高考英语完形填空词义辨析题

1、词义辨析要点要点巩固词义辨析考查的面广，该内容也是英语学习中的一个难题，欲觅简明准确的解释并非易 事，考生在学习时首先应掌握其基本意思，再结合特定的语境进行比较。有鉴于此，我们将 在教学中所积累的并结合高考试题，给考生提供中学英语中常见的同义词（语），易混词（语）及相似句型等方面的指点。英语中的同义词（语），易混词（语）及相似句型之间的区别，有的属英汉语意差别，有的属不同搭配表达意义不同，有的属搭配不同表达意义相同，有的 属语气轻重有别，有的则属搭配范围和习惯不同等等。因此我们只能把重点放在中学英语学 习过程中常见的易混、易错之处，不求面面俱到，只求对症下药，说清为止。例题剖析例12 . Ji

2、m passed the driving test,surprised everyone in the office. A. which B. that C. this D. it剖析：该题为非限制性定语从句，that不能引导非限制性定语从句，故用which.正确答案为A.3 .The president spoke at the business meeting for nearly an hour without his notes.A. bring up B. referring to C. looking for D. trying on剖析：此题考查短语动词的区别， 这四个短语的基本

3、意义为：bring up养育、提出；吐出"，refer to论及、说到、谈到、提及；参考、参阅、参照 "，look for寻找、寻求"try on试穿；试戴”， 根据题义： 经理在商务会议上讲了一个小时没看讲稿”。应选Bo6 .- Ow! I ' ve burnt myself!-I a hot pot.A. touched B. kept C. felt D. held剖析：touch触摸”， keep保持" feel感觉” hold拿着"，所给的语境是 烫伤”故选A , 因为触摸，才可能烫伤。7 .The old tower mus

4、t be saved,the cost.A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. wherever剖析：题义：无论什么样的代价，这座古塔一定要拯救。"whatever可表示，无论什么" whichever无论哪个 ”。9 .The World Wide Web is sometimes jokingly called the World Wide Wait because it bevery slow.A. should B. must C. willD. can剖析：此题考查情态动词，should应该"，must 一定&quo

5、t;，will将会、总是“，can可能”，根据题义"因为有时可能会很慢。”故选D。10 .-People should stop using their cars and start using public transport.-.The roads are too crowed as it is.A. All right B. Exactly C. Go ahead D. Fine剖析：此题考查交际用语在一定语境中的应用。all right不错；好啊"， exactly （用于对答）正是、一点不错”，go ahead前进，（催促对方）先请"， fine好的、棒

6、的”，根据题义，表示对对方所说的完全同意，乙点不错，正是”之意，故选Bo13.My mother always gets a bit if we don' t arrive when we say we will.A. anxious B. ashamed C. weak D. patient剖析：题义 如果我们没有在我们所说的时间到达，父母就会着急。”故选：A16.1 am sure David will be able to find the library- he has a pretty good of direction.A. idea B. feeling C. exper

7、ience D. sense剖析：idea主意、想法”，feeling感觉、情感"，experience经历、经验"，sense感觉、辨别 力、判断力”，a good sense of direction方向感很强”。故选 D。19.1 couldn ' t. The line was busy.A. go by B. go around C. get in D. get through剖析：此题考查短语动词的区别。go by走过、流逝”，go around四处走走"，get in进入、收集" get through（用于电话等）联络到从下句 线

8、路很忙”，故选D。20.We' ve been looking at houses but haven' t found we like yet.A. one B. ones C. it D. them剖析：此题考查代词的区别。题义 我们一直在看房子，但还没找到我们所喜欢的一套（房子）。答案为A,此处的one相当于a house,而ones相当于houses, it和them应指上文提到的同类 同物。又如 ：Meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment,I will always treas

9、ure. （2002 NMET 35）A. that B. one C. it D. what答案为one相当于a momento意为：,我将永远珍惜的时刻”。例2.22. No one helped me. I did it all myself.A. for B. by C. from D. to剖析：考查介词的区别。根据题义 没人帮助我，我独自做的 by oneself独自地”，for oneself替/为自己”。故选B。23. Mary wrote an article on the team had failed to win the game.A. why B. what C. w

