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1、第三讲形容词、副词4考点解读核心突破区r解读考点巧学巧练考点一如何确定形容词、副词1 .看到作定语、表语、或补足语,用形容词。2 .看到修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子在句中作状语,用副词。 He was more than just an English teacher, because he also taught me useful lessons inlife.(useful 作定语)(2017 河南洛阳第二次统考 )Obviously , a good habit can help us to speed up to reach our destinations.(Obviously

2、作状语,修饰整个句子 )考点二形容词、副词构词法1 .形容词变副词的后缀后缀示例直接加-lyslow adj. 慢白slowly adv.缓慢地改y为-ilyhappy adj. 图兴的fhappily adv. 图兴地去e加-lytrue adj. 真的一 truly adv. 真地2 .动词、名词变形容词的后缀常见的动词、名词变形容词的后缀有:-able , -al , -ful , -ed , -ing , -ible , -ive , -ous , -some,-y , -ern , -ish 等。后缀示例-ableaccept vt.接受facceptable adj.可接受的-ed

3、confuse vt. 使困惑一 confused adj. 感到困惑的-ingconvince vt. 说服,使信服 - convincing adj. 令人信服的-fulforget vt. 忘记一 forgetful adj. 健忘的-alnature n .自然一 natural adj. 自然的-ibleaccess n . 进入,使用权,通路一 accessible adj. 容易取得的-ouscaution n . 谨慎cautious adj. 谨慎的3.表示否定或相反意义的前缀和后缀常见的表示否定或相反意义的前缀和后缀有:dis- , il- , im-, in- , ir-

4、 , mis-, un-, -less 等。前缀示例il-legal adj.合法的一 illegal adj.不合法的in-convenient adj方便的finconvenient adj.不方便的ir-regular adj.有规律的一 irregular adj.没规律的un-willing adj.乐意的 f unwilling adj.不乐意的巧学巧练单句语法填空/单句改错1. . (2016 全国卷 I )From tomorrow , I will be their UK ambassador.The title will be (official) given to me

5、at a ceremony in London.解析:设空处修饰谓语动词,应用副词形式,故填 officially 。答案:officially2. .(2016 全国卷 m)Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigswhich(gradual) turned into chopsticks.解析:句意为:小块食物可以很容易地用树枝夹着吃,这些树枝就慢慢地演变成了筷子。修饰谓语turned ,作状语,需用副词。故填 gradually 。答案:gradually3. (2016 山东下学期综合测试)Ron had a(succes

6、s) career and worked for Ford beforeretiring and leading a relaxed life.解析:句意为:在退休过轻松日子之前,罗恩在福特公司工作,他的事业很成功。名词career前需用形容词作定语,故答案为 successful 。答案: successful4. (2014 辽宁卷改错 )That is too much for us , considering how closely the houses are.解析: closely 是副词,副词通常不能和系动词连用构成系表结构,应改为形容词close ,本句howclose the

7、 houses are 中的close 本应该是在系动词 are的后面,构成系表结构are close 。答案: closely fclose5. (2016 全国卷ID改错 )However, my parents didn ' t seem to think such.解析: 此处think为动词,其后应用副词 so,意为“(指刚说过的事物)这样,那样”。so的类似 用法有I hope so , if so 等。such为代词或限定词,故将 such改为so。答案: suchfso考点三形容词、副词比较级、最高级1. “the +比较级.,the+比较级."表示"

8、;越越”It is believed that the harder you work, the better result you will get.人们相信,工作越努力,得到的结果将越好。2. "the +比较级+ of the two+名词”表示"两个中较的“Which is the better of the two universities , Shanghai Jiao Tong University or Fudan University?上海交大与复旦大学,实力较强的是哪一个?3. “否定词+比较级”表示最高级含义。Mr Stevenson is great

9、 to work for I really couldn ' t ask for a better boss.为斯蒂文森先生工作感觉非常好,我真的找不到比他更好的老板了。4. “the +形容词或副词的最高级+比较范围”表示在某个范围内“最”。She is the most active student in our class.她是我们班最活跃的学生。5. 可以用来修饰比较级的单词和短语有much, far , still , even, rather , a little , a bit , a lot ,a great deal及数字、倍数等,常放在比较级的前面。The hote

10、l is rather more expensive than that one.这家旅馆的收费比那家贵得多。考点四连接副词的用法连接副词逻辑语意意义though表转折虽然,然而yet表转折然而,可是however表转折,其后常用逗号然而,但是instead表转折或相反相反,代替otherwise表转折否则besides表递进另外,而且moreover表递进再说,而且still表递进仍然,依然therefore表结果因此thus表结果因此anyway表让步无论如何Bicycling is good exercise ; besides , it does not pollute the air

