第一部分必修四Unit2

1、阅读词汇请匹配下列单词与其词义1statisticA n.肥料；化肥2FertilizerBn.数据；统计；统计数字；统计资料3bacteriaCn.矿物；矿石4NutritionDn.营养；滋养；食物5mineral En.细菌6underline F vt.画底线标出；强调7circulate G n.工作，职业；占领8occupation H n.产量；输出9output I adj.肥沃的；富饶的10fertile Jvt.& vi.循环；流传答案 1.B 2.A 3.E 4.D 5.C 6.F 7.J 8.G 9.H 10.I高频词汇请根据汉语提示完成下列词块1struggl

2、e against/with difficulties 与困难作斗争 2rid a house of mice 清除室内的老鼠 3reduce the speed降低速度 4expand a business扩展业务 5comment on an article评论文章 6battle against the illness与疾病作斗争 7the focus of world 's attent世ion界关注的中心 8for decades on end数十年如一日 9a hunger for learning 求知欲 10be engaged in import and export

3、做进出口贸易11change their nationality 改变他们的国籍12a strong personality坚强的个性拓展词汇请填入括号内单词的正确形式1The car transformed America from a farm based society into an industrial(industry) power.(2018 浙江 6 月·卷 )2After a series of fruitless attempts to find a way out, we felt hungry(hunger) and tired.3After several

4、weeks ' successful work, I began to notice that egg production(produce) was going down.(2016浙江 10·月卷 )4On the one hand, they ' d love to have kids, but on the other hand, th want to give up their freedom (free)5He was really confused by the confusing problem which also confused othe peo

5、ple for a long time.(confuse)6Our school offers good equipment and you will be well equipped with knowledge and skills for your future job.(equip)7Disturbing news came that the virus spread quickly, which made us rather disturbed (disturb)8The discoverer of electricity was Franklin; like many discov

6、eries,_it benefits us greatly.(discover)必会短语请根据汉语提示完成下列词块1in_addition 另外2build_up some trust 建立些许信任3lead_to good results导致好的结果4focus_on the question of homeless people致力于无家可归者的问题 5be_rich_in gold 盛产黄金6thanks_to your help 由于你的帮助7be_satisfied_with the result对这个结果满意8would_rather sacrifice his life 宁可牺牲

7、他的生命9rid him of any laziness 使他摆脱怠惰10keep us free from/of the disease使我们摆脱疾病必仿佳句1.原句 If so, what did you do to grow them?2原句 In 1973, he becamet he first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a high output.3 原句 He would much rather keep time for his hobbies. 4原句 This special strain

8、 of rice makes it possible to produce 20% more of the crop in the same fields.1仿写 你赞同我推迟我们去云南的 旅行吗？如果赞同，请尽快写信告诉 我。Do you agree that I will put our visit to Yunnan off？If_so,_write back to tell me about it as soon as possible. 2仿写 她总是第一个到办公室最后 一个离开，我猜这就是她那么快得到晋 升的原因。She is alwaysthe_first_person_to_g

9、et_to_the_ office and the_last_to_leave,_which I guess is why she gets promoted so quickly.3仿写 现在越来越多的人宁愿不住 在大城市里。Nowadays more and more people would_rather_not_live_in_big_cit ies4仿写 他的梦想是奥运会将使得各 个国家和人民和平共处。His dream was that the Olympic Games wouldmake_it_possible_for_countries_an d_people_to_live

10、 peacefully side by side.1. struggle vi.& n 斗争；拼搏；努力 struggle for为 而奋斗struggle against 与 斗争；为反对 而斗争 struggle with 与 斗争；与 并肩作战 struggle to do sth 努力做某事 完成语段Unluckily, the farmers have suffered a heavy drought this year.They have to struggle for a living.They are struggling with/against the bad we

