河北衡水高三英语新高考语法复习讲义考点(二十四)被动语态(含语法填空短文改错真题讲解+知识总结)

1、湎水第一中学2021届河北衡水高三英语新高考语法复习讲义考点（二十四）被动语态课堂真题讲解单句语法填空/单句改错1 . A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who(trap) in the mountains for two days.2 . My washing machine(repair) this week, so I have to wash my clothes by hand.3 . I was sent to the village last month to see how the development p

2、lan(carry) out in the past two years.4 . When fat and salt(remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something.5 . Steam engines(use) to pull the carriages and it must havebeen fairly unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise.6 . Sarah (tell) that she could be Britain&

3、#39;s new supermodel, earning a million dollars in the next year.7 . So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the notforprofitPanda Base , where ticket money helps pay for research.I(allow)to get up close to these cute animals at the 600acre centre.8 . The giant panda(love) by people thro

4、ughout the world.59 . The students have been working hard on their lessons and theirefforts(reward) with success in the end.10 . More efforts, as reported, (make) in the years ahead to accelerate the supplyside structural reform.11 . Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already be

5、come a very serious problem.解析：had been trapped 句意：一位救援人员冒着生命危险挽救了两名被困在山里两天的游客。游客被困发生在被救之前，表示过去的过去，因此要用过去完成时态的被动语态。解析：is being repaired 句意：我的洗衣机这周正在被修理，因此我不得不手洗我的衣服。洗衣机正在被修理，因此用现在进行时的被动语态。解析：had been carried 句意：上个月，我被派往这个村子，去看了看过 去两年里这个发展计划执行得怎么样了。carry out 发生在I was sent之前，所以要用过去完成时，且 plan与carry out

6、之间为被动关系，故用过去完成 时的被动语态。解析：are removed根据语境和主句时态可知此处用一般现在时；主语“fatand salt ”与remove 之间是被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态。解析：were used 此处讲的是过去的事情，主语" Steam engines ”和use 之间是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。解析：has been told/was told 句意：有人告诉过萨拉，她可能成为英国的 一名新超模，下一年能挣一百万美元。根据句意可知，句子谓语应该使用现在完成时的被动语态。再由从句中的谓语动词“ could be”可知，此处也可使用一般过去时

7、的被动语态。解析：was allowed根据空格前一句的时态及allow与I之间为被动关系可知，此处要用一般过去时的被动语态。解析：is loved大熊猫为世界各地的人们所喜爱是个客观事实，故用一般现在时；panda与love之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填 is loved 。解析：will be rewarded 句意：学生们一直在刻苦学习功课，他们的努力最终将会以获得成功作为回报。根据句意和语境可知，此处应该使用一般将来时，且动词reward 与主语efforts 之间为逻辑上的被动关系，故用一般将来时的被动语态。解析：will be made 句意：据报道，为加快供给侧结构性改革，

8、今后几年将会付出更多的努力。时间状语是in the years ahead”在今后的几年里”，故使用一般将来时；efforts与make之间是被动关系，故用一般将来时的被动态。解析：去掉 been studies 与show 之间为主动关系，应用主动语态。课后知识总结谨记规则（一）被动语态的构成（以do为例）现在时过去时将来时过去将来时am/is/was/will/shallwould/一®式are donewere donebe doneshouldbe done进行式am/is/arebeing donewas/werebeing done一一完成式have/hasbeen do

9、nehadbeen donewill/shallhave beendonewould/should havebeen done(二)被动语态的基本用法1 .强调或突出动作的承受者或事件本身。New Zealand wine is of high quality andis sold all over the world. 新西兰的葡萄酒品质很高，广销全世界。特别注意(1)有些及物动词或及物动词短语不能用于被动语态。常见的这类动词或动词短语有：have 有cost 花费own拥有suit适合fit适合belong to属于suffer from 遭受 take part inlack缺少hold

10、抓住wish 希望参加 date back to 追溯到remain 乘U 下come out 出版(2)不及物动词或不及物动词短语不能用于被动语态。常见的这类动词或动词短语有：happen/take place/occur (to) 发生break out 爆发last持续come up 被提出lose heart失去信心run out 用完2 .不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者。He is recognized as one of the leading early canal engineers.他被公认为早期最杰出的运河工程师之一。3 .用在科技文献或新闻报道中。Cars of thi

11、s kind were made in the 1980s.这种小汽车是 20世纪80年代制造的。（三）主动形式表示被动意义1 .表示主语的某种属性特征或功能的动词，如read, write, sell, wash, clean,cook, catch, draw, cut, photograph, peel 等，常与 well, badly, easily, smoothly等副词连用，用主动形式表示被动意义。The book sells well .这本书卖得很好。2 .系动词 smell, taste, feel, look, sound, prove等后接形容词作表语，用主动形式表示被动意义。Her voice sounds beautiful.她的嗓音听起来很美妙。3 . open, close, lock, m