2016年高考真题----英语(全国卷Ⅰ)-Word版含解析

1、2016 年高考真题-英语（全国卷I）-Word 版含解析1 / 12【说明】： 【参考版答案】非官方版正式答案本试卷共 12 页。全卷满分 150 分。考试用时 120 分钟。注意事项：1.答题前，请将自己的姓名，准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。用 2B 铅笔将答题卡上试卷类型 A 后的方框涂黑。2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂 黑。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3.非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草 稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4.考试结

2、束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第 I 卷第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）试题略解析略第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节 （共 15 小题：每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（ A、B、C 和 D）中选出最佳选项。并在答题卡 上将该项涂黑。AYou probably know who Marie Curie was, but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson. Of the outstanding ladieslisted below, who do you think was the m

3、ost important woman of the past 100 years?Jane Addams (1860-1935)Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank. Addams helped the poor andworked for peace. She encouraged a sense of community ( 社区 ) by creating shelters and promoting educationand services for people in

4、need. In 1931, Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.Rachel Carson (1907-1964)If it weren t for Rachel Carson, the environment al movement might not exist today. Herpopular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of c

5、hemicalson humans and on the world s lakes and oceans.Sandra Day O Connor (1930 -present)When Sandra Day O Connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952, she could not find workat a law firm because she was a woman. She became an Arizona state senator (参议员 ) and, in 1981, the fi

6、rstwoman to join the U.S. Supreme Court. O Connor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24years on the top court.Rosa Parks (1913-2005)On December 1. 1995, in Montgomery, Alabama, Rosa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a whitepassenger. Her simple act landed Parks in p

7、rison. But it also set off the Montgomery bus boycott. It lasted for morethan a year, and kicked off the civil-rights movement. “The only tired I was, was tired of giving in,” said Parks.2016 年高考真题-英语（全国卷I）-Word 版含解析2 / 1221. What is Jane Addams noted for in history?A. Her social work.B. Her teachin

8、g skills.C. Her efforts to win a prize.D. Her community background.22. What was the reason for O Connor s being rejected by the law firm?A. Her lack of proper training in law.B. Her little work experience in court.C. The discrimination against women.D. The poor financial conditions.23. Who made a gr

9、eat contribution to the civil-rights movement in the U.S.?A. Jane Addams.B. Rachel Carson.C. Sandra Day O ConnorD. Rosa Parks.24. What can we infer about the women mentioned in the text?A. They are highly educated.B. They are truly creative.C. They are pioneers.D. They are peace-lovers.21. 【解析】 A信息概

10、括题。根据第二段“asocial worker ”可明显得出答案，故A 正确。22. 【解析】 C细节题。根据第四段“Shecould not find work at a law firm because she was awoma n.”可知，原因在于对女性的歧视，故 C 正确。23. 【解析】 D细节题。根据第五段kicked off the civil -rights movement ” 可知，Rosa Park 推动了民权运动，故 D 正确。24. 【解析】 C推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“Addams became the first American woman to win

11、the Nobel Peace Prize ”；第三段第一句 “If it werent for Rachel Carson, the environmentmovement might not exist today ”；第四段第二句“ the first woman to join the U.SSupreme Court ”；最后一段第三句kicked off the civil-rights movement : 可知，四位女性都是历史上的先锋，故 C 正确。BGrandparents Answer a CallAs a third-generation native of Brown

12、sville, Texas, Mildred Garza never planned to move away. Even whenher daughter and her son asked her to move to San Antonio to help with their children, she politely refused. Onlyafter a year of friendly discussion did Ms. Garza finally say yes. That was four years ago. Today all threegenerations re

13、gard the move a success, giving them a closer relationship than they would have had in separatecities.No statistics show the number of grandparents like Garza who are moving closer to their children andgrandchildren. Yet there is evidence suggesting that the trend is growing. Even President Obama s

