最新201X版Unit 4　Global warming单元综合测评

1、单元综合测评(时间：100分钟；满分：120分).阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。AA few weeks ago a group of scientists produced a report about global warming and the natural world.They wanted to find out if global warming was dangerous for plants and animals.The scientists were surprised by what

2、they found.They saw that during the next 50 years about 25% of land animals and plants will disappear from the earth.More than 1 million plants and animal species will die out by 2050.The head of the research team，Christ Thomas，who is a professor of conservation biology at Leeds University，said the

3、results of their research were frightening.More than 10% of all plants and animals will disappear from the earth.It is too late to save many plants and animals because of the greenhouse gases that are already in the atmosphere.But the scientists say if we control greenhouse gases now，we can save man

4、y more plants and animals from disappearing.The scientists studied some areas of the world with very rich biology.These areas were Europe，Australia，Central and South America，and South Africa.Their studies showed that species living in mountainous areas had a better chance of survival because they co

5、uld move uphill to get cooler.In flat areas，such as deserts，plants and animals would have to move very long distances to get cooler，so they are in great danger of dying out.The scientists found many surprising things.For example，they found that half of the 24 species of butterfly they studied in Aus

6、tralia would soon disappear.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过一组科学家所作的报告推测在不久的将来，温室气体量的增加对动植物物种有毁灭性的影响。由于全球变暖，动植物的生存空间也在发生改变，其数量和种类也在不断减少。作者试图通过分析现状唤起人们对环境保护的意识。1According to this passage，global warming can be best described as _ to many plants and animals.AdeadlyBsurprisingCdisappointingDfrightening【解析】推理判断题。尽管B、

7、D两项分别在第三段和第二段中出现，但surprising是用来描述科学家在澳大利亚发现24个蝴蝶物种的一半将消失时的心情的，而frightening则用来描述科学家得到研究结果时的心情。根据文章大意可知，全球变暖带来的是动植物物种的不断减少，这种影响对动植物来说是致命的。【答案】A2What's the purpose of the research led by Christ Thomas?ATo protect animals and plants from global warming.BTo call on people to control greenhouse gases.

8、CTo warn us of the dying out of many animals and plants.DTo study the effect of global warming on animals and plants.【解析】由文章第一段第二句可知这项研究的目的。【答案】D3What can be the best title of this passage?AGreenhouse effect and global warmingBExtinct animals in the worldCA frightening discovery concerning global wa

9、rmingDDisappearance of butterflies【解析】主旨大意题。纵观整篇文章可知，作者向人们展示了温室气体对动植物物种的灭绝性危害。A项过于宽泛；B项并未提及动植物灭绝的原因，不能完全反映文章的内容；D项仅提及蝴蝶物种的灭亡，过于片面。【答案】C4We can learn from the passage that _Aabout 25% of land animals and plants have disappeared from the earthBin about four decades more than 1 million plants and anima

10、l species will die outCwe can do nothing to save the plants and animalsDwildlife in flat areas can't find enough food【解析】细节理解题。通过第一段可知，在未来的50年里，将有大约25%的陆地动植物灭绝，A项时态有误；B项表述正确，in about four decades即大约40年后，即2050年左右；C项错在we can do nothing上；D项文章并未提及。【答案】BB Chinese tourists prefer hotels and restaurant

11、s that offer free Wi­fi when traveling abroad.Most Chinese tourists instantly update their social networks using their mobile phones.They send photos and short videos to friends and family when traveling abroad.About 10 percent of outbound(出境的)Chinese tourists get expensive marring charges(漫游费)

12、by using 3G­powered smart phones.About 90 percent of Chinese travelers consider Wi­fi indispensable when traveling abroad.They often use phone apps to create travel routes and book hotels，which requires large data flows that can be expensive without Wi­fi.But free Wi­fi is not al

13、ways available，even in regions with advanced telecommunications，such as the United States and Europe.Portable Wi­fi costs 15­50 yuan a day，depending on the country.It's cheaper in South Korea，Japan and Thailand.The Wi­fi services increase rapidly thanks to reasonable pricing and s

14、mooth surfing.Thus，a growing number of travel agencies begin to offer increasingly diverse Wi­fi services.A travel website Ctrip leases Wi­fi transmitters that offer unlimited data for about 20 yuan a day on average in more than 100 countries.It plans to make mobile Wi­fi an important

15、 part of its business model.Another travel website Tuniu also launched a Wi­fi phone service in 2013.More than 100，000 people used the service in 2014.More than 100 million Chinese went abroad last year，and the 10 percent who used Wi­fi services spent an average of 150 yuan，and it's ex

16、pected to grow largely.But the business may become out of date in five to eight years，for more locations are offering free Wi­fi.In the meantime，it is reported that more for­profit models should be introduced and offer more services for outbound travelers in the future.5Why do Chinese trav

