一般过去时讲解

1、1, 一般过去时（1） 一般过去时的概念、构造以及用法一般过去时用来表示过去某一时间内发生的动作或存在的状态以及过去习惯性、反复性的动作.谓语动词要用动词的过去式,常和表示过去的时间状语连用,如yesterday昨天、last night 昨晚、last week上周、last year去年,等.一般过去时主要表示过去的动作或状态.在句子中由主语+动词的过去式来表达.1,He walks to school.一般现在时2,He walked to school.一般过去时例1.中的动词walks时现在式,由于主语是第三人称单数he,因此原因的walk必须加上"s,表示目前习惯性、经常

2、性动作.可译为“他现在经常步行上学.例2.中的动词walked是过去式,过去式是表达过去事情的动词形式,所以这句话时表 示的是过去的某时, 例如昨天、上周或学生时代等过去的某一时间,这句可译为“他曾经步 行上学.2一般过去时的几种构造1. be动词的过去式am与is的过去式是 wasare的过去式是 werebe动词的过去时的句型如下：肯定句： 主语+be动词的过去式was were否认句： 主语+ be动词的过去式was, were+ not 疑问句：be动词的过去式was, were+主语?OHe was busy yesterday.肯定句他昨天很忙.OHe was not busy y

3、esterday.否认句他昨天不忙.OWas he busy yesterday?疑问句他昨天忙吗1be动词过去时的肯定句Mike was in the United States last year.麦克去年在美国.be动词的现在式和过去式：There is (are )的句型用于一般过去时需把is , are变为它们的过去式： There was (were)2be动词过去式的否认句He was not in Canada last year.他去年不在加拿大.be动词过去时的否认句的构造和现在时一样,只要在be动词过去式was, were后面加上not就可以了.否认式的 was not

4、, were not大多使用缩写形式 wasn' t和weren' t .I wasn' t busy the other day前几天我不忙.3be动词的过去时的疑问句一般疑问句Was it raining in Beijing yesterday?Yes, it was.No, it wasn' t. I t was cloudy.昨天下雨了吗是的,下了不,没下雨.昨天阴天.be动词过去时一般疑问句的构造和一般现在时一样,只要把be动词的过去式 was, were调到主语前面即可. was (were ) +主语? 答复时,需要用Yes, - was (we

5、re)或No wasn' t (weren' t)Was your father free this morning? 今天上午你爸爸有空吗Yes, he was .是的,他有空. No, he wasn' t .不,他没空.练习题一、用be动词的适当形式填空1. I at school just now.2. He at the camp last week.3. We students two years ago.4. They on the farm a moment ago.5. Yang Ling eleven years old last year.6. T

6、here an apple on the plate yesterday.7. There some milk in the fridge on Sunday.8. The mobile phone on the sofa yesterday evening.2.一般动词的过去时一般动词过去式的根本句型如下：肯定句： 主语+动词的过去式 否认句：主语+ did not +动词原形疑问句：Did +主语+动词原形OHe played tennis last week.肯定句他上周打网了.OHe did not play tennis last week.否认句上周他没打网球.ODid he pl

7、ay tennis last week?疑问句上周他打网球了吗规那么动词的过去式1 一般情况下,在动词原形后面加-edolook f looked play fplayed start f started visit visitedull-pulled, cook-cooked2 .以不发音e结尾的动词,在词尾直接加 -d.live f lived use f used taste-tasted3 .以“辅音字母+ y "结尾的动词,先将 y改为i,再加-ed.study f studied try f tried fly f flied4 .以重读闭音节即辅音+元音+辅音 或r音节

8、结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词, 要先双写这个辅音字母后,再加 -ed.stop f stoppedplan f planned prefer f preferred那么什么是重读闭音节必须是重读音节以一个辅音字母结尾元音字母发短音总结来说就是：一元一辅,又重又短例子：beg drag drop drip滴下5不规那么动词的过去式需特殊记忆.1把动词原形中的i改为a,变成过去式.如:begin began, drinkdrank, give gave, ring rang, sing sang, sit： sat, swimswam2把重读开音节 中的i改为o,变成过去式.如：drivedr

9、ove, riderode, writewrote3改动词原形中的aw /ow为ew,变成过去式.如：drawdrew , growgrew , know knew , throw threw 动 词 show 除 夕卜, showshowed4动词原形 中的e改为o,变成过去式.如： get got, forgetforgot5动词原形中的ee改为e,变成过去式.如:feedfed, meet met6动词原形中的7动词原形中的8动词原形中的9动词原形中的stand stood,eep 改为 ept,变成过去式.如：keep kept, sleep slept, sweep swept ea

