2021年湖北省黄冈市高三3月份质量检测英语试卷

1、2021年湖北省黄冈市高三3月份质检测英语试卷学校:姓名：班级：考号：一、阅读选择China has announced it's abolishing its one-child policy. What difference has it made, statistically speaking? 400 million births prevented The one-child policy, officially in place since 1979, has prevented 400 million births. Parents have faced fines an

2、d other punishments for having more children.The majority of the decrease in China's fertility（生育）rate happened in the 1970s. It dropped from 5.8 children per woman in 1970 tO 2.7 in 1978. Despite the one-child policy the rate had only fallen tO 1.7 by 2013.21:28 baby death rate Since the one-ch

3、ild policy was introduced, baby girls have become more likely to die than boys.In the 1970s, according to the United Nations, 60 males per 1.000 live births died under the age of one. For girls the figure was 53. In the 1980s, after the one-child policy became official, the rate for both was 36. By

4、the 1990s, 26 males per 1.000 live births died before the age of one-and 33 girls. The 2000s saw 21 boys per 1,000 live births dying and 28 girls. 1.16 boys born for every girlSexually selective abortions have been considered as a major cause of China's unusual sexual imbalance. Gietel-Basten. a

5、ssociate professor in social policy at Oxford University, says the births of many girls are not registered if parents have broken the rule by having two children, adding officials often turn a blind eye. Ifs estimated there are now 33 million more men than women in China.4： 2： 1 familiesWith the age

6、ing of China's population and the continuation of the one-child policy, a "4: 2 : riiome is the description given to households ill which there are four grandparents cared for by two working age parents, who themselves have one child.By 2050, it's predicted that a quarter of China's

7、 population will be 65 or older. The predicted decline in the number of people of working age is thought to have persuaded the government to drop the one-child policy.1. When was the baby death rate for both boys and girls equal?A. In the 1970s.B. In the 1980s.D. In the 2000s.C. In the 1990s.2. What

8、 makes the one-child policy abolished according to the passage?A. The decline of birth rate.B. The rise of baby death rate.C. The change of family structure.D. The decline of working age people.3. The passage sums up the one-child policy by.A. numberB. exampleC. contrastD. analysisMathilda. 15, is T

9、urkana, a native people that has survived by raising cattle in a semiarid （半 干旱）region. Mathilda's school, like most schools in the area, doesnl have access to clean water and sanitation facilities for its students. So instead of spending their whole school day learning, Mathilda and her classma

10、tes start their day by spending two hours to the closest river fetching water -water that is anyway most likely not safe to drink. They do the same thing again in the afternoon, so they often lose around half of their school day fetching water. Mathilda has to do the same thing outside of school hou

11、rs to get the water her family needs at home, leaving her little time for studying. Because of rising temperatures, water has become harder and harder to find here, and people have to spend more and more time trying to find it. This is just one small example of how climate change is making it harder

12、 to realize people's rights to water, education and security. Unfortunately, most higher-income countries remained silent on the issue.This is despite studies showing that communities already facing marginalization（边缘 （t）,such as women and children, mostly suffer from climate change. This is esp

13、ecially the case for those in countries with limited resources and fragile ecosystems.Meanwhile, women consist of the majority of the world's poor, and so are more dependent for their livelihood on natural resources that are threatened by climate change. And around the world, women and girls are

14、 the most likely to be responsible for fetching water for their families.This exposes them to danger and leaves them with less time to attend school, earn money, or simply to rest. But the fact is that the effects of climate change will be felt globally. Despite the difficulties she is facing, tryin

15、g to get an educatioiL Mathilda says she hopes to serve her community in a leadership role when she grows up.“All of die worlds leaders need to work together to solve this problem that we are all facing,“ she said.4. Mathilda has to spend fetching water every school day.A. two hoursB. four hoursC. m

16、ore than four hoursD. almost a whole day5. The first two paragraphs are intended to tell us.A. the cause and effect of lack of waterB one serious consequence of climate changeC. the difficulties in fetching water in the semiarid regionD. the hardship of life for the people in the semiarid region6. W

17、e can conclude from the passage that.A. climate change is everyone's businessB. water is becoming rare because of rising temperaturesC. fetching water takes up Mathilda's half of studying timeD. females are more responsible for fetching water for their families7. The passage is mainly about

