英语作文段落写作的有效方法-英语写作技巧

1、英语作文段落写作的有效方法 - 英语写作技巧1. 比较与对照的基本定义比较 (comparison) 主要是指出两个或两个以上不同种类的共同点 或相似点 (similarities) ，如人物、事物、地点、思想、观点等。对 照 (contrast) 主要是指它们的不同点 (difference) 。在大学英语中， 比较和对照法往往同时使用。写作时，首先应考虑要比较和对照的两 个或两个以上的事物， 然后列一个表，发现这些事物的最主要特征， 相同的或类似的特征能够比较，不同的特征能够组成对照。例如：例 1.Punctuality is the main constituent of good ch

2、aracter.Aperson ， who is always in time for his appointment shows real considerationfor others.On the other hand， aperson who is always lateshows his selfishness and thoughtlessness and he is not worthy tobe friend with.( 本段对 守时(in time)与不能守时(late)的两种不同的人实行了对照，用表示对照的连接词“ On the otherhand ”实行了很好的连接。

3、)。例 2.Paintings and photographs have something in common.But there are also some differences between them.(这段很好地展示出本文将用比较与对照的方法实行写作。 )Paintings and photographs are visual art forms.They both cancapture a specific moment for all time.A painting reflects the skilland talent of a painter， likewise the

4、quality of aphotograph canrepresent the skill and talent of a photographer.( 本段对 paintingsand photographs 两个不同的种类实 行了分析， 用连接词 (both) 实行了很好的连接，用连接词 (likewise) 用同样的方式对它们的相同点 (the skill and talent) 实行了比较 )。Photographs are created by using film ， a camera， and specialpaper.In contrast ， paintings are cr

5、eated with paint，brushes ，andcanvas.Photographs ， like paintings， are oftenframed and displayedon walls in homes and galleries.Both can vary in size.However，photographs are usually small enough tokeep in albumswhere they document family events. （ 本段比较和 对照法同时使用 ）。In conclusion, although paintings and

6、photographs are similarin some ways ， there are also some differences between them.（ 本段对本文的比较与对照实行了小结 ）。2. 比较与对照的两种基本写作方法2.1 整体对比法 （one-side-at-a-time method）整体对比法：既先描述甲，再描述乙 （A1， A2， A3， .B1 ， B2， B3， .） 例 如大学英语作文“ Where to live In the City or inthe Countryside ” 第一段可描述几点城市生活 （A1， A2， A3， .），第二段可描述

7、几点农村生活 （B1， B2， B3， .） ，用整体对比法写作。例 3.Many people appreciate the conveniences of the city.（A）.The city has better transportation service and health care.Citydwellers can easily enjoy themselves in restaurants，departmentstores and concert halls.They are well-informed about what is goingon at home and

8、abroad ， and have the access to better education ， better jobs and more opportunities for business. （A1 ， A2， A3， .）But country life is also attractive. （B）.Country people are inclose contact with nature.They breathe fresh air and listen to thesong of the birds.They make friends with crops and trees

9、， cowsandsheep.And they enjoy the peace and calm of the pastoral environment.（B1 ， B2， B3， .）However， both the city and the country have their own disadvantages.The city ， despite all its good points ， may be a place toocrowded for people to live in.And urban citizens areoften underpressure ， worryi

10、ng over such problems as pollution crime and unemployment.（A1 ， A2，.）.As for rural inhabitants they are freefrom becoming layoffs all right ，yet they may find life far from thecity less convenient， and sometimes notas colorful or full of vigor.（B1，B2，.）2.2 逐项对比法 （point-by-point method） 逐项对比法： 既双方同 时

11、描述， 逐点实行比较 （A1 ，B1;A2，B2;A3，B3.）例 4.Riding a bicycle has a lot of advantages over driving acar.First ， it is a physical exercise to ride a bicycle. （A1）.In contrast ，sitting in the car，one tends to gainweight.（B1）.Besides ，it ismuch more economical to ride a bike than drive a car.On the otherhand，th

12、e only fee a bike-riderhas to pay is the annual tax.However，the annual fees for acar are costly. （A2，B2）.On the otherhand ，a bike needn 't beequipped with a parking lot，but a carmust.（A3 ， B3）.Mostimportant of all，it is beneficial to the environmentto ridea bicycle because the bike doesn' t consume petrol;i tis apollution -free transport.In contrast，the