17、elers prefer hotels and restaurants with free Wi­fi when traveling abroad?AThey want to have their phones updated.BThey are fond of using phone apps to create their travel routes.CThey prefer to experience the Wi­fi service in different countries.DThey'd like to share what they have se

18、en with their friends and family.【解析】细节理解题。从文章第一段第二、三句可知，中国游客出境游时喜欢及时更新个人社交网络，与朋友和家人分享旅途见闻，故选D。【答案】D6What does the underlined word “indispensable”mean in Paragraph 2?ANecessary.BUseless.CExpensive.DAmazing.【解析】词义理解题。从文章第二段第二句和最后一句可知，通过Wi­fi链接可以解决游客旅途中的很多问题，而且游客认为没有Wi­fi的条件下使用流量价格太贵，因此推断出Wi

19、­fi 是不可缺少的，故选A。【答案】A7. What can be inferred from the passage?ATravel websites will stop offering free Wi­fi services to travelers.BTravel website Tuniu intended to compete with Ctrip and launched its Wi­fi phone service.CThe portable Wi­fi costs less when traveling in some Asian

20、countries than in European countries.DThe demand for Wi­fi transmitters is growing in pace with 3G­smartphones.【解析】推理判断题。从文章第三段第三句“It's cheaper in South Korea，Japan and Thailand.”可知在大部分亚洲国家的Wi­fi消费比西方国家便宜，故选C。【答案】C8What will be the future of the Wi­fi service offered by some

21、travel agencies?AIt will be useless when for­profit models are introduced.BIt will be used by more than 100 million Chinese next year.CIt will grow in the future but will be outdated in a couple of years.DIt will offer more non­profit services for outbound travelers.【解析】细节理解题。从文章最后一段第二句“Bu

22、t the business may become out of date in five to eight years，for more locations are offering free Wi­fi.”可知几年后由旅游公司提供的Wi­fi业务将会过时，因为更多的旅游地将免费提供Wi­fi，故选C。【答案】CCSince the first Earth Day in 1970，Americans have gotten a lot “greener” toward the environment(环境)“We didn't know at that

23、time that there even was an environment，let alone that there was a problem with it，”says Bruce Anderson，president of Earth Day USA.But what began as nothing important in public affairs has grown into a social movement.Business people，political leaders，university professors，and especially millions of

24、 grass­roots Americans are taking part in the movement.“The understanding has increased many，many times，”says Gaylord Nelson，the former governor from Wisconsin，who thought up the first Earth Day.According to US government reports，emissions(排放) from cars and trucks have dropped from 10.3 million

25、 tons a year to 5.5 million tons.The number of cities producing CO beyond the standard has been reduced from 40 to 9.Although serious problems still remain and need to be dealt with，the world is a safer and healthier place.A kind of “green thinking” has become part of practices.Great improvement has

26、 been achieved.In 1988 there were only 600 recycling(回收利用) programs; today in 1995 there are about 6，600.Advanced lights，motors，and building designs have helped save a lot of energy and therefore prevented pollution.Twenty­five years ago，there were hardly any education programs for environment.

27、Today，it's hard to find a public school，university，or law school that does not have such a kind of program.“Until we do that，nothing else will change! ”says Bruce Anderson.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了从1970年第一个“地球日”以来，美国人在环保问题认识上的变化以及他们采取的一些积极应对环境问题的有效措施等。文章最后还指出了教育在环保方面的重要性。9According to Anderson，before

28、 1970，Americans had little idea about_Athe social movementBrecycling techniquesCenvironmental problemsDthe importance of Earth Day【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段的We didn't know at that time that there even was an environment，let alone that there was a problem with it.“那时候我们甚至不知道环境的存在，更别提环境问题了”可知，当时美国人对环境问题没有足够的

29、认识，因此应选择C项。A项指社会运动，与主题不符；B项指回收的技巧，范围太窄；D项应该是环境的重要性，而不是“地球日”的重要性。【答案】C10Where does the support for environmental protection mainly come from?AThe grass­roots level.BThe business circle.CGovernment officials.DUniversity professors.【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第二句Business people，political leaders，university pro

30、fessors，and especially millions of grass­roots Americans are taking part in the movement.“商人、政治领导人、大学教授，尤其是数百万的基层美国民众正在参与这项运动”可知，这里强调了这个运动的支持者应该是那些普通的美国民众，因此答案应是A项The grass­roots level，从而排除前面提到的那几类人。【答案】A11What have Americans achieved in environmental protection?AThey have cut car emission