18、the problem caused by.A. rising temperaturesB. fetching waterC , climate changeD. water shortageafternoon. I had watched the numbers change on the cash register closely, and Miss Bee had added 35 cents. She didn't seem embarrassed. She just looked at me over her glasses and fixed the price.But s

19、he ever let me declare victory. All summer long she found ways to play tricks on me. No sooner had I learned how to pronounce bicarbonate of soda（小苏打）and memorized its location on the shelf than Miss Bee rearranged the shelve and made me hunt for it all over again.One day before I left, she said, “1

20、 know what you think of me, but I don't care! Each of us is put on this earth for a reason.I believe my job is to teach every child I meet life lessons. When you get older you'll be glad our paths crossed!H Glad I met Miss Bee? Ha! The idea was absurd.Until one day my daughter asked me to fi

21、nish her math problems. NIf I do it for you. how will you ever learn to do it yourself?1* I said. Suddenly, I remembered the lady Miss Bee.8. The girl felt when Miss Bee implied she could be a thief.A. surprisedB. shockedC. puzzledD. annoyed9. We can infer from Paragraph 6 that Miss Bee.A. showed no

22、 care about her mistakesB. made the girl learn to double-checkC. was always playing tricks on the girlD. was careless and dishonest to do business10. It can be learned from the passage that Miss Bee.A. knew her job was to help every child she metB. asked the girl to shop by herself to test her hones

23、tyC. taught the girl many lessons but she didn't understandD. rearranged the shelves to teach the girl to be changeable11. Which is NOT the lesson the writer learnt from shopping?A. Treat others kindly and politely.B Don't be so quick to judge others.C. The best teachers aren*t only in schoo

24、l.D. Try our best though the task seems beyond us.A new graph has revealed exactly how long you'll need to sweat it out in the gym to neutralize G氐消）swallowing a favorite fast food.While eating fried chicken, pizza and burgers will all entail a gym session of over an hour doing cardio（有氧运动）or li

25、fting weights, women have it far harder than men and must work extra hard to banish calorie-packed meals.After a classic McDonald's favorite, the Big Mac, men would need to do 42 minutes of cardio or 57 minutes of weightlifting.As for women, fifty one minutes of cardio would help counter the 24

26、grams of fat in a Big Mac-over a quarter of the recommended daily allowance - -or an hour and eight minutes of weightlifting.However, the 450g Tesco chocolate cake was by far the worst offender. Clocking in at a whopping 1,710 calories and 90 grams of fat, only a hardcore gym session is going to shi

27、ft the calories you've absorbed from this dessert. The average woman would have to lift weights for almost four hours to work off the calories in this cake.Comparatively a chocolate bar seems healthy, with 237 calories which would take 25 minutes for the average woman to nin off. Alternatively y

28、ou could spend thirty three minutes doing weightlifting exercises.Men will have to complete 40 minutes of cardio and 53 minutes of weightlifting while women will have to complete 48 minutes of cardio and 64 minutes of weightlifting against the calories in French fries.12. The fat of the recommended

29、daily allowance for women is grams.A. 18B. 20C. 24D. 3013. According to the passage,is the unhealthiest food.A. French friesB. the Big MacC. a chocolate barD. Tesco chocolate cake14. Compared with men, women must spend to consume the calories in Frenchfries.A. 11 more minutes lifting weightsB . 8 le

30、ss minutes doing cardioC. 8 more minutes lifting weightsD. 11 less minutes doing cardio15. The main purpose of the passage is to.A. inform us to stay away from fast food B. offer us advice on how to keep healthy C. tell us some information about fast food D. suggest what we do to work off the calori

31、es二、七选五Your smart phone may have hurt you before you realize it. Don't be addicted to it. Put your phone away, OK? 1.Cyber SicknessAlso called "digital motion sickness： syi叩toms tliat range from headaches to woozy feelings can occur when you quickly scroll on your smart phone or watch actio

32、n packed video on your screen. 16. Your sense of balance is different from other senses in that it has lots of inputs. When those inputs don't agree, that's when you feel dizziness and sickness.2. Text Clawlt is the unofficial term for soreness and muscle contraction felt in the finger, wris