11、ather for a better harvest.Anyway, they must struggle_to_increase_their_income努( 力增加收入 ) 佳句背诵 Because a college community differs from the family, many students will struggle to find a sense of belonging.因为大学不同于家庭，许多学生将很难找到一种归属感。2. rid vt.摆脱；除去rid.of.使 摆脱或除去 rid oneself of 使某人自己摆脱 get rid of 摆脱；除去；扔

12、掉 单句语法填空 /句型转换 It 's very hard for people to rid the worolfd w ar. As a student, you shouldg et rid of the bad habits . As a student, you shouldr id_yourself_of_the_bad_habits(rid)佳句背诵 I went through about four years of being addicted to video games but fortunately I managed to get rid of/rid my

13、self of it.我经历过大约 4 年沉溺于电脑游戏，但幸运的是我成功地戒除了。名师指津 “动词某人 of某物”常见短语还有： rob sb of sth抢劫某人某物 remind sb of sth 提醒某人某事 inform sb of sth 通知某人某事 convince sb of sth 使某人信服某事3. regret vt.遗憾；惋惜 n遗憾；懊悔(1) regret to do sth 对要做的事感到遗憾 (未做 ) regret doing/having done sth 对做过的事遗憾 /后悔(已做过 )(2) to one's regret 令某人抱歉 /

14、遗憾的是(3) regrettable adj. 令人遗憾的，令人懊悔的 regretful adj. 遗憾的；后悔的单句语法填空 /句型转换 I regretted to_tell(tell) him that he had been dismissed.To my surprise, he said to me, “ Ih ave no regrets(regret)I only regret taking/having_taken(take) the wrong job. ” John regretted that he had not attended last week's

15、lecture.John regrettedn ot_attending/having_attendedl ast week ' s lecture. 佳句背诵 Much to my regret /To my great regret, I am unable to help you. 很遗憾我不能帮你。4. focus vt.集中注意力；聚焦 n焦点；关注点(1) focus on/upon 集中于 focus one's attention/eyes/energy on/upon. 集中注意力 /目光/精力于 (2) the focus of. 的焦点 单句语法填空 /句

16、型转换 The book focuses on big questions: What has science revealed about human nature? No matter what noise there might be, he manages tof ix /concentrate his attention on reading. Nomatter what noise there might be, he managesto_focus_his_attention_on/upon_reading (focus)佳句背诵 Health and environmental

17、 problems have become increasingly the focus of attention .健康和环境问题日益成为人们瞩目的焦点。名师指津 表示“集中注意力 /精力于 ”的短语还有： pay attention to sth, put one's heart into sth, fix/concentrate one's attention on sth等。5. equip vt.& vi.装备；配备(1)equip sb/sth with sth用装备 equip sb/sth for./to do sth 为 而装备某人或物 /使某人或物具

18、备条件做某事be well/poorly equipped 设备精良的 /差的(2)equipment n. U 设备单句语法填空 /句式升级 It is often said that human beings are naturally equipped to_speak (speak) They are equipped with new scientific farming methods, so they have been able to use less farmland than in the past. Equipped_with_new_scientific_farming

19、_methods,_they have been able to use less farmland than in the past用.( 分词短语作状语 ) 佳句背诵 A good education shoulde quip you for life. 良好的教育能使你受用终生。6. comment n议论，评论；解释；批评 v 表达意见；作出评论(1)comment on 对 作出评论(2)make a comment/comments on 对 作出评论no comment 无可奉告单句语法填空 /句型转换 Many countries made comments (comment)

20、 on the failed satellite launch. The teacher oftenc omments on how different the two boys are. The teacher often makes_a_comment/comments_on how different the two boys are.(comment n)7. reduce vt.减少；缩小；降低；使 陷入某种更糟的状态reduce sth to.减少到 reduce sth by. 减少了 be reduced to 沦落为 (to 为介词 )单句语法填空 /完成句子 With gr

21、eat effort, she has reduced her weight by five kilograms in the past 7 days. Believe it or not, the rich man should be_reduced_to_begging_for_a_living沦( 落到乞讨为生 )8. build up 逐渐增强；建立；开发；夸赞；聚集；积累build oneself up增强体质build oneself up to sth 为 做准备build up one's health/body 增进健康build up a fame 建立名声一词多义

