(word完整版)2018年广州市高三毕业班综合测试(二)英语(2018广州二模英语卷)

1、2018年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试（二）英语第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）中，选出最佳选项,阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、R C和D） 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。6RogerWilliamsParkZooVisitor Guide and Map1000 Elmwood AZoo Exhibit Game Each animal exhibit will haven formation about the animal located there. You will get to learn

2、about each animal's habitat, their conservation status and some other quick facts. As you explore the zoo check off all the endangered animals you discover from the list below. Find them all and win a free T-shirt o Mountain Gorilla o Chinese Alligator o Snow Leopard o white-winged Wood Duck o R

3、ed Panda o Giant Turtle o Koala o Tree Kangaroo o Red wolf o Tiger Snake o African Wild Dog o Giant AnteaterThank you forvkiting.Vflur vhh helps Bg 4 he 弋Rte of l he lmillAZoo MannersThe zoo is a smoke free area No balloons, balls, bikes, or roller skates allowed. Pets are not allowed- excepting gui

4、de dogs for blindStay on the pathways and do not place children on railing. Do not throw anything into the animal exhibits. Please help our conservation efforts by depositing trash and recyclables properly.Lost PersonsIf separated from your group ask any zoo employee or security guard for immediate

5、assistance, or go directly to the Administration Building reception deskFacilities and ServicesEnjoy a delicious meal at one of our two animal-themed caf Restaurants.Our Visitor Centre offers cards, books and toys so you can always remember you day at the zoo. There is also an hourly animal presenta

6、tion near the Main Entrance where you can learn more about the animals, pet them and even take a picture with them21. How can a person get a free t-shirt at the zoo?A Follow all the zoo rules B. Visit all the zoo's exhibitsC. Bring along another guest D Identify all the animals in danger.22. Whe

7、re should a lost person go for help?A. Main Entrance B. Visitor CentreC. Administration Building.D Nursing Centre.23. Which of the following is allowed at the zoo?A Riding your bike B Taking your camera C. Feeding the animals D Smoking cigarettesBI saw it first, Amy said, as she ripped the old leath

8、er wallet out of Charlies hands. Without saying a word, as if they both understood that this was a secret they didn want to share with anyone, they slipped into the alley, where no one could see them look inside"There's got to be a million dollars here! "Charlie blurted out, when they

9、saw the pile of hundred- dollar bills. Amy, the more realistic of the two, did a quick estimate, thumbing through the wad of cash. "More like thousands” ischeesshaikdi,nhger voin disbelief.They'd found the wallet in a flowerbed by the sidewalk, when Charlie dropped his cell phone while he w

10、as trying to talk and eat a slice of pepperoni pizza at the same time. Amy stuffed the wallet into her backpack and pulled Charlie along by his elbow toward her house. As they rushed toward Viceroy Avenue, they talked excitedly about what they could do with the money-buy gifts for parents and friend

11、s, get new clothes, travel to the rainforest in Costa Rica, and adopt a whale. It looked like all of their dreams would come true. For the last block, however, they didn t talk. Each began tosuspect that the other one was silently adding to the list of things they could buy.They finally reached Amy

12、s house, but instead of going inside, they walked around the house to the back porch. They opened the wallet and counted the money into piles of ten. The total wasS2400- more money than either of them had ever seen. Then they both started talking at once. "I wonder who lost it "Their moods

13、 shifted, sinking from the high of being rich for fifteen minutes to resigning themselves to what they must do next. For in the wallet's clear plastic compartment, there was a driver's license. They knew what they had to do. Although they would lose their newly-found treasure, in a way, they

14、 felt relieved.24. Where did Amy and Charlie find the wallet?A. In an alleyB In a backpackC. Among some flowersD On the sidewalk25. In paragraph 2, why was Amy s voice shaking?A. She was afraid that they would be seen by others B. She was disappointed there wasn't a million dollars C. She was fe

15、arful that Charlie would tell someone else D. She felt nervous because she'd never seen so much money 26. On their way to Amy s house,dtrheen'cshmil ood changed from A excited to suspicious B. happy to angryC relieved to worried D. nervous to disappointed27. What did the children decide to d

16、o at the end of the story?A. To keep the money a secret from othersB. To return the wallet to its rightful ownerC. To put the wallet back where they found it.D. To buy many different things with the money.CAn article published in the prestigious scientific journal Nature sheds new light on an import

17、ant, but up-to-now little appreciated, aspect of human evolution. In this article Professors Dennis Bramble and Daniel Lieberman suggest that being able to run was the necessary condition for the development of our species which enabled us to come down from the trees. This challenges traditional sci

18、entific thinking, which claims that the distinctive, upright body form of modern humans has come about as a result of the ability to walk, and that running is simply a by-product of walking. Furthermore, humans have usually been regarded as poor runners compared to such animals as dogs, horses or de