10、k 改为 oke, 变成过去式.如：break broke, speak spokeell 改为 old,变成过去式.如：sell sold, telltoldan改为oo,变成过去式.如：understand understood10以ought和aught结尾,且读音是：t的过去式.如：bring brought, buy bought, think thought, catch- caught, teach taught11以ould结尾且读音为ud的情态动词 过去式.如：can could, shall should, willwould12把动词原形中的 .改为a,变成过去式.如:e

11、 came, beebecame13在动词原形后加 d或t变成过去式,并且发生音变.如：hear heard, mean meant14动词的过去式与动词原形一样.如：letlet, must must, putput, read read, cost cost, cutcut, hit hit, put put, hurt hurt15不符合上述规律的动词过去式.如：am, iswas, are were, build built, dodid , eat ate, fall fell, feelfelt, find found , flyflew , go went, have /has

12、had, hold held , leave left, make made, maymight , runran, see saw, take took,say said 1.一般动词过去式的肯定句We had a good time yesterday昨天我们过得很愉快.He had a good time yesterday昨天他过得很快乐.一般过去时没有人称和数的变化.因此,主语即使是单数、第三人称,也和其他人称 一样化.OI watched TV for an hour.我看了一个小时的电视.OShe studied Russian two years ago. 两年前他学俄语.2

13、.一般动词过去时的否认句We did not have a good time yesterday昨天我们过得不好.一般动词过去时的否认句的构造和一般现在时够定句的构造一样,不管主语是第几人 称,还是单、复数,在主语后面加上 did not 而不是do not,或does not就可以了. 否认式did not常用缩写形式didn' t .OHe didn' t have classesthis morning. 今天上午他没课 .OYou didn' t do your best to do it. 你没有尽力去做.3 .一般动词过去时的疑问句Did he go th

14、ere?M去那了吗Yes, he did. (No, he didn' t .)是的,他去了.不,他没去.When did you get up this morning? At six.今天早晨你几点钟起床的六点钟.一般动词过去时一般疑问句的构造和一般现在时一般疑问句的构造一样,无论主语是 第几人称,单数、复数,在主语前面加上did即可.O Did Tom go with you骸姆和你一起去的吗Yes, he did . (No, he didn' t .)是的.不,不是的OHow many subjects did you study last term?上学期你们学习几

15、门功课We studied seven我们学习七门课.比较一般动词的现在时和过去时一般现在时一般过去时肯定句 I go . He goes . I went . He went .否认句 I don' t go . He doesn' t go . I didn' t go . He didn' t go .疑问句 Do you go ? Does he go ? Did you go ? Did he go ?3一般过去时的几种用法1 .带有确定的过去时间状语时,要用过去时如：yesterday 昨天,two days ago两天前,last year去年.,

16、the other day前 几天,once upon a time过去曾经,just now刚刚,in the old days过去的日子里, before liberation解放前,when I was 8 years old当我八岁时.2 .表示过去一段时间内经常反复的动作.常与always, never等连用.O Mrs. Peter always carried an umbrella.彼得太太过去老是带着一把伞.只是说明她过去的动作,不说明她现在是否常带着 伞.OMrs. Peter always carries an umbrella.彼得太太老是带着伞.说明这是她的习惯,说明

17、她现在仍然还习惯总带着一把伞.3 .有些句子,虽然没有表示过去确定时间的状语,但实际上是指过去发生的动作或存在的状态的话,也要用过去时,这一点,我们要特别注意.OI didn' t know you were in Pairs.我不知道你在巴黎.由于在说话时,我已经知道你在巴黎了.这句话指的是说话前,所以只能用过去时表示.实际上,这句话暗指：But now I know you are here.OI thought you were ill.我以为你病了呢.这句话应是在说话前,我以为你病了,但是现在我知道你没病.练习题一、请用正确动词形式填空1. He (live) in Wuxi

18、two years ago.2. The cat (eat) a bird last night.3. We (have) a party last Halloween. 44. Nancy (pick) up oranges on the farm last week.5. I (make) a model ship with Mike yesterday.6. They (play) chess in the classroom last PE lesson.7. My mother (cook) a nice food last Spring Festival.8. The girls (dance) at the party last night.9. I (watch) a cartoon on Saturday last week.10. you(visit) your relatives last Spring Festival?11. he(fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he.12. Gao Shan(put) up the picture last night.13. I(sweep) the floor yesterday.14. 14. What she(find) in the garden last morning?15.