14、mother-in-law, Marian Robinson, has agreed to leave Chicago and move into the White House to help care for her2016 年高考真题-英语（全国卷I）-Word 版含解析3 / 12granddaughters. According to a study, , 83 percent of the people said Mrs. R obinson sdecision will influence grandparents in the American family. Two-thir

15、ds believe more families will follow theexample of Obama s family.“In the 1960s we were all a little wild and couldnt get away from home far enough,fast enough to prove we could do it on our own, ”says Christiane Crosby, publisher of Graza magazine forgrandparents. “ Wenow realize how important fami

16、ly is and how important to be near them, especially when youre raising children. ”Moving is not for everyone. Although every grandparent wants to be with his or her grandchildren and iswilling to make sacrifices, but sometimes it is wiser to say no and visit frequently instead. Having yourgrandchild

17、ren far away is hard, especially knowing your adult child is struggling but giving up the life you know maybe harder.25.Why was Garza s move a success?A. It strengthened her family ties.B. It improved her living conditions.C. It enabled her to make more friends.D. It helped her know more places.26.

18、What was the reaction of the public to Mrs. Robinsons decision?A. 17% expressed their support for it.B. Few people responded sympathetically.C. 32% believed it had a bad influence.D. The majority suggested it was a trend.27. What did Crosby say about people in the 1960s?A. They were unsure of themse

19、lves.B. They were eager to raise more children.C. They wanted to live away from their parents.D. They had little experiences for their grandparents.28. What does the author suggest the grandparents do in the last paragraph?A. Make the decisions in the best interest of their own.B. Ask their children

20、 to pay more visits to them.C. Sacrifice for their struggling children.D. Get to know themselves better.25 【解析】 A细节题。定位首段末句由 “Todayall three generations regard the move a success, giving them a closerrelationship than they would have had in separate cities可知答案。”26 【解析】 D细节题。定位第二段，由 “83 percent of th

21、e people said Mrs. Robinsons decision willinfluence grandparents in the American family.”可知，约 83%的人认为 Mrs. Robinson 的决定会影响美国的很多祖父母，说明不是 17% 而是 83% 的人支持，排除 A； B 选项文中未 提及； 83% 的人支持，说明认为有很坏影响的人占的比例不可能超过17% ； D 选项符合文意。27 【解析】 C2016 年高考真题-英语（全国卷I）-Word 版含解析4 / 12推断题。 由第三段首句 “In the 1960s we were all a li

22、ttle wild and couldn tget away from home far enough,fast enough to prove we could do it on our own”可推断 20 世纪 60 年代的时候， 人们想要离开家去证明自己的能力但现实并不允许， 心里其实是想离开家的， C 选 项正确。28 【解析】 A推断题。由最后一段 “but sometimes it is wiser to say no and visit frequently instead.Having your grandchildren far away is hard, especial

23、ly knowing your adult child is struggling but giving up the lifeyou know may be harder”可知有时候对祖父母来说，和孩子孙子们住在一起并非就是好的选择， 反而不住在一起而是频繁去探访子孙会更好， 因为这 样就不需要改变祖父母自己熟知的生活方式， 由此可推测出作者的建议祖父母是否搬去和子 孙一起住最好从祖父母的需求出发，选择A 。CI am Peter Hodes, a volunteer stem cell courier. Since March 2012, I ve done 89 trips of tho

24、se, 51 have bee n abroad, I have 42 hours to carry stem cells（干纟田胞）in my littlebox because I ve got two ice packs and that s how long they last. In all, from the time the stem cells areharvested from a donor （捐献者） to the time they can be implanted in the patient, weve got 72 hours atmost.So I am alw

25、ays conscious of time.I had one trip last year where I was caught by a hurricane in America. I picked up the stem cells in Providence,Rhode Island, and was meant to fly to Washington then back to London. But when I arrived at the check - in deskat Providence, the lady on the desk said: “well, I mrea