19、er. However, this is only true if we consider running at high speed, especially over short distances. But when it comes to long-distance running, humans do astonishingly well. They can keep a steady pace for many kilometres, and their overall speed is at least the same as that of horses or dogsBramb

20、le and Lieberman examined 26 physical features found in humans. One of the most interesting of these is the nuchal ligament5韧带）.When we run, this ligament prevents our head from moving back and forth or from side to side.Therefore, we are able to run with steady heads, held high. The nuchal ligament

21、 is not found in any other surviving primates, such as apes and monkeys. Then there are our Achilles tendons （跟腱 ） at the backs of our legs, which connect our calf muscles to our heel bones and which have nothing to do with walking. When we run, these tendons behave like springs, helping to push us

22、forward. Furthermore, we have low, wide shoulders virtually disconnected from our skulls（ 骨），a physical development which allows us to run more efficiently.But what evolutionary advantage is gained from being good long-distance runners? Perhaps it permitted early humans to obtain food more effective

23、ly. "What these features and facts appear to be telling us is that running evolved in order for our direct ancestors to compete with other meat-eating animals for access to the protein needed to grow the big brains that we enjoy today," says Lieberman. Some scientists put forward the theor

24、y that early humans chased animals for great distances in order to exhaust them before killing them."Research on the history of humans' ability to move has traditionally been controversial, " says Lieberman. "At the very least, I believe this theory will motivate many researchers

25、to reevaluate and further investigate how humans learned to run and walk and why we are built the way we are. "28. In paragraph 1, what do the two professors suggest about humans' ability to run? A. It is an evolutionary by-product of walking.B. It helps to form people's ability to clim

26、b trees.C. It has played an important role in human evolution.D. It has not been adequately studied by scientists before.29. What is true about the physical characteristics examined by the professors?A. Achilles tendons assist people to walk long distances.B. The human skull helps people to run more

27、 efficiently.C. people's shoulders allow them to look from side to side.D. The nuchal ligament enables people to hold their head steady.30. According to paragraph 3, scientists believe that early humans.A. always came across dangerous situations in lifeB. ran after animals for long distances whe

28、n huntingC often failed to find food because they couldn't run fast D developed their hunting skills by running long distances 31. Professor Lieberman thinks the new theory will .A completely explain how running developedB revolutionize the theory of human evolutionC. encourage more in-depth stu

29、dies on the topicD. be widely supported within the scientific communityDScientists have solved the mystery of why the overwhelming majority of mammoth fossils（化 石）are male.Much like wild elephants today, young male Ice Age mammoths probably travelled around alone and more often got themselves into r

30、isky situations where they were swept into rivers, or fell through ice or into mud, lakes or sinkholes that preserved their bones for thousands of years, scientists say.Females, on the other hand, travelled in groups led by an older matriarch who knew the landscape and directed her group away from d

31、anger."Without the benefit of living in a herd led by an experienced female, male mammoths had a much higher risk of dying in natural traps such as mud holes, rock cracks and lakes, "said co-author Love Dalen of the Swedish Museum of Natural History in a report published on Thursday in the

32、 journalCurrent Biology.The study used genetic data to determine the sex of 98 woolly mammoth fossils in Siberia Researchers found that 69% of the samples were male, a heavily unbalanced sex ratio, assuming that the sexes were fairly even at birth"We were very surprised because there was no rea

33、son to expect a sex bias in the fossil record," said first author Patricia Pecnerova, also of the Swedish Museum of Natural History.Therefore, researchers believe that something about the way they lived influenced the way they died.Most bones, tusks, and teeth from mammoths and other Ice Age an

34、imals haven't survived," explained Dalen"It is highly likely that the remains that are found in Siberia these days have been preserved because they have been buried, and thus protected from weathering."These giant, tusked plant eaters disappeared about 4,000 years ago. While there

35、 is no scientific agreement about the causes of their disappearancefrom the planet, most believe that climate change, excessive hunting by humans and the spread ofother animals into mammoth feeding grounds were influential factors. 32. The underlined word "matriarch" in paragraph 3 means .

36、A. figure headB. female leaderC experienced animal D. mature mammoth33. Why do the majority of mammoth fossils come from male animals?A. Scientists find it easier to study male fossilised bones.B. There were more male mammoths in comparison to femalesC Male mammoths were better able to adapt to the

37、changing circumstances.D. Male mammoths more frequently died in places where fossils could form. 34. Which of the following is suggested as a reason for mammoths dying out? A. The increasing competition for food.B. The cooling of the earth's temperature.C. The disappearance of male mammoths.D Th

38、e risky behaviour of younger mammoths.35. What is the text type of the passage?A. A newspaper article.B. An academic essay.C. A historical description.D. A science fiction story.第二节 （共 5 小题：每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）根据短文内容， 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项， 选项中有 两项为多余选项。Mary went through a personal experience 40 years a

39、go that changed her life path and established her connection with Chinese herbal medicine.Still childless after 13 years of marriage, Mary longed to become a mother. For years she travelled from country to country and visited top experts in the field, but without success.36. However, her Chinese her

