2012年突破高考英语词汇篇(100篇短文)(6-10篇)

1、第6篇Something in chocolate could be used to stopcoughsand lead to moreeffectivemedicines,sayUKresearchers.Theirstudy found that theobromine（可碱）,found in cocoa,was nearly a third more effective instopping coughs than codeine（可待因）,whichwas considered the best cough medicine at present.The Imperial（皇家的;

2、帝国的）CollegeLondon researchers whopublishedtheir results on li ne saidthediscoverycouldleadto more effective coughtreatme ntWhile coughing is not necessarilyharmfulit can have a majoreffecton thequalityof life,and this discovery could be ahugestep forward intreatingthis problem,said aprofessor.Ten he

3、althyvolunteerswere given theobromine,codeine or placebo（安慰齐 U） ,apill thatcontainsno medicine,duringtheexperiment.Neitherthe volunteers nor the researchersknew whoreceivedwhich pill,The researchers thenmeasuredlevelsof capsaicin（辣椒碱）,which is used in research tocausecoughing and as asignofhow well

4、the medicine are stopping coughs.The team found that,when the volunteerswere given theobromine,the capsaicinneed to produce a cough wasarounda third higher than in the placebo group.Whenthey were givencodeine they need onlyslightlyhigher levels of capsaicin to cause a coughcomparedwith the placebo.T

5、he researchers said that theobromine worked by keeping down a nerve activity（神经活动）,whichcause coughing.They also found thatunlikesomestandardcough treatme nts,theobro mine causedn osideeffects（不良反应；副作用）such as sleep in ess.英国研究人员（researcher）说，巧克力（chocolate）中的某种成分可用于止咳（cough），并可用于 生产更有效的（effective）药物

6、。他们研究发现，可可（cocoa）里所含的可可碱，其止咳疗效比目前（at present）被认为是最有效的止咳药的可待因还要高出约（nearly）三分之一。英国伦敦皇家学院（college）的研究人员在网上发布了（publish）研究结果，他们认为这项发现（discovery）会带来（lead to）更有效的止咳治疗（treatment）。一位教授说；虽然咳嗽不一定有害（harmful），却有可能对生活的质量（quality）产生相当大的影响（effect）。这项发现是在这个问题的解决上向前（forward）迈出的一大步（a huge step）。”在一次实验（experiment）中，研究人

7、员给十名健康的（healthy）志愿者（volunteer）每人一片（pill）不含（not contain）西药成分的药片- 可可碱、可待因或宽心丸。志愿者和研究人员都不（neither）知道志愿者各自得到的是何种药片。然后研究人员测量（measure） 了辣椒素的含量，在实验中辣椒素的作用是诱发咳嗽并作为止咳疗效的标志（sign）。通过对辣椒素水平的分析，研究小组发现服用可可碱的志愿者与服用宽心丸的志愿者相比，前者要吸 入浓度大约（around）高三分之一的辣椒素才能引发咳嗽。服用可待因的志愿者与服用宽心丸的志愿者相比（compared with/to），前者需要吸入的辣椒素浓度要稍高（s

8、lightly higher）于后者才可引发咳嗽。研究人员说，可可碱是通过控制引发咳嗽的神经活动起作用。研究人员还表示，可可碱不同于（unlike）标准的（standard）止咳方法，可可碱对睡眠等并无任何副作用（side effects）。第7篇Without properplanning,tourismcan cause problems.For example,too many tourists cancrowdpublic places that are also enjoyed by the inhabitants（居民）of a co untry.If touristscreate

9、too muchtraffic,the in habita nts（居民）becomea nno yedand unhappy.They begin todisliketourists and totreat themimpolitely.Theyforgethow much tourism can help the countrys economy经济）to keep asteady in crease.It is important to think about the people of adestinationcountry and howtourismaffectsthem Tour

10、ism should help a country keep thecustomsand beauty thatattracttourists.Tourismshould alsoadva neethe well-be ing（health and happ in ess）oflocalin habita nts（居民）.Too much tourism can be a problem If tourism grows too quickly,people must leave other jobs towork in the tourismindustry.Thismeansthat ot

11、her parts of the countrys economy can suffer.On the other hand,if there is not eno ugh tourism,people can lose their jobs.Bus in ess can alsolose money. Itcosts agreat deal of mon ey to build largehotels,airports,airterm in als,first-classroads,and othersupportfacilities（设备；设施）n eeded by tourists at

12、tract ions.For example,a majorin ter nati onal-classtourism hotel can costas much as50thousanddollars perroom to build.If this room is not used most of the time,theownersof the hotel lose moneyBuilding a hotel is just abeginning.There must beamplesupport facilities as well,includingroads to get to t

13、he hotel,electricity,sewers（阴沟）tohandlewaste,and water.All of these supportfacilities cost money If they are not used because there are not eno ugh tourists,jobs and money arelost.没有合适的规划(plan)，旅游(tourism)可能会导致很多问题。例如，太多的游客(tourist)会涌向(crowd)本地居民休闲的公共场所。如果游客造成(create)交通(traffic)拥挤，会使当地居民会感到烦恼(annoy)