31、s to the lowest.BThey have settled their environmental problems.CThey have lowered their CO levels in forty cities.DThey have reduced pollution through effective measures.【解析】细节理解题。文章第三段的第一句说明了汽车和卡车的尾气排放量从每年1 030万吨降到了550万吨，由此可排除A项；再结合第三段的第二句“一氧化碳排放超标的城市从40个降到了9个”可知C项是错误的；根据第三段的第三句提到的“环境问题依然严峻”可知这个问题

32、还没有得到解决，所以排除B项。本段列举的这些数字证明了美国人采取了有效措施，减少了环境污染，因此答案选D项。【答案】D12What is especially important for environmental protection according to the last paragraph?AEducation.BPlanning.CGreen living.DCO reduction.【解析】推理判断题。结合最后一段提到“25年以前，在美国几乎没有关于环境的教育项目，而如今，很难找到没有类似项目的公立学校、大学或者法学院了”，再结合布鲁斯所说的“没有教育，就无法改变环境问题”等，我

33、们可以推断出教育(education)的重要性，从而排除B项“计划”、C项“绿色生活”和D项“减少一氧化碳”这几个选项。【答案】ADAfter years of study，I have known there are only two types of people in this world：those who get to the airport early and those who arrive as the plane is about to take off.If there were any justice in this world，the early­airpor

34、t people would be rewarded for doing the right thing and the late­airport people would be punished.But the early­airport people get ulcers(溃疡)，heart attacks and bite their finger­nails to the bone (急得团团转)The late­airport people are hardly aware that they are flying. A guy of that

35、 kind once said，“Don't hurry.If you miss your flight，it's because God didn't want you to go.”This is clearly a guy who is never going to get an ulcer.Early­airport people suffer another“name”They are called exactly what they arewimps(懦夫)I know I am an early­airport person for y

36、ears.My luggage will get on the plane first，which makes it the last luggage they take off the plane after landing.Another strange thing：No matter how early I showed up，I was always told that someone had called two or three years ahead of me and asked for the best seat.I figured it was a trick.I figu

37、red there was someone in America who called every airline every day and said，“Is that wimp Simon flying somewhere today？If he is，give me his seat.”After a lifetime arguing with my wife over whether I really have to pack 24 hours in advance and set the alarm clock four hours ahead，I have learned anot

38、her fact about early­airport people and late­airport people：They always marry each other.13We can learn from the passage that_Alate­airport persons often get ulcers or heart attacksBearly­airport persons are always relaxed during the flightCearly­airport persons get their lu

39、ggage first after landingDlate­airport persons always take things easy【解析】细节理解题。从第二段及第三段所举事例可知，晚到机场的人总是沉得住气，不慌不忙，故选D。从第二段第二句可知A项和B项错；从第四段最后一句可知C项错。【答案】D14It could be inferred that the writer's wife is _Aan early­airport womanBa late­airport womanCa hot­tempered womanDa fascin

40、ating woman【解析】推理判断题。根据文章可知作者属于“早到机场的人。”文章的结尾提到了作者的另一个发现：早到机场的人总是与晚到机场的人结婚。由此，可推知作者的妻子属于“晚到机场的人”，故选B。【答案】B15The writing style of the passage would be best described as_AseriousBsimpleChumorousDindifferent【解析】推理判断题。纵观全文，作者的写作风格诙谐幽默，妙趣横生，故选C。【答案】C.阅读填句(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中

41、有两项为多余选项。 【导学号：35142049】What will you do if you can't eat everything bought in the canteen? _16_ According to a survey，what students waste every year could feed over 10 million people._17_ According to Xinhua News Agency，the food wasted by Chinese people is about 50 million tons of grain every y

42、ear，which could feed 200 million people.n the West，for instance，consumerism，the belief that it's a good thing to use a lot of goods and services，is often to blame for food waste._18_ Chinese people are well known for being hospitable and generous.Many even feel that they lose face if their guest

43、s have eaten all the food.On campus，a generation of single children is less aware of the food waste issue.Students nowadays are well protected by their families and hardly have any concept of how much toil (辛劳) others go through in order to provide them with the food they eat._19_ There are over 925

44、 million hungry people in the world，most of whom live in underdeveloped countries and areas.They don't have enough food to eat.Many children die for lack of nutrition each year in20_ It's also important that everyone should think about how they can do their bit to reduce food waste.AStudents

45、' waste is extremely serious.BChina，in turn，features its own eating culture.CStudents can never realize the serious food crisis.DCompared with them，some live in a different world.EBut canteen waste is merely the tip of the iceberg.FSo there's no excuse that we should waste our food.GMost of

46、us would simply throw away any leftover food.【答案】16G 根据第二行“what students waste every year could feed over 10 million people”可知，学生们会把吃不完的饭菜倒掉，由此造成的浪费能够养活一千多万人，故选G。17E 根据“the food wasted by Chinese people is about 50 million tons of grain every year，which could feed 200 million people”可知，中国人浪费掉的粮食能够养活