40、balist grandmother gaveher hope through a herbal treatment.After three and a half years she became pregnant. 37 Theexpectant mother s delight was shared by the rest of her family too. This was the point when she made up her mind to carry on her grandmother s work and devote her life toherbal medicin

41、e research, development and promotion. To this end, she invested in a large herbal garden in the suburbs of Jakarta, where more than 30,000 plants are grown. 38.Through the application of great effort and resources over many, many years,Mary s career has developed vigorously, as has her garden.39 Wh

42、en shewas asked whether is was worthwhile to have devoted so much of her life to thisresearch,she firmly responded,“What I have done is to fulf川 a promise I once made.More importantly, I want to bring Chinese herbal medicine to all those in need.40A. More than 7,000 of these can be used as medicines

43、.B. The moment the news was confirmed, she burst into tears of happiness.C. I believe it can help relieve pain and enable the sick to regain their hope of life.D. Mary decided to make great contributions to the development of Chinese medicine. E. The heartbreak and disappointment was so great that s

44、he came close to giving up. F. I ' m so happy that the local people like to use Chinese medicine for treatment. G Although she is now 80 years old, she is still committed to the study of Chinese herbal medicine第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节（共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B C和D）中，选出可以填入空

45、白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑The way in which children learn is an ever-growing area of study. It is 41 that children differ from adult learners in many ways, but what is interesting is that there are also quite a number of unexpected 42 across learners of all agesFor much of the 20th century, most psychologi

46、sts 43 the traditional theory that a newborns mind is a/an 44 sheet of paper upon which the record of experience is gradually impressed. During that time, scientists believed that oral 45 was necessary for abstract thought. In its 46 , scientists assumed that a baby could not have 47 of abstract con

47、cepts. As babies are born with a/an 48 range of behaviors and spend most of their early months sleeping, they certainly appear passive and 49 . Therefore, it was commonly thought that babies 50 the ability to form complex ideas. Until recently, there was no obvious way for babies to prove anything t

48、o the 51 to the researcherIn time, however, challenges to this 52 arose. It became clear that with 53 designed scientific procedures, psychologists could find ways to 54 rather complex question about how much infants and young children know and what _55 they have. Psychologists began to employ new m

49、ethods to 56 a large amount of 7data about the remarkable abilities that young children 57 . Their research findings stood in great contrast to the earlier 58 in the field that focused almost 59_on what children lacked. The 60 of young children came to life through this research. It became clear tha

50、t very young children are both competent and active when it comes to their mental development.41. A doubtful42. A. examples43. A accepted44. A. accessible45. A. agreement46. A absence47. A adaption48. A. averaged49. A. confident50. A. learn51. A contrary52. A. action53. A automatically54. A. take aw

51、ay55. A advantages56. A. collect57. A. find58. A. scientists59. A. entirely60. A. differenceB. necessaryB. personalitiesB. resistedB blankB. communicationB. disappearanceB. burdenB. unexpectedB unbelievableB. requireB goodB. proofB carefullyB. show offB. abilitiesB. markB. processB questionsB highly

52、B. focusC obviousC possibilitiesC. studiedC. concreteC. suggestionC. returnC. comprehensionC. limitedC. lovelyC. lackC. equalC. problemC. naturallyC. turn downC feelingsC. restrictC recognizeC. studiesC relativelyC. ideaD. surprisingD. commontabilitiesD replacedD. darkD. treatmentD. senseD. satisfac

53、tionD reasonableD. unawareD. rememberD. truthD. viewD. similarlyD put forwardD. reasonsD supportD. loseD. traditionsD. slightlyD. mind第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填人适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Throughout history, people have thought of the ocean as a diverse and limitless source of food. Yet today

54、there is clear evidence that the oceans have a limit. Most of the big fish in our oceans are now 61 (go). One major cause is overfishing. People are taking so many fish from the sea that many species cannot replace_62 (they)For centuries, local fishermen caught only enough fish for their own and the

55、ir community's needs. However, from the early 20th century, people around the world 8became interested 63 consuming protein-rich foods, People began 64 (catch) large quantities of fish for profit and selling them to worldwide markets. In a very short period of time, commercial fishing 65 (great)

56、 reduced the number of large predatory fish, such as cod and tuna.Today, there are still plenty of fish in the sea, 66 they're mostly just the little ones. Small fish, 67 include sardines and anchovies, have more than doubled in number-largely because there are not enough big fish 68 (eat) them.

57、Such large fish 69 (be) necessary,becausethey hunt and kill the sick and weak smaller fish. Without this weeding out, or survival of the fittest, ecosystems become less stable. As a result, fish are less able to survive 70 (difficult) such as pollution, environmental change, or changes in the food s

58、upply.第四部分写作(共两节满分35)第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的 增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Daniel was born with a brain disorder. Because of it, he was differently from other children. As a boy, he likes to play alone and acted strangely. To many of his classmate, D