33、t and forearm after heavy smart phone use. 17. So ifyoifre always on your phone, it makes sense to feel discomfort in your hands and forearms.3. Eye StrainDo you stare at a screen for hours on end? If you're reading this, you very well might. 18. Staring at your digital devices for a long time c

34、an lead to dry eyes, headaches and tiredness, which can decrease your productivity. Experts suggest taking screen breaks every 20 minutes.4. Text NeckSiniilar to the claw, text neck-discomfort in the neck and spine happens when you spend a long time looking down at your smart phone. 19. Being mindfu

35、l of how far your neck bends when you're on your phone- and bending it back to an upright position can help reduce the risk of text neck.5. Pedestrian safetyPedestrian deaths are on the rise because too many smart phone users engage in distracted walking. While focused on the cyber world, many o

36、f us can lose reality of the physical one. Elemental pedestrian safety knowledge is compromised by technology, and the risks are scary.20.A. We should taking breaks for a while.B The sensation results from a mismatch between sensor>r inputs.C. Remember that pedestrian safety is more important tha

37、n smart phone.D. The habit may lead to people requiring medical spine care at a younger age.E.To avoid iiyury or worse, put your phone away until you've reached a safe spot.F.Any specific motor activity can cause pain in the tendons （筋）and muscles when done repeatedly.G.Any activity that require

38、s active use of your eyes-driving and reading included-can causeeye tiredness.三、完形填空完形填空,阅读下而短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项C A, B, C和D）中，选出可 以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Reg Foggerdy, 62 , who was on a hunting trip in the Great Victoria Desert in Western Australia when he hunted for a camel he* d shot, had to eat ants

39、 to survive while lost for six days without water in wildness.“I followed this camel into the. I'd gone at least 30km. I didn，t know where I was, “ he said, narrating his wrong 19 mile 21 and extraordinary tale of survival that followed.Foggerdy found himself alone with only clothing he was wear

40、ing. He had a valuable source of food 22 in front of himthe dead camel he* d down butno means with 23 to eat it.“I didn, t have a knife, and I didn't have matches for a 24" he said.° So I couldn* t go and a steak off the animal. ”In his he turned to ants for 25, an idea he remembered f

41、romwatching TV shows of British survival expert Bear GryIls. "They tasted quite good. The first day, I ate probable 12 antsand the following day, I had 18, 0Foggerdy said.二,as time passed, his hopes of it out of the desert alive beganto 26. He saw search helicopters passing overhead, but they d

42、idn't noticehim because the bush is so 27 By the sixth day, his had started to shut down. He had said his last goodbyes in his head and 28 death to come soon“I was with myself, M he said, tears as he remembered thethought of his family seeing his body lying on the dirt in the bush.But as Goggerd

43、y for the end , searchers were hot on his trail after a tracker 29 one of his footprints in the dirt.The grandfather says he thinks he was not 30just lucky.21. A. dirt B. bushC. desertD. wildness22. A. tripB. walkC. journeyD. wander23.A.rightB.straightC.slowlyD.instantly24.A.shotB.chasedC.killedD.kn

44、ocked25.A.whatB.thatc.whichD.whom26.A.fireB.mealc.cookD.water27.A.putB.breakc.turnD.cut28.A.memoryB.experiencec.impressionD.dilemma29.A.helpB.powerc.strengthD.nutrients30.A.AnyhowB.Finallyc.HoweverD.Therefore31.A.gettingB.escapingc.makingD.managing32.A.dieB.fadec.decreaseD.weaken33.A.thickB.bigc.thi

45、nD.tall34.A.heartB.eyesc.pulseD.organs35.A.exploredB.expectedc.declaredD.ignored36.A.peacefulB.hopefulc.concernedD.desperate37.A.taking back B.bursting into C.wiping awayD.hiding away38.A.reachedmadec.soughtD.prepared39.A,foundsawc.spottedD.searched40.A.braveB.patientc.toughD.confident四、用单词的适当形式完成短文

46、阅读下而材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式.Colorful fruits and vegetables are helpful to our health. TlKir41. (nature) colors help protect our bodies from disease. Think about the colors of fruits and vegetables-the red of tomatoes, the orange of carrots, the green of apples and the purple of grapes.You ca

47、n enjoy42. (eat) fniits and vegetables of all colors-green, yellow, blue, purple, and white. Each color43. (be) important to our health. These colors work together to protcct44. (we) bodies. Scientists have studied them and discovered45, good of colorful fruits and vegetables. The list below shows s

