英文修辞 详解Rhetorical_Devices

1、Rhetorical DevicesexamplesMetaphor Greece was the cradle of western culture. Mary was trapped in the net of lies. Learning is climbing up the mountain. His voice thundered in his office. Some books are to be tasted, some to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested. Simile He regards me a

2、s a thorn in his flesh. Her eyes are as blue as the sea. He is like a brave lion. Habit may be likened to a cable; every day we weave a thread, and soon we cannot break it. He has no more ideas of money than a cow.Metonymy转喻转喻,换喻换喻 The pen is mightier than the sword. The kettle is boiling. What you

3、learned in the cradle is carried to the grave. Her heart ruled over her head. The gray hair should be respected by the society. He is another Shylock. Synecdoche提喻提喻 局部整体；抽象具体； 单数复数；原料成品 She has got five mouths to feed. Aunt Melissa is my admiration. Drawing is his bread and butter. Australia beat C

4、anada at cricket. Where did you buy this cotton ? His death made our team lose a strong arm.Personification The wave is kissing the shore near the cliff. The hall applauded for his wonderful speech. The house was cold, closed, and unfriendly. The sun stretches its warmth across the land. I think the

5、 machine is being uncooperative. Walls have ears.Hyperbole She is starving. Maggie smiles and the whole world is happy. I have tried millions of times but it did not work. We have not met you for ages. This box weighs a ton. The movie almost scared us to death.Irony I lost my wallet and the key to t

6、he apartment last night. Was I lucky enough? She is as slender in the middle as a cow in the waist. It must be delightful to find yourself in a strange city without a cent in your pocket. What a nice and warm day today? (Actually, its cold and cloudy. ) Antithesis To err is human; to forgive, divine

7、. Love is an ideal thing, and marriage a real thing. It is easy to say, but hard to do. I agree that it is legal， but I wonder if it is moral. Speech is silver, silence gold.pun We must all hang together, or we shall hang separately. You will go nuts for the nuts you get in Nux. Seven days without w

8、ater makes one weak. What do lawyers do when they die? Lie still. Whats wrong with this fish? Long time no sea (see). What flower does everybody have on the face? Everybody has tulips ( two lips) on the face.Rhetorical question Who knows? ( No one knows.) What is the use of it? ( It is useless.) Can

9、 a man be too cruel to his mothers enemy? (A man can not be too cruel to his mothers enemy.) And who among us is without faults? ( All of us have faults.) Are you dreaming to change your own future? Why not try? ( You may have a try.) How can I forget all these? ( I cant forget all these.) Paralleli

10、sm 1) Reading makes us wise while exercises make us strong. 2) Thinking logically, speaking eloquently and writing explicitly are important elements of good communication. 3) From my observation, many people today spend their time receiving education, working more and more hours, and making more and

11、 more money. 4) The research shows that translation problems are primarily language problems, that the translator must have a good command of both languages, and that a translator weak in any language must upgrade it. 5) Anne is a person of poor understanding, little information, and uncertain tempe

12、rament.Repetition 1) Now is the time to forget everything in the past. Now is the time to get down to the business. Now is the time to work hard for the future. 2) We long for success and we are working hard for success 3) I am convinced that we can succeed, and I am convinced that we must succeed.

13、4) We are now living in a new era, and a new era of reform is always full of ventures and chances.Euphemism She is resting in peace forever. His wife now needs to eat for two. She is feeling her own age now. More attention must be paid to the underachievers in the class. One of the kids wrote four-l

14、etter words in his composition. Transferred Epithet移位修饰法 这是英语语言学分支修辞学的一种重要的修辞手法。它将描写甲事物性状的词语移来描写乙事物的性状。 1、 形容词由指人转移到指物，即从具有某种特性的人转到与这种特性相关的物 The enemy fled in a blind haste. Roosevelt listened with bright-eyed, smiling attention. a happy day; sleepy language; a smiling reply; a wise choice; cold fac

