位与叶位之间通常用andthree hundred and twenty-five （美语中常将 and 省略）以上6275six thousand two hundred and seventy-five; 1200twelvehundred(二)序数词：表示顺序的数词为序数词，它的构成如下表:实 例加其中七个例外：first, second, thi

3、rd, fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth, forth, six sixth, nineteen nineteenthethtwentieth, fortieth, ninetieth用序数词，其余用基数词21st twenty-first, 110th one hundred and tenth(三)、分数的表达方式(1)分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于1时，分母用复数。如：one-third三分之一，three-sevenths 七分之三。(2)分子与分母之间加in,分子在前，分母在后，分子分母都用基数词。如： one in ten十分之一， five in

4、eight 八分之五。(3)分子与分母之间加 out of ,分子在前，分母在后，分子分母都用基数词。如： one out of ten十 分之一，five out of eight 八分之五。(四)、百分数和小数的的表示法(1)表示百分数直接将数词放在单词percent前面即可，如：twenty percent百分之二十。(2)分数和百分数后面不能直接接名词或代词，而用以下形式：分数 /百分数 +of +冠词/限定 词+名词/代词，其谓语动词与 of后的名词在人称和数上保持一致，如：Two-thirds of the money was spent on food.About seventy

5、 percent of the earth surface is covered by water.(3)小数的表示法，小数点前的总值发同其他数词一样，小数点用point,小数点后面的数读成个位数，如：9.65 表示为 nine point six five 。 218.39 表示为 two hundred and eighteen point three nine 。(五)数词的用法：示例2001. 6. 307: 25 12:549:15 2:301.英语中年月日、点钟、序数词、分数词、算式列表 英语表示法June 30,200130June,2001 30thJune,2001 seve

6、n twenty-five twenty-five past even twelve fifty four six to one nine fifteen a quarter past nine two thirty half past two21:50twenty-one fifty 9:50p.m.第21twenty-first第123one hundred and twenty-third纪a half5two and two-fifths20%20 per cent 20 percent第七路公共汽车Bus Number Seven第201房间Room 201人民路153号153 Re

7、nmin Road4+8 =12Four plus eight is twelve11-7=4Eleven minus seven is four.6X 5=30Six times five is thirty.20+5=4twenty divided by five is four.A>BA is more than B.AV BA is less than B.A=BA is approximately ( 近似地,大约)equals toB.AWBA is not equal to B.2.约数表示法列表含义英语表达例句大于杲数more thanHe has lived here

8、for more than twenty years.overshe is over fifty.or moreThere 're thirty people or more in the meeting-room.小于某数less thanI have less than (not more than )fifty dollars.underChildren under seven are not allowed to enter.belowHe would not sell it for below a hundred fifty dollars.or lessThe coat m

9、ight cost him sixty dollars or less.大约（某数）nearlyShe is nearly fifty now.almostIts almost three o'clock.up toUp to ten men can sleep in this tent.orHe spent four or five days writing the article.or soThe distance is twenty miles or so.aboutI visited that village about three years ago.someTheir te

10、am has some four or five players.The container can hold more or less twenty pounds ofmore or lesswater.around/roundLet's make it round/around eight o'clock.3.不定数量词“多”的表示法列表被修饰名词的数英语表达汉译修饰可数名词dozens of几十、许多scores of许多many, a good(great) many, many a ( 饰单数可数名 词)许多、大量hundreds of数以百计thousands of

11、 ,thousands upon thousands of成千上万millions of数白力billions of亿万修饰/、可数名词much , a great (good)deal of , a large amount of ,large amounts of许多、大量修饰可数名词或不可数名a lot of /lots of ,plenty of, a large quantity of , 许多 大量词large quantities of4、序号表示法(1)单纯的序号，可在基数词前加number,简写为No.。如：No.1第一号(2)事物名词的序号表达法有什所不同：对于一些小序号可