10、ho D. that剖析：“Mary写了一篇关于为什么球队没有获胜的文章故选A。25. We haven ' t enough books for; some of yoUlwiiave to share.A. somebody B. anybody C. everybody D. nobody剖析： 我们没有给每人一本这么多的书，有些只能共同使用。" everyone与否定词not连用表示部分否定， 并非都 "。故选Co另外all, both, always, every以及every构成的复合不 定代词等，与not连用也表示部分否定。26. Tom, you l

11、eave all your clothes on the floor like this.A. wouldn ' t B. mustn ' t C. needn ' t D. may not剖析：答案为B。此题为情态动词的否定式。wouldn' t不会"，mustn' t不准、不得"，needn'杯"必“，may not不可以27.They wanted to charge $ 5,000 for the car,we managed to bring the price down.A. but B. so C. w

12、hen D. since剖析：此题为连词，根据题义表示转折，故选 Ao31.-Oh, dear! I' ve just broken a window.-.It can ' t be helped.A. Never mind B. All right C. That ' s fine D. Not at all剖析：此题为交际用语的区别。Nevermind不要紧、没关系 "，All right （表示同意） 好、可以“，That' s fine很好”，Not at all （用来回答thank you）表示 不用谢"。故选A。（ It can

13、 be helped.= We must accept it.你已经把它打碎了，没办法弥补了。）实战演练选词填空1. alone / lonely Let him. I shall have a companion in the house after all these years.答案：alone , lonely辨析：alone可以用作形容词或副词，作形容词时，只能在句子中充当表语或宾语补足语，用来陈述单独一人，无其他人”这样一个事实。lonely只能用作形容词，在句子中充当表语或 定语，指人时，作孤独的、寂寞的”解；指地方时作 荒凉的、人迹稀少的”解。2. accept / recei

14、veMary a gift from a friend, but she didn' t seem to it.答案:received, accept辨析：accept表示主观上 乐意接受"；receive表示客观上 收到某物"。但receive education （接受教育），receive guests （接见客人）。3. means / way / method Thoughts are expressed by of speech. He always speaks in a careless. He worked out the maths proble

15、m with a different.答案： means, way, method辨析：这三个词都可以解释为方法、方式、手段”。means前用介词by;其后用of+名词或动词的-ing形式。way作 方法”讲时，前面可用介词in。method 一般指"（系统的）一套方法 或方式”，前面用介词with.4.other / others / the other / the others / another We study Chinese, maths, English and lessons. I don ' t wanh ts one. Please give me. She

16、 has two children. One is a boy,is a girl. Some are singing and dancing, some are drawing,and are climbing the hill. There are fifty-five students in our class. Thirty of us are girls. are boys.答案：other; another; the other; others; The others辨析：other作前置定语，修饰单数或复数名词。another用于泛指三者以上的不定数目中的另一个“。the oth

17、er表示两者中的 另一个”或两部分中的 另一部分”，是特指。others用作代词， 泛指 其他人”或 其它物"。the others指整体中除去一部分后，剩余的全部。5.1 nstead / instead of If you are too busy, you may come another day. If you have no time, I ' ll go you.答案：instead; instead of辨析：instead是副词，意思是 代替,顶替”，通常被放在句尾，也可放在句首。instead of是介词词组，意思除了汰替”外还有 而不是”之意。6.occu

18、r / happen / take place An idea suddenly to me. The car accident yesterday. I to be out when you came here. Great changes have in my home town.答案：occurred; happened/occurred; happened; taken place辨析：occur属较正式的用语。它可指一件偶然事件的发生”；也可指在一定的时间发生”、出现”一定的事件，它还可以表示抽象事物，如思想等的产生”，其后接to sb.时，常作 想起“、想到"解。happ