15、ts; trembling terror; blood money; angry brow 怒容; a fiery temper; nervous hours 2、 形容词由指物转移到指人 He is a straightforward person. My father is a solemn scholar of physicsOnomatopoeia拟声词 Onomatopoeia is the formation of words to imitate natural sounds. The buzz of a bee, the hoot of an owl, and the fizz

16、 of soda water are examples of words created from the natural sound. 各类物体的响声: 声音名称 响声 英文英文1、金属磕碰声 当啷 clank, clang2、形容金属的响声 当当 rattle3、金属、瓷器连续撞击声 丁零当啷 jingle, jangle, cling-clang4、鼓声、敲门声 咚咚 rub-a dub ,rat-tat, rat-a-tat5、脆响的（关门）声 吧嗒 click6、敲打木头声 梆梆 rat-tat，rat-at7、重物落下声 咕咚 thud, splash, plump8、东西倾倒声

17、哗啦 crash, clank9、风吹动树枝叶声 飒飒 sough, rustle10、树枝等折断声 嘎巴 crack, snap 11、不大的寒风声 瑟瑟 rustle12、踩沙子、飞沙击物或风吹草木 沙沙、飒飒 rustle13、飞机螺旋桨转动 呼呼 whirr14、雨点敲击房顶 噼里啪啦 patter15、水流动声 拔拉 splash, gurgle16、物体受压 嘎吱 creak 喀嚓 crack. snap17、溪水、泉水流动声 潺潺 murmur, babble, purl18、液体、沸腾、水流涌出或大口喝水声 咕嘟 babble, gurgle19、重物落地声 扑通 flop,

18、thump, splash, pit-a-pat20、笑声、水、气挤出声 扑哧 titter, snigger, fizz21、雷声、爆炸声、机器声 隆隆 hum, rumble, roll22、汽笛或喇叭声 呜呜 toot, hoot, zoom23、油在锅里 滋滋 sizzle24、鞭炮爆炸声 噼啪 pop25、脚踏楼板声 登登 clumpOxymoron 矛盾修饰法 A rhetorical figure in which incongruous or contradictory terms are combined, as in a deafening silence and a mo

19、urnful optimist. E.g.: sound of silence, a true lie, victorious defeat, falsely true, sweet sadness， much ado about nothing. 所谓矛盾修辞法(Oxymoron)是指将语义截然相反对立的词语放在一起使用，来揭示某一项事物矛盾性质的一种修辞手法。换言之，它使用两种不相协调，甚至截然相反的特征来形容一项事物，以增强语言感染力。在阅读理解解码过程中，矛盾修辞法可以产生出两种强烈的修辞效果 Oxymoron第一，出人意料出人意料。由于两部分语义相互矛盾，合并使用有悖常理，所以矛盾修

20、辞强烈碰撞读者的神经思维，起到意想不到，启发思维的作用，为进一步深化理解奠定了基础。例如英语的cruel kindness,汉语的“真实的谎言”和“甜美的复仇”便是矛盾修辞法的具体表现。读到上述那样的矛盾词语组合读者肯定会有出乎意料的感觉。第二，引人入胜引人入胜。矛盾词语的冲击会激发读者进一步深化理解的欲望。在仔细推敲这种看似矛盾的语言表达之后，读者会发现矛盾修辞法所表示的语义矛盾不仅符合逻辑，而且使文章更加形象生动，意蕴丰富且深刻。 Alliteration押头韵押头韵 Alliteration is the repetition of initial consonant sounds in

21、 two or more neighboring words or syllables. Also known as: initial rhyme E.g.: Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers. the wild winds of winter Analogy 类比类比 An analogy is in the form a is to b as c is to d. In other words the relationship of a to b is analogous or similar to that of c to d. For example: A cap is to a bottle as a lid is to a jar. Appropriate praise to a child is what t