22、 写出下列句子中 build up的含义 He hasb uilt up a good business over the years from a small beginnin建g.立 He'sb uilding me up too muchI may disappoint him.夸赞 Exercise will help build up the muscles逐. 渐增强 Bears build up fat stores throughout the summer and fall to have enough energy to last them through thei

23、r winter sleep聚. 集；积累9.lead to 导致；造成 （后果 ）lead sb to do sth 使某人做某事lead sb to/into. 带领某人去 /进入 lead the way 带路单句语法填空 /完成语段 The discovery of new evidence led to the thief being_c'ausg ht （catch） With him leading（lead） the way, we got there without any difficulty.But for him, we would have been lost

24、, which would lead to serious consequences.His action led_us_to_believe使（ 我们相信 ） that he was our true friend.名师指津 lead to中的 to为介词，后接名词、代词或 v.ing 形式。表示导致的 短语还有： result in, contribute to, bring about等。10.keep.free from/of 无的；免于 ；摆脱 set sb free释放某人for freefree of charge 免费 单句语法填空 /完成句子 We should keep o

25、urselves free from/of drugs. I hope you_will_keep_yourself_free_from/of_tobacco_and_alcohol（你不 抽烟不喝酒 ）11.If_so,_what did you do to grow them ？ 如果这样的话，你做了些什么来种植它们 （这些植物 ）?(1)if so是 if 引导的条件状语从句的省略形式，表示肯定意义；如果表示否定意 义，则用 if not 。(2)由 if 构成的此类省略形式还有：if any 如果有的话if ever 如果曾经发生过的话if necessary 如果有必要的话if po

26、ssible 如果可能的话 单句语法填空 /句式升级If the steps you take are working, keep it up.If not,_take another look at other methods you could try. Some of you may have finished Unit one.If so,_you can go on to Unit two. Wash it in water and pick out the small particles,if there are any . Wash it in water and pick ou

27、t the small particles,if _any12.He would_much_rather_keep time for his hobbies. 他宁愿把时间花在自己的爱好上。(1)would rather do A than do Bwould do A rather than do B 宁愿做 A 而不做 B (2)would rather从句 愿意做 (从句中要用虚拟语气，表示与现在或将来事 实相反，从句用一般过去时；表示与过去事实相反，从句用过去完成时。 )(3) would rather have done.宁. 可做了 (实际没做 ) 单句语法填空 /句型转换 We

28、would rather our daughter stayed (stay) at home with us, but it is her choice, and she is not a child any longer.Jane is a quiet girl, who prefers to stay in the library rather than go to see a movie. Jane is a quiet girl, who would rather stay in the library than go to see_a_movie/would_stay_in_the

29、_library_rather_than_go_to_see_a_m ovie 佳句背诵 I 'd rather have made a telephone call to him yesterday. 我昨天本想给他打个电话的。. 阅读教材 VS 高考之一Wang Peng, a farmer, had been struggling to rid his family of hunger for decades.However, how to expand the output of his crops often confused him.One day, Wang skimme

30、d an article comment focusing on Yuan Longping 's discovery .The statistics of his research show that the super rice, free from bacteria and pests, is rich in nutrition. Equipped with Yuan' sfa rming method, which has been circulated nationwide, Wang has increased his grain production withou

31、t using any chemical fertilizers.Thanks to Yuan, he not only has won the combat against hunger, but he can also export his crops abroad. 1写出黑体词汇在语境中的词性和词义 n.饥饿vt.使变大；扩大 vt._使迷惑 n.发现 n.细菌 vt.装备 vt.流传；传播 adj.化学的2Which of the following can replace the underlined？ “ combat ”A summaryBoutputC freedomDbat

32、tle答案 D. 完形教材 VS 高考之二I would like to comment on the situation of old China.Most people _1_ all kinds of natural disasters, such as drought and flood.Much to our _2_，_ we lacked advanced _3_， as a result, the crop output was greatly _4_ Luckily, the new government has taken great measures to _5_ lear

