定语从句常见错误分析精选

1、学习好资料欢迎下载定语从句常见错误分析英语定语从句是学生学习英语较难掌握的一个语法。为了帮助学生正确 使用定语从句，本文就学生的常见错误进行了归纳和分析。I.句子结构错误。1 .昨天王老师上了一节非常生动而有趣的课。误： Yesterday Mr Wang taught the lesson was very lively and interesting.正： The lesson Mr Wang taught yesterday was very lively and interesting.分析：错句完全是按照汉语的顺序翻译。分析一下句子，像”在句子中作主语，而 昨天王老师教的”是用作 像

2、”的定语，所以应该 用定语从句来表达。2 .你上个月从图书馆借的那本书还了吗？误： Have you returned me the book you borrowed it from the library last month?正： Have you returned the book you borrowed from the libray last month?分析：错句的定语从句中多了宾语it,关系代词 which或that在从句中作宾语可以省略，所以不能再用it作borrowed的宾语。3 .我永远也不会忘记我在那儿生活了八年的村庄。误：Ill never forget the v

3、illage where I once worked there for eight years.正：Ill never forget the village where I once worked for eight years.分析：关系副词既引导定语从句，又在从句中作地点状语，因此不能再用 表示地点状语的副词there。II.介词错误1 .你们住的那个房间太小了。误： The room which you are living is too small.正： The room in which you are living is too small.或 The room which yo

4、u are livng in is too small.分析：关系代词在定语从句中作接物动词的宾语或介词宾语。本句中 live是不接物动词，不能直接跟宾语，须加介词in。2 .你能借给我你们刚才谈论到的那本书吗？误： Can you lend me the book about that you were talking just now?正： Can you lend me the book that you were talking about just now?或 Can you lend me the book about which you were talking just now

5、?分析：关系代词that作宾语时，介词不可放在that之前，只能放在从句原来位置上，关系代词which,whom作介词宾语时，介词可以放在它们的前面。 如： The man about whom you were talking lives in the next room.学习好资料欢迎下载3 .我问他去过的城市中哪个城市的人口最多。误：I asked which of the cities that he had been had the largest population.正：I asked which of the cities that he had been to had the

6、 largest population.分析：关系代词that作词组had been to宾语，错句中漏掉了to。III.选择关系词1 .那幢红色屋顶的房子是去年夏天建的。误： The building which roof is red was built last summer.正： The building whose roof is red was built last summer.分析：关系代词 which不能用作所有格修锦名词，它的所有格是whose。2 .你认识那个我想他可能教我们英语的老师吗？误： Do you know the teacher whom I think wi

7、ll come to teachus English?正： Do you know the teacher who I think will come to teach us English?分析：定语从句中的I think是插入语，指代the teacher的关系代 词应在本句中的定语从句中作主语，所以只能用主格的关系代词 who ,而不能用宾格的关系代词whom。3 .你指的是去年我们参观的那所学校吗？误： Do you mean the school where we visited last year?正： Do you mean the school which we visited

8、 last year?分析：关系副词 where往往指代主句中表示地点的名词，而在从句中作状语。本句中的定语从句的谓语动词visit是及物动词，所以要用关系代词which或that连接定语从句并在从句中作visit 的宾语，意即： visited the school o4 .这是我所看到过的最好的一部电影。误： This is the best film which I have ever seen.正： This is the best film that I have ever seen.分析：在定语从句中，当形容词最高级、序数词以及all,any,only等充当先行词的前位定语时，关系

9、代词一般用that而不用which。5 .我没有告诉她真情，这使我心里很不安。误：I didnt tell her the truth,that made me uneasy.正：I didnt tell her the truth.which made me uneasy.分析：that所引导的定语从句，一般都是限制性定语从句，当关系代 词代表整个句子的意思，或引导非限制性定语从句时，应用 which 而不用that。6 .现在你所要做的一切就是好好休息。误： All what you should do now is to take a good rest.正： All (that) yo

10、u should do now is to take a good rest.分析：句中you should do now是定语从句，what用作连接代词，只能 引导名词性从句，不能引导定语从句。所以此句中 what应改成that。IV. 一致关系学习好资料欢迎下载1 .他是昨天受老师表扬的学生之一。误： He is one of the students who was praised by the teacher yesterday.正： He is one of the students who were praised by the teacher yesterday.分析：关系代词在

11、定语从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词在人称和数上 应和先行词一致，who在本句中作定语从句的主语并代表先行词 the comrades,谓语动词 was praised和先行词不一致，应改为 were praised。但本句也可以改为He is the only one of thestudents who was praised by the teacher.2 .他这次考试不及格，这证明他学习不够刻苦。误： He failed in the exam,which prove that he hadnt worked hard enough at his lessons.正： He faile

12、d in the exam,which proves that he hadnt worked hard enough at his lessons.分析：which代表整个句子的情况或句子的一部分时，应看作单数，所 以它引导的定语从句的谓语动词要相应地用单数动词。3 .他们已将所有属于我的东西归还给我。误： They have returned me all that belong to me.正： They have returned me all that belongs to me.分析：all用作代词或名词时，可作单数或复数，但用作抽象概念应作 单数，所以本句中定语从句的谓语动词应用

13、单数形式belongsV.as用作关系代词引导定语从句1 .我从来还没有听过象他讲的这么有趣的故事。误：I had never heard such an interesting story like he told.正：I had never heard such an interesting story as he told.分析：当such充当先行词的前位定语时，只能用关系代词as引导定语从句并在从句中作主语或宾语。而本句中的like是介词，不能引导从句，应改为 as。2 .正如老师所说的，我们应该通过讲英语学习讲英语。误： As the teacher said that we sho

14、uld learn to speak English by speaking it.正： As the teacher said, we should learn to speak English by speaking it.分析：“w图hould learn to speak Englsih by speaking it 应是句中的主语，而不是宾语。Ashe teacher said是定语从句。As是关系代词，用以代表主句的意思，并在从句中作said的宾语。3 .学一们外语，正如他们所学的，不是一件容易的事。误：To learn a foreign language,as they lea

15、rned,was not an easy job.正： To learn a foreign language,such as they learned,was not an easy job.或： To learn a foreign language,as they did,was not an学习好资料欢迎下载easy job.分析：关系代词 as可以代表定语从句中某个名词，但这仅限于在和 such或the same连用的时候。如果没有such或the same它所代表的就不是某个名词，而是整个句子或动词短改正下列句子中的错误：1 .Thats all what Dr Wang said

16、 at the meeting yesterday.2 .There is nothing in the world which can change my mind.3 .I met a former student I like him very much when he studied at our school.4 .The sun heats the earth,which make it possible for plants to grow.5 .Have you ever heard of such a clever boy like John?6 .People who has eyes can sometimes act just as foolishly as the blind men.7 .As everyone knows that he was able to help people with their personal affairs.8 .The camera which I took my best photos belonged to my father.9 .Our engines and machines,