26、lly sorry, I vegot some bad news for you - there are noflights from Washington. ” So I took my box and put it on the desk and I said : “In this box are some stem cellsthat are urgently needed for a patient -please, please, youvegot to get meback to the United Kingdom.”She just dropped everything. Sh

27、e arranged for a flight on asmall plane to be held for me, re-routed （改道） me through Newark and got me back to the UK even earlier thanoriginally scheduled.For this courier jo b, you re consciously aware that in that box you ve got somethingthat is potentially going to save somebody s life.29. Which

28、 of the following can replace the underlined word“courier ” in Paragraph 1?A. providerB. delivery manC. collectorD. medical doctor30. Why does Peter have to complete his trip within 42 hours?A. He cannot stay away from his job too long.B. The donor can only wait for that long.C. The operation needs

29、that much time.D. The ice won t last any longer.31. Which fight did the woman put Peter on first?A. To London.B. To Newark.C. To Providence.D. To Washington.29 【解析】 B词义猜测题。根据第一段第二行 carry stem cells 可知， 作者是运送细胞的人，所以选 择 B 选项， deliveryman 。2016 年高考真题-英语（全国卷I）-Word 版含解析5 / 1230 【解析】 D细节题。从第一段第三行 “ becau

30、se I vegot two ice packs and that hsow long they last. ”可以知道选择 D 选项， “the ice won t last any longer. ”31 【解析】 B细节题。由原文第三段倒数第二行“ r-erouted me through Newark ”可知，答案选 B 。DThe meaning of silence carries among culture groups. Silence may be thoughtful, or they may be emptywhen a person has nothing to say

31、. A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness, uneasiness, or, worry.Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable; therefore attempts may be made tofill every gap（ 间 隙 ） with conversation. Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessaryf

32、or understanding a person s needs.Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people, just assome traditional Chinese and Thai persons do. Therefore, when a person from one of these cultures is speakingand suddenly stops, what may be implied（ 暗示 ） is that t

33、he person wants the listener to consider what has beensaid before continuing. In these cultures, silence is a call for reflection.Other cultures may use silence in other ways, particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or inrelationships of people with different amounts of power. For exam

34、ple, Russian, French, and Spanish persons mayuse silence to show agreement between parties about the topic under discussion. However, Mexicans may usesilence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with himor her. In still another use, perso

35、ns in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect, particularly to an elderor a person in authority, persons in Asian culture may view silence as a sign of respect, particularly to an elder ora person in authority.Nurses and other care-givers need to be aware of the possible meanings of sil

36、ence when they come acrossthe personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing. Nurses should recognize their own personal and culturalconstruction of silence so that a patient s silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily. Anurse who understands the healing（ 治愈 ） value

37、 of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care ofpatients from their own and from other cultures.32. What does the author say about silence in conversations?A. It implies anger.B. It promotes friendship.C. It is culture-specificD. It is content-based33. Which of the following people mi

38、ght consider silence as a call for careful thought?A. The Chinese.B. The French.C. The Mexicans. D. The Russians.34. What does the author advise nu rses to do about sile nee?A. Let it continue as the patient pleases.B. Break it while treati ng patie nts.C. Evaluate its harm to patie nts.D. Make use

39、of its heali ng effects.35. What may be the best title for the text?A. Sound and Sile nee2016 年高考真题-英语（全国卷I）-Word 版含解析6 / 12B. What it means to be sile ntC. Sile nee to Native America nsD. Speech Is Silver; Silenee Is Gold32. 【解析】C推测题。原文定位第一段，可以得知 A 选项不全面，沉默不只代表一个意思；同理，可 排除 B 选项； 此段反复强调“Silenee may

40、be viewed by some cultural groups；” “ Personsin other cultural groups value可得知，沉默在不同文化中的意义是不同的，而不是根据对话内容变化的，由此可以排出 D，得出正确答案 C。33. 【解析】A细节题。题干的意思是在哪国人的文化中，沉默代表要求对方仔细考虑？”定位第二段“ Therefore pers on wants the liste ner to con sider what has bee n said before continuing.中文意思为，在中国和泰国文化中，silenee 代表说话人想在继续会话之