47、两亿人，说明食堂的浪费现象只是冰山一角，故选E。18B 根据本段首句“Food waste.serves as a mirror that reflects various cultural and social issues”和“Chinese people are well known for being hospitable and generous.Many even feel that they lose face if their guests have eaten all the food.”可知，食物浪费现象反映一个国家的饮食文化和习惯，故选B。19D根据“There are

48、over 925 million hungry people in the world，most of whom live in underdeveloped countries and areas.”可知，本段讲的是处于饥饿中的人们，故选D。20F根据“Many children die for lack of nutrition each year.And farmers work very hard to grow the crops.”可知，世界其他地方的孩子因饥饿而死，而且农民种粮食很辛苦，因此我们没有理由浪费粮食，每个人都应该想一想该怎样减少食物浪费，故选F。 .完形填空，满分30

49、分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。A farmer planted many crops，which grew tall and strong.His _21_ was ten times greater than the effort he put，but he _22_ gave any of it to others.Worse still，he charged very high prices.One day earth _23_ him，“You do so little work，and look how _24_ I

50、do for you! But do you _25_ your good fortune? No，you don't.”So the earth felt less _26_，and in the next growing season，where 100 seedlings would have appeared，the earth produced only fifty.But still the farmer _27，in the next season，where fifty fruits or vegetables would have _28_，the earth yie

51、lded(收获) only twenty­five.The more the man increased his prices，the less the earth _29_So the man complained，“It's _30_！I worked so hard but I got so little! Perhaps the soil isn't good.Perhaps these aren't the right crops.What a terrible _31_！”Then a potato called out to him，Man，yo

52、u planted only one potato，but you were given a thousand in _32_However，did you give anything to those in need? Did you reduce your _33_ for anyone? No，you sold your crops for ten times what they were _34_Then when your harvest decreased，you began to make _35_Your workers did all the work and your ne

53、ighbors _36_ you by giving advice，_37_ you just stood around.That _38_ us as well as the earth.As our happiness decreased，your harvest decreased and it'll go on decreasing because you aren't _39_ with a clear heart.“As soon as your _40_ for others increases，however，” the potato continued，“yo

54、ur harvest will increase.”So，when you're given，give some of it to others!【语篇解读】本文为记叙文，题材为寓言故事类。一位农民的庄稼原本丰收赚得很多钱，然而他的冷酷让他收成渐减。故事告诉我们要学会给予。21A.strength BwealthCquality Dharvest【解析】由第四段Man，you planted only one potato，but you were given a thousand in _32_可推知，农民丰收了。【答案】D22BneverCseldomDalways【解析】由第四段

55、However，did you give anything to those in need？Did you reduce your _33_ for anyone？No.可推知，取得丰收的农民从来不施舍给他人。【答案】B23BchangedCblamedDencouraged【解析】由其讲话可推断此处土地在斥责为富不仁的农民。【答案】C24BlongCwellDoften【解析】农民的农作物取得了丰收，由此可推断此处土地的意思是你做的事不多，而我为你做了那么多的事，由此逻辑可判断选A项。【答案】A25BwasteCdonateDshare【解析】由上文gave any of it to ot

56、hers的提示可判断此处意为：你与他人分享了吗？【答案】D26BhappyCsadDangry【解析】由in the next growing season，where 100 seedlings would have appeared，the earth produced only fifty可推断，土地对农民的做法不高兴了。【答案】B27BstartedCtriedDstopped【解析】由下文the earth yielded only twenty­five可知，农民继续抬价。【答案】A28BroseCdisappearedDgrown【解析】由上文100 seedlings

57、 would have appeared的提示可判断，此处指农民种植的水果或蔬菜成长。【答案】D29BproducedCprotectedDaccepted【解析】由上文the earth produced only fifty的提示可判断选B项。【答案】B30BunfriendlyCunfairDuncomfortable【解析】由I worked so hard but I got so little可推断，农民认为不公平了。【答案】C31BshameCexperienceDfailure【解析】减产对农民来说是一种损失了。【答案】A32BreturnCcaseDturn【解析】你只种了一

58、个土豆，但你却获得了1000个的回报。【答案】B33BexpectationsCrequirementsDprices【解析】由上文But still the farmer _27_ raising his prices的提示可判断选D项。【答案】D34BusefulCworthDavailable【解析】由语境再结合you sold your crops for ten times可推断，此处意为农民把价格抬到其价值的10倍。【答案】C35BachievementsCcontributionsDpromises【解析】由上文So the man complained的提示可判断选A项。【答案】A36BthankedCaccompaniedDhelped【解析】由by giving advice可推