Unit13语法过去分词情态动词

1、Unit13 People问题生成拓展单课题：过去分词用法及情态动词表推测设计人：王新灿 审核人：王子敬 序号：班级： 姓名： 组名： 时间：学习目标：1、认真学习掌握过去分词在句中的用法。 2、注意掌握现在分词与过去分词的区别。 3、熟悉并掌握过去分词表推测的用法。1) 作表语：She felt confused, and even frightened. They were very pleased with the girl. 2) 作定语：She has a pleased look on her face.The teacher gave us a satisfied smile.3

2、)作状语：Seen from the hill, the city looks magnificent.They came in, followed by some children.4)作宾补：过去分词也同样可以作宾语的补语， 接在某些动词后面I will have the clothes washed tomorrow.When they get back home, they found the room robbed.现在分词和过去分词的区别：现在分词和过去分词主要差别在于：现在分词表示“主动和进行”，过去分词表示“被动和完成”(不及物动词的过去分词不表示被动，只表示完成)。分词可以有

3、自己的状语、宾语或逻辑主语等。1) 分词作状语分词在句子中作状语，可以表示时间、条件、原因、结果、让步、伴随等。分词做状语时，它的逻辑主语与句子的主语一致。作状语的分词相当于一个状语从句。2) 分词在句子中作状语，使用何种分词，要取决于分词与句子主语的关系：主谓关系用现在分词，动宾或被动关系用过去分词。3) 分词作定语时，单个的分词通常放在被修饰的名词之前，分词短语一般置于所修饰的中心词后面。现在分词修饰的是发出该动作的名词(即与名词有主谓关系)，过去分词修饰承受该动作的名词(即与名词是动宾关系)。同步练习1. He looked around and caught a man _ his h

4、and into the pocket of a passenger. A. put B. to be putting C. to put D. putting 2. Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriage _ the girl and took her away, _ into the woods. A. seizing; disappeared B. seized; disappeared C. seizing; disappearing D. seized; disappearing3. A cook will be immediat

5、ely fired if he is found _ in the kitchen. A. smoke B. smoking C. to smoke D. smoked4. Though _ money, his parents managed to send him to university. A. lacked B. lacking of C. lacking D. lacked in5. In some parts of London, missing a bus means _ for another hour. A. waiting B. to wait C. wait D. to

6、 be waiting6. _ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river. A. Having suffered B. Suffering C. To suffer D. Suffered7. The bell _ the end of the period rang, _ our heated discussion. A. indicating; interrupting B. indicated; interrupting C. indicating; interrupted D.

7、indicated; interrupted8. _ from heart trouble for years, Professor White has to take some medicine with him wherever he goes. A. Suffered B. Suffering C. Having suffered D. Being suffered9. He sent me an E-mail, _ to get further information.A. hoped B. hoping C. to hope D. hope10. The _ boy was last

8、 seen_ near the East Lake. A. missing; playing B. missing; play C. missed; played D. missed; to play11. The picture _ on the wall is painted by my nephew. A. having hung B. hanging C. hangs D. being hung12. "We can ' t go out in this weather," said Bob, _ out of the window. A. looking

9、B. to look C. looked D. having looked13. Don't leave the water _ while you brush your teeth. A. run B. running C. being run D. to run14. More and more people are signing up for Yoga classes nowadays, _ advantage of the health and relaxation benefits. A. taking B. taken C. having taken D. having

10、been taken15. In the past, this work, _ highly skilled, was usually done by men. A. considering B. to consider C. being considered D. considered16. It's necessary to be prepared for a job interview. _ the answer ready will be of great help. A. To have had B. Having had C. Have D. Having17. "

11、;You can' t catch me!" Janet shouted, _ away. A. run B. running C. to run D. ran18. There was a terrible noise _ the sudden burst of light. A. following B. to be followed C. followed D. being followed 19. _ the child to bed, she began to correct the pupils' exercises. A. Sending B. Bein

12、g sent C. Sent D. Having sent 20._ a reply, we decided not to wait any longer. A. Not receiving B. Receiving not C. Not having received D. Having not received21. We expressed our satisfaction with the talk, _ that we would visit the city again. A. having added B. adding C. to add D. added22. When I

13、got back home I saw a message pinned to the door, _ "Call 68837822". A. reading B. reads C. to read D, read23. _ from the space, the Great Wall lies in the mountains tike a huge dragon. A. Seeing B. Seen C. To see D. Having seen24. I should say sorry to him. I regret _to help him that day.

14、 A. refusing B. to refuse C. refused D. refuse25. When _, ice changes into water. A. to heat B. heating C. heated D. they are heated26. He dived iht0 the water, _ only his face A. leaving; exposed B. leaving; exposing C. left; exposed D. left; exposing27. _ many times, but he still couldn' t und

15、erstand it.A. Though he had been B. Having been told C. Having told D. He had been told28. _ his address, I couldn't go to see him yesterday. A. Not known B. Known not C. Knowing not D. Not knowing29. Reading this instructive book, _ . A. tears came to his eyes B. his eyes were filled with tears

16、 C. he burst into tears D. his eyes were full of tears30. _ , we had to go home. A. There was no bus B. We couldn' t find a bus C. There being no bus D. There no bus31. _ to the party, Mary was greatly hurt. X A. Having not been invited B. Not having been invited C. Having not invited D. Not hav

17、ing invited32. _ to the sun, rain and wind for a long time, the stone split. A. Expose B. Exposed C. Exposing D. To expose情态动词表推测：过去情况现在情况陈述肯定句must have donemust bemay/might have donemay/might becould have donecould be 陈述否定句cant/couldnthave donecant/couldnt bemay not have donemay not bemight not hav

18、e donemight not be疑问句can/could have donecan/could be情态动词中的must, can, could, may, might都表推测。其中must的可能性最大，can / could次之，may / might最小。具体用法如下：1. must的用法（1）表示推测“可能性”时，意思是“一定、准是”，语气较肯定，较有把握。He must be American. = It is certain that he is American. 他准是个美国人。（2）must表推测只能用于肯定句。如果要表示“一定不、肯定不”的意思时，应用cant,如询问某种

19、可能时，应用can。He must know my address. 他肯定知道我的地址。（一定） He cant know my address. 他肯定不知道我的地址。（一定不）Can he know my address? 他知道我的地址吗？（询问可能性）（3）must表示推测时，可以推测现在/正在发生的动作/过去发生的动作。He must have a car now. （现在）他一定有辆小汽车。He must be doing his exercises in the classroom.（正在进行）他一定在教室里做练习。He must have finished the work.