11、.骑自行车是很好的运动;而且还不污染空气。巧学巧练单句语法填空1. (2016 山东泰安一模 )A wise man came along and asked them, “Oh, my dear friends , why are you crying ? ” "We were ten but now we are only nine , “ they replied , and cried even(hard).解析:句意为:一位智者走了过来,问道:“噢,我亲爱的朋友们,你们为什么哭啊?” “我们本来10个人,可现在我们只有9个人了。”他们回答道,甚至哭得更厉害了。 根据句意以及

12、设空处前的even可知此处需用副词的比较级形式作cried的状语。答案: harder2. (2016 云南师大附中适应性测试)The scientists say that the current warming could have thesame effect on mammals and could even make humans(small) .解析: 句意为:科学家宣称当前的气候变暖可能会对哺乳动物有同样的影响,甚至可能会使人类变 得更小。根据句意可知,此处含有比较意义,故应用比较级。答案: smaller3. (2015 四川卷改编)Andy is content with t

13、he toy.It is the (good) he has ever got.解析: 句意为:安迪对这个玩具很满意。这是他所得到过的最好的玩具。第二句中的It是指上文提到的玩具,根据设空后的比较范围he has ever got 可知用形容词的最高级,答案为 best,其后省略了名词toy 。答案: best4. (2013 全国卷 n 改编 )It may not be a great suggestion.But before a(good) one is put forward , we' ll make do with it.解析:句意为:这也许不是一个很好的建议,但在提出一

14、个更好的建议之前,我们会将就用这个。根据句意可知此处暗含比较含义,“ a+比较级”表示“一个更的",故填 better。答案:better5. . (2013 天津 卷改编)I think watching TV every evening is a waste of time there are(much) meaningful things to do.解析:句意为:我认为每天晚上看电视是浪费时间一一有很多比这更有意义的事情可做。根据句意可知填比较级more。答案: more高效演练*跟踪检测区高岩精炼 轻松憎分 I .单句语法填空1. (2016 四川卷语法填空 )Chines

15、e scientists recently had a chance to study a wild femalepanda with a newborn baby.She was a very(care) mother.解析:她是一个非常仔细的/充满爱心的妈妈。修饰名词应用形容词形式。答案: careful/caring2. (2015 全国卷 n 语法填空)As(nature)architects , the Pueblo Indians figured outexactly how thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle

16、work on most days.解析:根据后面的名词及形修名原则,这里要用形容词,修饰后面的名词 architects 。即natural 。答案: natural3. (2016 全国卷 I 语法填空)The title will be(official) given to meat a ceremony in London.解析:修饰动词given作状语,用副词形式。答案:officially4. (2015 全国卷 n 语法填空 )Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot daysand give out tha

17、t heat(slow) during cool nights, thus warming the house.解析:根据动词短语give out 判断,此短语有宾语that heat ,后面不需要再带有名词之类的词,因此可以判断出这里所给词一定修饰该动词短语,得用副词。答案:slowly5. (2014 全国卷 I 语法填空 )The river was so polluted that it(actual) caught fire and burned.解析:空处所填词修饰动词caught 和 burned ,所以要用副词形式actually ,意为“事实上,实际上”。答案:actuall

18、y6. (2015 广东卷语法填空)When we were wondering what to do , the manager came out.Shewas(surprise) helpful.解析:本空后的helpful 是一个形容词,修饰形容词应该用副词。答案:surprisingly7. (2014 广东卷语法填空)After our plane landed , we went to the hotel.We had made ourreservation six months(early) , but the manat the front desk said there ha

19、d been a mistake.解析:解此题关键在于本句中的had made,作者在到达之前就提前六个月预订了房间。本句暗含比较,意思是“早在六个月前”。答案:earlier8. (2014 辽宁卷语法填空 )The(hard) you try to beat him , the more likely you will get hit.解析:本句是一个固定句式:the +比较级.,the+比较级.表示“越就越";你越用力击打他,你越可能被击中。可知用hard 的比较级形式harder 。答案:harder9. (2016 -江西红色七校一联 )He sat down and st

20、arted(gentle) talking to the dog.解析:句意为:他坐了下来开始温柔地和狗谈了起来。此处需用副词gently 作 talking 的状语。答案:gently10. (2017 山东青岛自主学习)As they couldn ' t play outdoors , they were(happy), and some even got into fights from time to time.解析:句意:由于他们不能去外面玩,所以他们不高兴,甚至有些孩子不断地打架斗殴。根据上下文逻辑可推知设空处应为形容词unhappy( 不高兴 )作表语。答案:unhap

21、py11. (2016 广东汕头二模)My aunt advised that I needed to go to hospital, and the treatmentshe provided gave my parents(value) time to take me to the hospital.解析: 句意为:我姑姑建议我得去住院,她给我提供的治疗给了我父母宝贵的时间将我送去了医院。名词 time 前需用形容词作定语,故答案为valuable答案:valuable12. (2016 河北衡水中学七调 )We can start the habit by writing learnin