19、en属普通用语，常用来表示偶然事件的发生”。其后接不定式或用在“Ithappened that句型中的时候，作恰好"、碰巧"、偶然"解。take place也作 发生“解，但一般没有偶然的意味。它更常用来指一个预先安排好的事情的发生”，常作举行”解。7.wish / hope I it will be fine tomorrow. I you success. I it would be fine tomorrow. He sent me an e-mail,to get further information.答案：hope; wish; wish; hopin

20、g辨析：这两个词使用的句型不同（如）。hope所表示的愿望一般可以实现，wish所表示的愿望实现的可能性不大。wish接从句时用虚拟语气。8.include / contain The price the postage. The parcel a dictionary.答案：includes; contained辨析：两者均有 包含"、包括"之意。但include表示所包含之物中的一部分；contain指所包含之物的全部或部分，也可表示某一种物质中含有什么成分。9 .damage / destroy Don' t do anything that the rela

21、tion between the two countries. In 1941,the Germans tried to the city of St.Petersburg.答案：damages; destroy辨析：damage意为 损害"、损坏”，其破坏程度比destroy小；destroy意为 摧毁“、毁坏”、 破坏”，含有彻底或严重毁坏，以至不复存在、无法修复、无法工作或使用之意。10 .worth / worthy-How much is this old book?-It ' s worth $30. Is this book reading once again

22、? This book is of being read.答案： worth; worth; worthy辨析：worth只作表语，其后一般跟名词或动名词，若跟不定式或动名词作主语，用“Itisworthwhile to do/doing 结构;"worthy可作表语或定语，作表语时，其后可跟“of名词或doing的被动形式或不定式的被动形式”，作定语是，意为有价值的，可敬的，相称的ll.believe / believe in I what he said. They God.答案：believe; believe in辨析：believe作及物动词是，其后可跟名词，表示相信”；后

23、接从句或复合宾语时，表示认为；料想；相信”等。believe in是一个动介型短语动词，表示 信奉；信仰（指对某种思想、 主张、观念、行动具有信心）”和信任（have trust in）”。12 .cost / pay / spend / take The furniture（me） 6,000 yuan altogether. Careless driving may you your life. I$15 for the dictionary. How much （What） do you on clothes each year? It（us） a whole day to paint

24、the house.答案：cost; cost; paid; spend; took辨析：cost价值为，值（钱）”，以物作主语，可跟双宾语或只跟直接宾语。pay花费，支付（金钱）"，同spend一样以人作主语，但常与 for, to do搭配，其后可跟宾语、单宾语或不跟宾语。spend花费（金钱）”，与on, for连用，义同pay for;花'费（时间）"，与on,（in）doing 连用；度过（时光）"。take需要，必要”，常以（做）某事为主语，以时间做宾语或跟双宾 语，常用在 "It takes sb some time to do s

25、th.的句型中。13 .besides / except / but / except for Your composition was well written a few spelling mistakes. She helps to cook and wash looking after the baby. He has done everything what I asked him to do. No one knows Mr. Benson ' saddress his daughter. We go to the night club it is raining.答案：e

26、xcept for; besides; except; except /but; except when辨析：but和except都表示 除之外，没有“，两者大多数情况下可以互换，但在no, all,nobody, nothing, no one等词后多用 but。except表示从整体上减去一部分，而besides还包括除去的那部分，相当于in addition to。except for意为 除了之外"，用于排除非同类事物，其中for表示理由或细节，订正或修正某些事实。except that用做连词，后跟从句，根据从句的需要也可用 except when, except wher

27、e 等。14 .raise / rise / lift She and left. He his voice to make himself heard clearly. The rock is too heavy to.答案：rose; raised; lift辨析：raise是及物动词，意为 举起，抬起"，是lift的同义词，两者有时可以互换，只是 lift 比raise更口语化，更强调提重物时的费力情况，多指将某物举成垂直状态。rise意为 升起，提高，起立"，是不及物动词，主语是人时，表示站起来；主语物时，表示某物本身移动到较 高的位置或是由底向高变化的过程。15 .common / ordinary / general Clods are in winter. His supper consists of only bread and milk. This book is intended for the reader, not for the specialist.答案：common; ordinary; general辨析：common强调