48、ome benefits of some colors in fruits and vegetables:Red gives us a healthy heart. It can46. (possible) reduce heart disease. Red helps improve our memory.Yellow is good47. our eyes.White can reduce cholesterol(胆固醉).Green is helpful to eyes. It also gives us strong bones and48, （tooth）.Blue helps us

49、 keep a good memory as we grow old. It also helps fight heart disease.1.49. . you are buying or eating fruits and vegetables, remcmber50. （tryKiifferent colors of them.五、短文改错51 .短文政错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共 有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处o每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修 改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（ ）,并在其下而写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用

50、斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下而写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词：2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处 起）不计分。I was walking to school this morning when I caught a sight of an old woman with a walking stick lain on the ground. I ran over quick to help her up and asked her what was wrong with her. She told me she slips and fell due

51、 to heart trouble.I was worrying and decided to take her to a hospital. And then I went to a department store near the hospitals and contacted her family. Soon her son and daughter came the hospital. He thanked and praised me for my kindness by writing me a thank-you letter. Although I was later for

52、 school today, I felt very proud of that I had done.六、提纲类作文52 .书而表达假定你是李华,最近你在当地报纸上看到一则游泳培训班的广告,称其有称职教练（instructor）, 一周包会。你会一点游泳，但水性不太好，想在暑假参加训练.请你写一 封咨询信了解相关情况,要点如下：1 .训练的具体时间和地点。2 .条件和费用。3 .其他特别注意的事项。注意1.词数100左右。2,可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。3.开头语和结束语已为你写好。Dear Sir/Madam,I have read your advertisement in the

53、newspaper.I am looking forward to hearing from you soon.Your s sincerely ,Li Hua参考答案1. B2. D3. A【分析】试题分析：本文通过四组数字来回顾我国的独生子女政策。1. B 细节理解题。根据第二部分的第二段 In the 1980s, after the one-child policy becameofficial, the rate for both was 36 可知正确答案。故选 Bo2. D 细节理解题。根据文章的最后一句 The predicted decline in the number o

54、f people of working age is thought to have persuaded the government to drop the one-child policy.可知让政 府废除独生子女政策的原因是 The predicted decline in the number of people of working age。故 选D,3. A推理判断题。从全文分析尤其是每段的小标题可知。文章的第一段的statistically speaking有暗示。本文是通过数据回看我国的独生子女政策的。故选A。【名师点睛】关于细行理解题用细行定位法：细行理解题属宜接解答性问题，

55、是阅读理解题中最简单的一种，多数属中低 难度的送分题。但由于高考所占的比例很大，应特别引起注意。事实和细节题的命题特点是： 把某词语、某个句子或某具体事实用不同于原文的另一方式或句型表达，即同义改写。解答 这类题的窍门是：A）注意掌握英语的多种表达法；B）正确分析词语在句中的作用；C）熟练运 用英语的句型转换；D）读懂题干所提出的问题，并准确地找到文中涉及该问题的句子。比如文章第2题，就需要快速定位在文章的最后一句The predicted decline in the number of people of working age is thought to have persuaded t

56、he government to drop the one-child policy. 可知让政府废除独生子女政策的原因是The predicted decline in the number of people of working age.这样就可选出正确答案为D0考点：考察社会生活类短文阅读4. C5. B6. A7. C【分析】试题分析：本文属于说明文阅读，以非洲国家儿童取水困难为例，引出了关乎全球的气候变 化的问题。4. C推理判断题°根据文章第一段最后两句So instead of spending their whole school day learning, Mat

57、hilda and her classmates start their day by spending two hours to the closest river fetching water -water that is anyway most likely not safe to drink. They do the same thing again in the afternoon, so they often lose around half of their school day fetching water.和第二段第一 句 Mathilda has to do the sam

58、e thing outside of school hours to get the water her family needs at home, leaving her little time for studying可知Mathilda每天花在取水的时间超过两个小时©故 C项正确。5. B 推理判断题 ° 第三段的第一句话 This is just one small example of how climale change is making it harder to realize people's rights to water, education and security.可知这句 话是对前面 两段的归纳，说明前而两段主要告诉我们气候变化所带来的严重后果。故B正确。6. Ao 推理判断题，根据文章最