41、前让倾听者考虑他说过的话。所以可以得出答案A。34. 【解析】D细节题。对应文章最后一段。答案可以在段落主题句中可以分析出来一第一句和最后一句。尤其是最后一句“ Aurse who un dersta nds the heali ng（ 治愈）value of sile nee can usethis understanding to assist in the care of patients作者认，” 了解沉默的治愈价值有助于更好地照顾病人。所以，是建议护士利用沉默的治愈价值的。而A, B 选项出现在第 2 句so that 后面的部分。用了否定词not,是作者所不建议的。C 选项在文中并

42、未提及。35. 【解析】B主旨题。文章为总分的结构，可从第一段入手。定位文章第一句The meaning ofsile nee caries amo ng culture groups.艮即可得知全篇都在讲沉默代表的意义，不同的文化意义不同。文中并没提到声音与沉默的关系，所以不选 A;文章讲了不同国家沉默代表的意义，不局限于 Native America ns，排除 C;而 D 选项是一句谚语，说话是银，沉默是金 ”，文章并没有对比两者的重要性。因此只能选B。第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

43、Secret codes（密码）keep messages private. Bank, companies, and government age ncies use secret codein doing bus in ess, especially when in formati on is sent by computer.People have used secret codes for thousa nds of years.36Code break ing n everlags （落后）behind code making. The scienee of decoding and

44、 reading coded messages is called cryptography.There are three main types of cryptography.37 For example, the first letters areMy elephant eats too many eels spell out the hidden message Meet me. ”38 You might represe nt each letter with a nu mber, for example, letnu mberthe letters of the alphabet,

45、 in order, from 1 to 26. If we substitute a number for each letter, the message Meet mewould read 1 3 5 20 13 5 ”.A code uses symbols to replace words, phrases, or senten ces. To read the message of a real code, youmust have a code book.39 For example, bridge might stand formeet and out might sta nd

46、 for me ”. The message bridge out would actually mean Meet me .402016 年高考真题-英语（全国卷I）-Word 版含解析7 / 12However, it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long. So codesmust be cha nged freque ntly.A.It is very hard to break a code without a code book.B.In any Ian guage, some letters are used more

47、tha n others.C.Only people who know the keyword can read the message.D.As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them.E.You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.F.With a code book, you might write dow n words that would sta nd for other words.G.

48、 Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.36. 【解析】D本题考察是逻辑关系，根据下一句code break ing n ever lags beh ind code making可知上一句是只要出现密码，就会有人去解码，故选D。37. 【解析】E本题考察是句子之间的例证关系，从后面文章的举例中For example, the first lettersare My elephant eats too many eels spell out th

49、e hidden messageMeet me. 那么前一句应该是对例子的概括，即我们可以知道是运用每个单词的首字母来组成密码，E 选项正确38. 【解析】G本题考察是文章的篇章结构，前一段是讲到了第一种方法，根据篇章结构，下一段应该是讲述第二种设置密码的方法，而根据该段的例子，即字母表中字母排列顺序转化成为数字信息，所以这里关键词是an other way 还有 alphabet，故选 G。39. 【解析】F本题考察的是逻辑关系， 从上一句 To read the message of a real code, you must havea code book ”你需要借用解码书来找出密码单

50、词所对应真正意思，F 选项表示你应该找出解码书中密码所代表的词语，故F 正确。40. 【解析】A本题考察的是关键词以及转折关系，根据下一句出现if is also hard to keep a codebook secret for Iong, ”这里出现了 also hard,所以上一句关键词为 hard;另外 however 表示 转折关系，证明上一句与下一句表达的意思相反，即上一句应该没有解密书， 是很难去完成解密工作，故 A 正确。第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项