22、g summaries and remember to record something(impress) and meaningful.解析:句意为:我们可以通过写学习总结来开始这个习惯,而且我们还要记住记录下给人印象深刻的和有意义的事情。设空处与形容词meaningful 并列,修饰代词something ,故推出设空处应为形容词impressive 。 答案:impressive13. (2016 浙江卷 )A sudden stop can be a very frightening experience, (especial)if you are travelling at high

23、 speed.解析:句意为:突然停止有时会是很可怕的经历,尤其是在你高速行进时。设空处需用副词修饰if引导的状语从句,故答案为especially( 尤其 ) 。答案:especially14. . (2016 河南洛阳模拟)Little Tommy is really hard to deal with.You can' t find a(noisy) boy in the class.解析:句意为:小汤米真难对付。你在这个班上找不到比他更吵闹的男孩子了。not 或 never 与形容词比较级连用,表示最高级含义。答案:noisier15. (2014 全国卷改编)Raymond s

24、 parents wanted him to have the(good) possible education.解析:句意为:雷蒙德的父母希望他能接受最好的教育。根据语境可知应用形容词最高级,修饰名词 education 。 possible 用在形容词后表示强调。答案:best16. (2016 山东潍坊二模)Furthermore , research has shown that while every child is born with a natural curiosity , it can decline (great) during the second and third

25、years of life.解析:句意为:此外,研究显示尽管每个孩子天生都具有好奇心,但在两三岁时会急剧下降。设空处修饰动词decline ,应用副词形式。故填greatly 。答案:greatly17. (2017 山西四校联考)Of all the cities in the world , one of the top six(healthy) cities is Copenhagen , Denmark.解析: 句意为: 世界上所有的城市中,位列前六名中最健康的城市之一是丹麦的哥本哈根。“ one of+ the +形容词最高级+可数名词复数”为固定用法,意为“中最之一”,因此,此处应

26、用形容词最高级,故填healthiest 。答案:healthiest18. (2016 广东佛山二模 )My application was successful and I spent a(n)(enjoy) month learning film-making.解析: 句意为: 我的申请成功了,我花费了令人愉快的一个月学习电影制作。设空处修饰名词month,作定语,应用形容词。故填enjoyable 。答案:enjoyable19. (2017 福建漳州八校第一次联考)The(rich) of these is John , worth at least $41billion , who

27、 made his money by starting a company.解析:此处指这些人中最富的是约翰。of these 是范围,前面用the 修饰,因此要用最高级,故填richest 。答案:richest20. (2017 湖南长沙六校联考 )(surprising) , when I got home I found a wet US$20 bill stuck to the ground.解析:句意为:令人吃惊的是,当我到家的时候,发现一张湿的20 美元的钞票贴在地上。设空处在句中作状语,修饰整个句子,应用副词。故填Surprisingly 。答案:Surprisinglyn.单

28、句改错1. (2016 全国卷出改错 )At one time , I even felt my parents couldn ' t understand meso I hoped I could be freely from them.解析:句意为:我甚至一度觉得父母不能理解我,于是我希望能够不受他们的束缚。系动词be 后用形容词。答案: freely ffree2. (2015 全国卷 n 改错 )How nice to see you again ! Dad and I were terrible worried.解析:此处修饰形容词worried,故用副词形式。答案:terr

29、iblefterribly3. (2014 全国卷 I 改错 )We are growing wonderfully tomatoes at no cost!解析:此处修饰名词tomatoes ,故用该词的形容词形式。答案:wonderfullyfwonderful4. (2017 湖北七校联考 )Last but not least , if we are in danger , we should call the police immediate.解析: 句意为: 最后但同样重要的是,如果我们身处险境,我们应该立刻打电话报警。修饰动词call ,应用副词,故将immediate 改为 i

30、mmediately 。答案:immediatefimmediately5. (2017 湖北黄冈调研 )One day in Senior Grade 1, I happened to see an English movie namedSpeed.It was so interested that I watched it again and again.解析: 第二句中的It指代上句中的电影 Speed,指物,应用形容词interesting 修饰,意为“有趣的”。而 interested 意为“感兴趣的”,常用于修饰人。答案: interested finteresting6. (20

31、17 湖南十校共同体联考)When Mr Tang slowly went into the classroom , we could see clearthat it was hard for him to leave us though he had taught us for only three months.解析:句意为:当唐老师慢慢走进教室的时候,我们可以很清楚地看出他很舍不得离开我们,尽管他只教了我们三个月。修饰动词see 应用副词,故将clear 改为 clearly 。答案: clear fclearly7. (2016 广西下学期适应性测试改错)Unfortunate , when he went downstairs again , he found

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