20、（过去发生）他一定已完成了工作。注：must表示推测时很少用于将来的情况。一般不用He must come tomorrow.可用Its certain / Im sure that he will come tomorrow.（4）在反意疑问句中，当附属部分含有表示推测意义的must时，疑问部分的助动词应与must后面的动词在非推测情况下的用法保持一致。 He must be a worker, isnt he? （现在）他准时个工人，是吗？It must have rained last night, didnt it? （过去）昨晚一定下雨了，是不是？You must have lear

21、ned English for many years, havent you? （完成时）你一定学了好多年英语，是吗？2. can / could的用法（1）can表示推测“可能性”时，往往用于否定句或疑问句。Cant“一定不”，语气很肯定。can在疑问句中意思是“会、可能”。He cant be at home. = It is impossible that he is at home. 他一定不在家。（2）can /cant后可接进行时/完成时，表示对现在发生的动作或过去发生的动作进行推测。They cant be reading in the library. 他们一定不在图书馆读书。

22、He cant have gone to Shanghai for I saw him a minute ago. 他不可能去了上海，我刚才还看见他。Its so late. Where can she have gone? 天晚了，她可能去哪儿了呢？（3）在反意疑问句中，当陈述部分含有表示推测意义的cant时，疑问部分的助动词应与cant后面的动词在非推测情况下的用法保持一致.He cant be a teacher, is he? 他不是教师，是吗？She cant have finished her homework, has she? 她一定没有完成家庭作业，是不是？（4）could可

23、用于表示某事有可能发生或可能是事实。Dont eat it. It could be poisonous. 不要吃它，可能有毒。The plane could be delayed by fog. 飞机可能会因为雾晚点。 （5）could还可以用于表示客气、委婉、礼貌的请求语气。Excuse me, could you tell me the way to the bus station?Could you help me?（6）couldnt表示否定推测，表示某事不可能真实，或由于特定事实或环境某事肯定不会发生。It couldnt possibly be poison. 这不可能是毒药。注

24、：有时与形容词的比较级连用强调某人或某物不可能再更多地具有某种属性。You couldnt be more wrong. 你真是大错特错。I couldnt be happier. 我简直是幸福极了。3. may和might的用法（1） may, might表示推测“可能性”时，意思是“可能”、“也许”，语气没有 must肯定。He may / might be American. = It is possible that he is American.他可能是个美国人。注：might不表示过去时态，只是语气上比may更委婉，表示的可能性更小。（2）may, might表推测时，可以用于否定

25、句，意思是“可能不、也许不”，但不用于疑问句。He may / might not be at home. 他也许不在家。（3）may, might可以推测现在正在发生的动作或过去发生的动作。He may / might be sleeping now. （现在）他可能正在睡觉。The boy may / might not be watching TV at home. （现在）这个男孩可能没在家看电视These students may / might have seen the film before.（过去）这些学生以前可能看过这部电影。（4）may, might还可以推测将来的情况。

26、I think we should take raincoat with us, it may rain. 我想我们应该带上雨衣，可能要下雨了。She might not come this afternoon. 她今天下午可能不来了。同步练习： 1. Look! The light is out in her room. She _ to bed already. A. must go B. had to go C.must have gone D.has gone 2. We had a wonderful time yesterday. You _.Why didn't

27、 you come? A. had to come B.should have come C.might have come D.must have come 3. There were already five people in the car but they managed to take me as well. It_ a comfortable journey.A. can't be B. shouldn't be C. mustn't have been D. couldn't have been4. My sister met him at th

28、e Grand Theatre yesterday afternoon, so he _ your lecture.A. couldn't have attended B. needn't have attendedC. mustn't have attended D. shouldn't have attended5. I was really anxious about you. You _ home without a word.A. mustn't leave B. Shouldn't have left C. Couldn't

29、have left D. needn't leave6. Oh, Im not feeling well in the stomach, I_ so much fried chicken just now.A. shouldnt cut B. mustnt have eaten C. shouldnt have eaten D. mustnt eat7. Mr.White _ at 8:30 for the meeting, but he didnt show up.A. should have arrived B. should arrive C. should have had a

30、rrived D. should be arriving8. You _ be tired - you've only been working for an hour.A. must not B. won' t C. can' t D. may not9. - Isn' t that Ann's husband over there?- No, it _ be him -I'm sure he doesn't wear glasses.A. can't B. must not C. won't D. may not10.

31、 There _ be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practised a lot in the driving school.A . mustnt B. shant C. couldnt D.neednt11. I was on the highway when this car went past followed by a police car. They _ at leaset 150 km an hour.A. should have been doing B. must have been do

32、ingC. could have done D. would have done12. He _ have completed his work; otherwise, he wouldnt be enjoying himself by the seaside.A. should B. must C. wouldnt D. cant13. - The woman biologist stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 13 years before she returned.- Oh, dear! She _ a lot of difficulties!A. may go through B. might go throug