12、有序数词也可用基数词表达，形式分别为：the +序漱，+名词；名词+基数词。如：第一次世界大战可以表示为the First World War 或 World War One 。对于一些大序号我们通常只用一种表达法，即名词 +数词。如：501号房间表示为 Room 501,538 路公共汽车表示为 Bus 538。可用a / the + number + 基数词 +名词。如：a No.5 bus 一辆五路公共汽车，the No.8 bus那辆8 路公共汽车。5、倍数的表达方式一般情况下我们用以下三种倍数表达方式：(1)倍数用在as +形容词/副词(原级)+ as结构之前。如：They have

13、 three times as many cows as we do.(2)倍数放在形容词或副词的比较级之前.This rope is four times longer than that one.(3)倍数用在表示度量名词前，其基本结构为：倍数+ the + size / length / weight of +表制匕较对象的名词如：This room is three times the size of that one.You can ' t imagine that rats eat 40 to 50 times their weight. 注意：用ten、dozen、sco

14、re、hundred > thousand > million等数词的复数后加 of短语来表示几十、几百、 上千、成千上万等大约数概念。The little boy buys dozens of pencils every term.dozen、score、hundred、thousand > million 作数词表示确切数量时，不用复数。 如：three score, five dozen,seven million 等。例题：1.people in the world are sending information by E-mail every day. A.Seve

15、ral millionB.Many millions C.Several millions D.Many million2. The number of people invited fifty, but a number of them absent for different reasons.A.were ; wasB.was ; wasC.was ; wereD.were ; were3. Shortly after the accident, two police were sent to the sport to keep order .(NMET92)A.dozens ofB.do

16、zensC.dozenD.dozen of数词练 习1. Two _died of cold last winter.A. hundreds old peopleC. hundreds old peoples2. He was only in_ at the time.A. his 20'sB. the 20'sB. hundred old peopleD. hundred old peoplesC. his twenties D. the twenties3. The two great men wrote those letters in_ .A. 1870'sB.

17、 1879s4. I wonder if I can ask him_ time.A. fourB. fourth5. He came out_ in the track events.A. firstB. one6. It was in 1939 that _broke out.C. the 1870'sC. the fourthC. the firstA. World War Second B. the World War SecondD. the 1870D. a fourthD. the oneC. Second World WarB. You'll have to s

18、pend _writing your report here.A. one day or two days B. one day or twoC. a day or twoD. World War IID. two days or one8. He cut the cake_A. in halvesC. in halfD. into halvesE. into half9. The earth is nearly_ the moon.A. 50 time the size ofB. 50 times the size of C. 50 times as size as D. 50 times

19、as that of10. Either you or the headmaster _the prizes for these gifted students at the meeting.A. is handing inB. are to hand outC. are handing inD. is to hand out11. _of the population here are peasants.A. 20 percentsB. 20 percentC. the 20 percent D. the 20 percents12. It's about_ , the thickn

20、ess of a human hair.A. two-fifteenthB. two-fifteenths C. two fifteenD. two fifteens13. The price of such material was reduced_ .A. by 18 percentB. to 18 percent C. at 18 percentD. for 18 percent14. South of the equator, 81 percent of the surface of the earth_A. isB. areC. waswater.D. were15. They so

21、ld _boxes of such sweets last week.A. four dozenB. four dozensC. four dozens ofD. four dozen of16. It took me _ days to finish drawing a beautiful horse.A. a half dozenB. half a dozenC. haft dozensD. half dozen17._people were sent there to help fight against the flood.A. Three scores of B. Three sco

22、re ofC. Three scoreD. Three scores18. Don't leave you work,_ .A. done halfB. half doneC. a half doneD. done a half19. Nobody can do two things well _ .A. at one timeB. at onceC. one timeD. once20. He has_ books in his study.A. several thousandsB. some thousands of C. some thousandsD. some thousa