33、ning advanced technology fromdeveloped countries, contributing to much progress in people 'lifse ._ 6_ the good policies, people' s living standards have been greatly improved.1A.struggled againstBstruggled forC took upDgot rid of2A.joyBsurpriseC reliefDregret3A.soilBequipmentC rootDfertiliz

34、er4A.circulatedBskimmedC reducedDexpanded5A.focus onBbuild upC lead toDkeep up6A.In addition toBWould ratherC Free fromDThanks to答案 1.A 2.D 3.B 4.C 5.A 6.D. 语法填空教材 VS高考之三Statistics show that the output of the crops in China has largely increased in the past decades, which 1.are_exported(export) to d

35、ifferent countries and circulated in developing countries and have helped them struggle against the 2.disturbing(disturb) problem of hunger.Thanks to Chinese agriculture technology, there are more countries 3.keeping(keep) their people free from lack of nutrition.As a super country, China isn 't

36、 satisfied with her present achievement.She has no time to regret for pthaes t.She has to build herself up 4.to_reduce(reduce) and get rid of poverty by focusing 5.on science and technology.Therefore, foreign comments have frequently underlined the outstanding achievements.Skim any newspaper and you

37、 can often find summaries of Chinese 6.production(produce) which brings more occupation chances and 7.equips(equip) farmers with better conditions.We are proud of our nationality and we 8.would rather do anything for our country. 写作 教材 VS 高考之四、细读本单元 Reading 部分，根据其内容写一篇 60 词左右的概要【参考范文】Yuan Longping，

38、Father of Super Hybrid Rice ，is one of China 's most famous scientists.（要点 1）He has devoted himself to his research on rice for the past fifty years.（要点 2）In 1953 when Yuan Longping graduated from college， hunger was a disturbing problem in the countryside.（要点 3）Therefore，Yuan wanted to help rid

39、 his motherland of hunger by increasing the rice output without expanding the area of the fields and finally he made it.（要点 4）Another dream of his is to make his rice be grown all over the world.（要点 5）二、请根据下面提示， 对非洲的大体情况作简单评论。1现状：同干旱等自然灾害作斗争；缺少足够的设备；作物的产量 减少。2措施： 集中精力学习发达国家的先进技术；逐步增加食物供给。注意： 1.词数不少于

40、 60；2至少使用 5 个所提示的关键词语。提示词： comment, struggle against, to our regret, equipment, reduce, focus on, build up, lead to 【参考范文】I would like to make simple comments on the situation of Africa.As you know, most of the people theres truggle against natural disasters, like drought.What' s worse,to our re

41、gret, they lack enough equipment; as a result, the crop output is greatly reduced.Happily, they plan to focus on learning advanced technology from developed countries, and build up the food supply.I believe all these measures will lead to much progress in their life.阅读理解AAccompanied by his fish hawk

42、s （鱼鹰） in a small boat ， Song Shuzhi set out inthe early morning to fish in Mata Lake，Huantai county in Shandong province.On this occasion，the birds brought in nearly 25 kilograms of fish.“ I can get more than 100yuan from today 's har，ve”st the 70 yearold man said. “They did a good job.”To rewa

43、rd his feathered friends，Song untied the nooses 套（ 索） from around their necks and allowed them to fly back to the lake to catch their own breakfast. “ The noose prevents them from swallowing the fish they catch while they are workin，g ” he said.About 20 minutes after setting them loos，e Song called

44、the fish hawks back to his boat using a special signal that he has developed.Song lives in the village near Mata Lake.Three decades ag，oalmost every family in his village fished with fish hawks. “ Oufra mily has fished with fish hawks for at least 100 years.But as the fish decreased and young people

45、 left to work outside of our village，fishing with fish hawks has almost disappeared.”Song quitted fishing for a few years during the 1990s due to serious pollution of the lake.Since 2012，the local government has spent 430 million yuan restoring the ecology of Mata Lake and it has regained its vitali