51、（AB C 和D中选出可以填入空白处2016 年高考真题-英语（全国卷I）-Word 版含解析8 / 12One more look and he noticed45 shooting out from under the 46 vehicle.Larry pulled over, set the brake and47 the fire ext in guisher （灭火器） .Two goodbursts from the ext in guisher and the fire was put out.The man who had his bright lights on 48 and

52、 told Larry he had 49 an emergency call. They 50 heard a woman s voice coming from the wre cked （毁坏的） vehicle. 51 the vehicle, they saw that a woma n was trying to getout of the broke n win dow. They told her to stay52un til theemerge ncy pers onnel arrived,53 shethought the car was going to54 . Lar

53、ry told her that he had already put out the fireand she should not move 55she injured her n eck.Once fire and emergency people arrived, Larry and the other man 56 and let them go to work. Then, Larryasked the57 if he was n eeded or 58 to go. Theylet him and the other man go.One thing is 59 -Larry we

54、nt above and beyond the call of duty by getting soclose to the burning vehicle! His60 most likely saved the woma ns life.41.A. walk ingB. touri ngC. traveli ngD. rushi ng42.A. passe ngersB. colleaguesC. employersD. customers43.A. SinceB. AlthoughC. AsD. If44.A. eachB. ano therC. thatD. his45.A. flam

55、esB. smokeC. waterD. steam46.A. usedB. disabledC. removedD.abandoned47.A. got hold ofB. preparedC. took charge ofD. con trolled48.A. came dow nB. came throughC. came inD. came over49.A. returnedB. receivedC. madeD. con firmed50.A. thenB. aga inC. fin allyD. even51.A. Starti ngB. Parki ngC. Pass ingD

56、. Approach ing52.A. quietB. stillC. awayD. calm53.A. forB. soC. andD. but54.A. explodeB. slip awayC. fall apartD. crash55.A. as ifB. uni essC. in caseD. after56.A. stepped forwardB. backed offC. moved onD. set out57.A. woma nB. policeC. manD. driver58.A. forbiddenB. readyC. askedD. free59.A. for cer

57、ta inB. for con siderationC. reportedD. checked60.A. patie neeB. skillsC. effortsD. promiseLarry works with Tran sportDrivers, Inc.One morning in 2009, Larry was41along 165 northafter deliveri ng to one of his42.Suddenly, he saw a car withitsbright lights on.43he got closer, he found44vehicle upside

58、 dow n on the road.的选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A Heroic Driver2016 年高考真题-英语（全国卷I）-Word 版含解析9 / 1241. C解析: travel along 开车仃进。42. D解析:由 deliver to 可知 Larry 是在给他的顾客”送货。43. C解析: A. since 自从，既然；B. although 虽然；D.if 如果 C. as 当.时；文中10 / 122016 年高考真题-英语 （全国卷I）-Word 版含解析意思为“当他走近时 ”，所以选C。44. B 解析：前文 he saw a car，走近之后，又发现了

59、“另一辆”，故选 an other。45. A解析：此段最后一句“ the fire was put out 可知此处因为“着火 ”，A. flame 火焰;B. smoke 烟；C. water 水；D. steam 蒸汽。46. B 解析：A. used 用过的；B. disabled 报废的，不能使用的；C. removed 移走的;D. abandoned 遗弃的；因为车内还有人，所以不能用abandoned，故选 B。47. A 解析：A. get hold of 抓住，拿到；B. prepare 准备；C. take charge of 掌管；D.control控制。48. D解析

60、：A. come dow n 下降；B.come through 经历，度过；C. come in进来；D. come over 过来。49. C解析：make an emerge ncy call固定搭配，打电话。50. A解析：然后他们听到了声音,表顺承，故选then。51. D解析：A. start 开始；B. park停车；C. pass 通过，经过；D. approach靠近。52. B解析：stay still 静止不动，由上一句 “ try to get out of the window”和 55 空shouldnot move ” 可知。53.D解析：“叫她保持不动，但是她担