23、nd of21. On National day_ people take part in all kinds of celebration.A. hundreds of millions ofC. hundreds millions ofB. millions of hundred ofD. millions hundreds of22. He has lived at_ for 30 years.A. No. 101 Heping Street B. 10123. You can find him in_ .A. Room 201B.201 RoomHeping Street C. Hep

24、ing Street 101C. the Room 20D. the 201D. Heping street No. 101Room24. It's_ walk from here to my school.A. two - hoursB. two hoursC. two - hourD. a two - hour25. It was in_ when he was already inthat he went to Yan'an.A. the 1940s, the 40s B. the 1940s, his forties C. 1940's, his forties

25、D. the 1940's, his 40s26. He went to the market and bought _eggs and some meat.A. three dozen of B. three dozenC. three dozensD. three dozens of27.Shortly after the accident two _police were sent to the spot to keep order.A. dozen ofB. dozensC. dozenD. dozens of28.Mr Smith _me to buy several _eg

26、gs for the dinner.A. asked, dozenB. suggested, dozens ofC. had, dozen D. persuaded, dozens of29.of the land in that district _covered with trees and grass.A. Two fifth, isB. Two fifth, areC. Two fifths , isD. Two fifths, are30.Two _died of cold last winter.A. hundreds old peopleC. hundred old people

27、s31.It is not rare in _that people in _A.90s,theB. the 90s, /B. hundred old peopleD. hundred old peoplesfifties are going to university for further education.C.90s, theirD. the 90s, their32.-Have you seen many sheep in the distance ?-Yes,A. thousand of themB. two thousands of themC. two thousand of

28、themD. two thousand them本卷第4页（共6页）山东世纪金榜书业有限公司精典名题导解1 .解析：答案为A。本题考查的是 million表示确切数量的用法。million前需用数表确切数量，而不用many这类词，但可说 many millions of （上百万的）故本题中用 Several million 。2 .解析：答案为 Co本题考查的是the number of + 名词与a number of +名词作主语时谓语的单复数问 题。the number of是"的数目"，作主语时谓语动词用单数，而 a number of后接可数名词的复数形式，作主

29、语时谓语动词用复数形式，故此题最佳选项为Co3 .解析：答案为 C。此题考查的是数词 dozen表示确切数量时的用法，dozen表示确切数量时用其单数形式，当dqzens的复数后接of时则表示不确切数量，本题答案为C。数词练习题答案1. B 2. C表示"几十”的数字的复数与所有格代词一起来用以表示人的年龄，本句为 "二十多岁”。3. C定冠词"the”和数的复数形式在一起表示年代。4. D序数词前面加不定冠词表示"又一次"（已经四次了）5. A这里"first”有人说起副词作用，可以看成表语，也可以看做一种"取得第一名”的

30、习惯用法。6. D序数词和名词共同构成的专有名词还可以是thc Second World War的形式。7. C只有C项为正确的表达方式，或者也可以写成"one or two days",再如：one hour and a half或oneand a half hours .8. B "in half" 表示"分成一样大小的两半 "。也可以说"cutin two"9. B 再如 twice the height（depth , width , weight , etc. ）of10. D eitheror连接主语用

31、就近原则。be to hand out the prizes 意为"要颁发奖品"。11. 答案为Bo百分比作修饰语，前面不加冠词且不能加复数。12. 答案为Bo分数做定语，分子用基数词，分母为序数词，当分子大于1时，分母用复数，本题中，其它表达方式均不正确。13. 答案为Ao表增加或减少的数量的百分比，用by+百分数表示。14. 答案为A。不可数的名词的百分比用单数；可数名词的百分比则用复数。C项时态不对，另如：90 percentof the population here are peasents . 这个句子中 population 的意思是 people .15. 答案为Ao "dozen"与数词或many , several等词连用时复数一般不加 s,故B、C两项不选。此外， dozen与数词连用做定语，一般也不加of.当然也有例外：Place them in doz