46、ty （生机） once more.Fish hawks can live for up to 25 years and Song thinks of his birds as his children. “ It 's hard to raise fish hawks.Young peo jpolbes l iikne cities where they can earn much more than they could by fishing，” he said. “ I will fish with my fish hawks for as long as I can.It is

47、 a technique my ancestors handed down to me and it doesn produce any pollution.”【语篇解读】 本文是一篇记叙文。 山东老人坚持用鱼鹰捕鱼， 传承祖先留下的 技艺。1How did Song Shuzhi reward his fish hawks? A He let them be free for some days.BHe gave them some fish they had caught.C He allowed them to catch fish for their own.D He destroye

48、d the nooses around their necks.答案 C 细节理解题。根据第二段 “To reward his feathered friends.their own breakfast.”可知，为了奖励鱼鹰， Song 解开鱼鹰脖子上的套索让它们可以飞回湖 中捕鱼自己吃。 2What can we know from the passage?AIt 's very difficult to fish with fish hawks. BIt is not permitted to raise fish hawks now.C Young people can hard

49、ly survive by fishing. D Few people fish with fish hawks now in Mata Lake. 答案 D 细节理解题。 根据第三段 “But as the fish decreased.hasa lmost disappeared”.可知，随着湖里鱼的减少以及年轻人离开村子去城里工作，几乎没 有人用鱼鹰捕鱼了。 3Song quitted fishing for a few years during the 1990s because _A the lake had been heavily pollutedBhe left his vil

50、lage to work in a big cityC there was no fish in the lake at that timeD fishing was banned by the local government答案 A 细节理解题。根据第四段 “Song quitted fishing for a few years during the 1990s due to serious pollution of the lake. ”可知，因为湖水被严重污染，所以 Song在 20世纪 90年代一度暂停了捕鱼。 4According to Song Shuzhi，A fishing

51、 helps him keep healthyBfish hawks are the most important for himC it is environmental friendly to fish with fish hawksD young people should learn the technique of fishing答案 C 细节理解题。根据最后一段 “I will fish duce any pollution. ”可 知， Song认为用鱼鹰捕鱼不产生任何污染，即环保的。 B（2019 ·桐乡高级中学二模 ）Would it surpris

52、e you to learn that，like animals，trees communicate with each other and pass on their wealth to the next generation?UBC Professor Simard explains how trees are much more complex than most of us ever imagined.Although Charles Darwin thought that trees are competing for survival of the fittest ， Simard

53、 shows just how wrong he was.In fact，the opposite is true: trees survive through their co operation and suppor，t passing around necessary nutrition“ depending on who needs it”Nitrogen （氮） and carbon are shared through miles of underground fungi （真菌） networks，making sure that all trees in the forest

54、ecological system give and receive just the right amount to keep them all healthy.This hidden system works in a very similar way to the networks of neurons （神经元） in our brains， and when one tree is destroyed， it affects all.Simard talks about “ mothert rees ，” usually the largest and oldest plants o

55、n which all other trees depend.She explains how dying trees pass on the wealth to the next generation， transporting important minerals to young trees so they may continue to grow.When humans cut down “ mothetrr ees ”wi th no awarenesso f these highly complex “ trees ocieties o”r t he networks on whi

56、ch they feed，we are reducing the chances of survival for the entire forest.“We didn 't take any noticiet ，o”f Simard says sadly. “ Dying trees move nutrition into the young trees before dying，but we never give them a chance. ” If we could put across the message to the forestry indust，ry we could

57、 make a huge difference towards our environmental protection efforts for the future.【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了树和树之间不是你死我活的竞争 关系，而是相互依赖的互助关系。快要死的树会将自己的营养传给小树让它们更 好地成长。如果人们知道这些现象，就可以更好地保护这些树。5What would be the best title for the passage?AOld Trees Communicate Like Humans BYoung Trees Are In Need Of Protection C Trees Are More Complex Than You Th