高中被动语态精华讲解

1、被动语态的构成 “助动词be过去分词”。He is regarded as a brilliant. 他被认为很有才气。This book was written in 1969. 这本书是1969年写成的。The broken bike is being repaired now. 那辆坏了的自行车正在被修理.The cat was being washed when we called him. 我们打电话时他正在给猫洗澡。The pen has been used for several years. 这支钢笔已经用了几年。He said the factory had been ope

2、ned . 他说这家工厂已经开张。The work will be finished in three hours. 工作将于三小时后完成。The baby must be looked after well. 这孩子必须被好好照顾主动语态改被动语态的方法：2）含直接宾语和间接宾语的主动语态改为被动语态时有两种情况：把间接宾语改为被动语态的主语，直接宾语仍保留原位；把直接宾语改为主动语态的主语，此时，间接宾语前要加介词to或 for。如： He gave the boy an appleThe boy was given an apple（或An apple was given to the

3、boy） Her father bought her a presentShe was bought a present by her father（或A present was bought for her by her father）口诀：如遇双宾语，最好变间宾，如若变直宾，间宾前加to/for (pass, lend, buy, write, bring, show, tell)3在see, watch, hear, notice, listen to, look at, make, feel等动词后作宾语补足语的动词不定式都不带 to，但改成被动语态后要带to，这时不定式为主语补足语。

4、 We often hear him play the guitar. He is often heard to play the guitar. The young man was often seen _ by the lake.A to draw. B. to drawing C. draw D. drew.4短语动词的被动语态有些短语动词相当于及物动词，可以有被动语态，但短语动词是一个不可分隔的整体，变为被动语态时不可去掉构成短语动词中的介词或副词。这类词包括: look after, talk about, set up, put off, put up with, pay atte

5、ntion to, take care of 等。The old man and the children _ in our country.A. must take good care B. must be take good care ofC. must take good care of D .must be taken good care of 主动表被动1有些动词既是及物又是不及物，当它们和well, badly, easily等副词连用时，表示主语内在品质或性能，是不及物动词，用主动表示被动，这时不用被动语态，常见的有：write, read, clean, sell, wash,

6、 cook 等。如： The cloth washes easily. The pen writes smoothly. The computers of this kind _ in this area. A. sells best    B. sell best C. are sold best     D. is sold best 2 某些表示主语状态特征的连系动词：look, feel,

7、 smell, taste, sound, prove, appear等，用主动表示被动，常接形容词或名词作表语。e.g. Your idea sounds reasonable. What he said proved to be correct. Do you like the material? Yes, it _ very soft. A. is feeling B. felt C. feels D. is feltThe new dictionaries are very useful. They _well and _already.A sell; have been sold o

8、ut B. sold; had sold outC. sell, sell out D are sold; have been sold out3. 在need, require, want(需要)等动词后，表示某物(人)要进行处理时，后接动名词一般式的主动形式作宾语表示被动意义，相当于不定式的被动式。例如：（2007年陕西卷）As a result of the serious flood，two-thirds of the buildings in the area_A. need repairing B. needs to repair C. needs repairing D. nee

9、d to repair4. 不定式在某些形容词后作状语且和句子的主语（或宾语）构成逻辑上的动宾关系时此类形容词包括：difficult, comfortable, pleasant, fit, interesting,unfit,light, heavy, dangerous, etc.The sentence is easy to understand. She found the problem hard to deal with.1. The picture is pleasant _ (look)2. The novel is interesting _ (read)5.不定式作名词的

10、后置定语，和被修饰的名词有逻辑上的动宾关系，同时和该句主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系，不定式常用主动形式表被动含义：She had only a cold room to live in. I have a meeting to attend.She has many children to look after I gave him a cake to eat6 在be to结构中的一些不定式:这种结构中的不定式通常应用主动表被动。下列动词用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义: You are to blame for the accident. The house is to let. Mr. Gre

11、en stood up in defence of the 16-year-old boy, saying that he was not the one _.A blamed B. blaming C. to blame D. to be blamed7表示“开始”；“结束”类的动词。常见的这类动词有begin, start, open, close, end, finish, stop等。例如： e.g. School begins in September. 1判断正误The stores in this area are opened later at weekends than at

12、 weekdays. 2 Honey，this is a present for your birthday.Ah！A pair of shoes，Nike！I think it _ comfortable.Awears    Bis wornCis wearing    Dhas worn3I'd like a pen which _ well.Will this one _？Awrites; help    Bwrites; do Cis written; work    Dis written; help4The dish _ nice, but the milk _ sour.A. is smelt, is smelt &#