14、。他们开始不喜欢(dislike)游客，并不礼貌地(impolitely)对待他们。他们忘记了(forget)旅游有助于国家经济保持稳定增长(steady in crease)。考虑旅游目的地(desti nation)的人民和旅游对他们的影响(affect)很重要。旅游应当有助于一个国家保持吸引(attract)游客的风俗(custom)和美丽，也应当提升(advanee)当地(local)居民的福利水平(健康和幸福)旅游业过于旺盛可能会成为问题。如果旅游业增长过快，人民必然会放弃其他工作而致力于旅游行业(industry)。这意味着(mean)国家经济其他部分可能会遭受(suffer)损失

15、。另一方面，如果旅游业不好，人们可能会失去工作。企业效益也可能会减少。建造大型旅馆(hotel)、机场(airport)、航空站(air terminal)，一级公路，以及吸引游客的其他辅助(support)设施需要花费(cost)大量(agreat deal of)资金。例如，一个大型国际(international)级别的旅馆，每个(per)房间可能就需要 5 万美元(dollar)。而如果这个房间在大部分时间里没有游客使用，旅馆的所有者(owner)就会遭受损失。建造旅馆仅仅是一个开始（beginning），还有大量的（ample）配套设施，包括通往旅馆的路，电（electricity）

16、，处理（handle）垃圾的下水道和水。所有这些都需要钱。如果这一切因为游客不足而没 有得到使用，将会减少很多工作机会，而投入的成本也会打水漂。餡 a 苗第8篇Tomchews pens.Hebitesthem sohardthat his boss haswarnedhim to stop or buy his ownKatesweaknessis more acceptable（可以接受的）-she is unable to walk past acakeshop withoutovereating.Sophia,ananchorwoman 仙ds hercigarettehabit a

17、headache,while Alice,a ballet dancer,her thumb（ 拇指）-sucking drivesheraggressiveboy friendcrazy.Four people with very differenthabits,but they allshare acommoiproblem-anxiety disorderor,inserious cases,Obsessive CompulsiveDisorder（OCD（强迫症）.From n ail-bit ing to too much ha nd-wash ing,overeat ing and

18、 internetaddicti on,OCDswidespreadin almost every workplace andcountlesshomes.It is a relatively（相对地;比较地）commonformof an xiety,says Dr.MooteeThe ma in feature（特征）of OCD is therepetiti on（重复）of unwan ted obsessive（强迫性的;过度的）thoughts such as worries that doors are leftuni ocked,gas or electrical applia

19、 nces（电器）are left onIn order to fight aga inst the addict ion anddisorders caused by these obsessi ons,an OCDsufferer performs some form of repetitive act such as han d-wash ing,check ing door locks and gas orelectrical appliances.Dr.Mootee says that repetitive（重复性的）wash ing,particularlyof the han d

20、s,is the most com montype of OCD She has treated manypatie ntswho wash their hands up to30times a day.ThetechniqueMootee uses to treat people with OCDis called cognitive-behavioral therapy（认知行为疗法）.It isbasedon thegeneralidea that people have the ability to change the way they think andbehave,saysMoo

21、tee.But whe n does a habit become a problem? Itspers onal,says Mootee. Every one hassomethingunusual,but if you cant put up with it,then its a problem and you need to do something tochange it. ”Mootee says many people resist treatment because they fear they arecrazy. ”But aspeople become moreknowled

22、geableabout these problems they will go and get help.The only way tocureis to conquer（征服）.汤姆嚼（chew）钢笔。他把它们咬（bite）得不成样子，以至于他的老板警告（warn）他：要么停止，要么自己去买铅笔。凯特的缺点（weakness）更容易让人接受些（be more acceptable）她每次路过蛋 糕店都要把自己吃撑。 索菲亚，一个电台的主持人（anchor），则发现自己吸烟的习惯（cigarette habit） 是件很头疼的事（headache）。而艾丽斯，一位芭蕾舞（ballet）者，她吮

23、吸（suck）拇指的习惯快要把她上 进的（aggressive）男朋友逼疯（drive sb.crazy）了。 这四个人有不同的习惯， 但他们面临着共同的（common问题焦虑症（anxietydisorder），或者在严重的情况下（in serious cases）-强迫性神 经官能障碍。从咬指甲到过度洗手，暴饮暴食，网络上瘾（addiction），强迫性神经官能障碍在每个工作单位和无数家庭（countless families）中都随处可见。这是一个相对来说比较常见的焦虑症表现形式（form）之一。”Mootee博士说，“强迫性神经官能障碍的主要特征就是不断重复不必要的想法，比如怀疑门没有

24、锁，或是煤气、电器(electrical即pliances)没关。为了摆脱这种强迫性的焦虑，强迫性神经官能障碍患者会重复某种行为，如洗手、检查门锁、煤气或电器。Mootee博士说反复地清洗，特别是手，是强迫性神经官能障碍中最常见的一种。她治疗过很多一天 洗手 30 次以上的病人。Mootee用来治疗他们的方法(technique)被称作认知行为治疗法。这种疗法是建立在这样一种普遍(general)认识的基础(base)上，即人们有能力改变自己的思维和行为(behave)方式。”Mootee说。但是，一种习惯在何时会成为问题呢？“这因人而异(11s personal)，”Mootee说，每个人都

25、有与众不同的(unusual)地方，但是如果你自己都受不了了，那么它就是个问题了，这时你就需要做些什么 来改变它。Mootee说很多病人拒绝(resist)治疗，因为他们咱自己“疯了。但是当人们对这些问题 了解得更多(be moreknowledgeable about sth.)时，他们就会去寻求帮助。而唯一的治疗(cure) 方法就是克服它。第9篇Many facts suggest that children are overweight and the situationis gettingworse,according to the doctors. I feel there are

26、 a number of reasons for this.Somepeople blame the fact that we are surrounded by shops selling unhealthy,fatty foods,suchas fried chicken and ice cream),at low prices This has turned out a whole generation of grown-ups whoseldom cook a meal for themselves If there were fewer of these restaurants th

27、en probably childrenwould buy less take-away food(外带食品).There is another argument that blames parents for allowingtheir children tobecomeoverweight I approve of this,because good eating habits begin early in life,long before childrenstart to visit fast food0shops If children are given friedchicken a

28、nd chocolate rather than healthy food,or are always allowed to choose what they eat,they willgo for sweet and salty foods every time,and this will carry on throughout their lives.There is a third reason for this situationChildren these days take very littleexercise They do not walk to schoolWhen the

29、y get home they sit in front of thetelevisionor their computers and play computer games Not only is this an unhealthypastime(丫肖遣),it also gives them time to eat more unhealthy food What they need is to go outside andplay active gamesor sports like jogging,cyclingtennis,tabletennis(pin g-p on g),badm

30、 inton,bowli ng,baseball,football/soccer,volleyball and basketball.The above are the main reasons for this problem,and therefore we have to encourage youngpeople to be more active,as well as helping them get rid of bad eating habits.据医生反应，很多事实 表明(suggest)孩子们超重(overweight)，而且情况正变得 更糟(worse)。 我感觉出现这种现

31、象有几个方面的原因。一些人将其 归咎(blame)于这样一种事实一我们被以低价销售 炸鸡(fried chicken)、冰淇淋(ice cream)等各种不健康、高脂肪食品的商店所 包围(surround)。这使得整整一代 成年人(grown-up) 很少为自己做(cook)饭。如果没有这么多的 餐馆(restaurants)，很可能(probably)孩子们就不会 买这么多外带食品。还有一种论点(argument)认为父母应当为他们的孩子体重超重负责。我赞同(approve of)这一点。因为良好的饮食习惯是在早期养成的，在孩子们开始去快餐(fast food)店之前很久就开始了。如果孩子们

32、被给予炸鸡或巧克力，而不是(rather than)健康食品，或者总是被允许挑选他们想要吃的东西，他们每次都会选择 甜(sweet)和咸的(salty)食物，而且这种习惯会 贯穿一生(throughoutones life)。出现这种情况还有一个原因。现在的孩子们运动的少。他们不步行去学校。到家时，就坐在电视或电脑(computer)前(front of)打电子游戏。这不仅是一种不健康的消遣方式，也给了孩子们吃更多 不健康食品的时间。他们需要的是走出去进行一些积极的(active)游戏或运动，如 慢跑(jogging)，骑自行车(cycli ng)，网球(te nnis)，乒乓球(table

33、tennis/pin g-p ong)，羽毛球(badm inton)，保龄 球(bowling)，棒球(baseball)，足球(football/soccer)，排球(volleyball)，篮球等。以上是导致超重的主要原因，因而(therefore)我们必须鼓励(encourage)年轻人更加活跃，同时帮助他们摆脱(get rid of)不良饮食习惯。第10篇Below is adiscussion on a websiteStuck on a desertisland.Started on23rd April by Steve Posts(帖子)1-7of42Post1Steve US

34、AHi,every one.What would you miss most andleastif you were stuck on a desert island?For meit would be the changingseasonsin NewEngland.Iguessthis will soundstupidbut Id probably misstherain,too.I would nt miss gett ing up at six every day to go to work,though!By the way, dealing withpeople is the mo

35、st important aspect of my work.What about you?Post2Tomas GermanyGood question Steve,I think Id miss different types of bread,and shopping at the supermarket.Id miss the food most.What would I miss least?My mobile phone I d like to be completely quiet-at leastfor a little whilePost3Paola ItalyI would

36、 miss the compa nyof people because I know IJd like to have some on eto shareexperie nceswith.Id gomado n myow n And I sure would nt miss junk mail（垃圾邮件）-IPost4Miko JapanHi,I would miss Mangacartoon,the Internet and Japanese food,like sushi.I d also miss TVshows and shopp ing for clothes.In fact,Id miss everyth ing.I will beboredto death without anycompanionPost5Roger UKI would miss my daily newspaper and Listening to the news on TV and radio.Id feel very cut offif I did nt kno w what was happe ning in the world.What Id miss least would be traffic jams in the city,partic