河南专升本公共英语讲义改错题讲解

1、2015年公共英语讲义改错题讲解一、改错题常见考点 11. 词汇考点 12. 语法考点 2二、练习题：辨认错误并改正试题 8三、参考答案： 14改错题常见考点1. 词汇考点（1） 词语搭配（介词、连词的选择）错误The element carbon is widelyAfoundB in natureC in many forms including both diamonds as well asD coal.解析：Das well as 改为and。both and为固定结构。（2） 错误地省略介词The law I am referringA requires that everyone

2、B who ownsC a car haveD accident insurance.解析： A 改为 referring to ：参考；涉及。注意本句中 require 后宾语从句中使用了虚拟语气， have 前省略了 should 。（3） 其他高频词汇考点one s abilityto do sth.,look forward to doing sth.,be robbed ofsth.,more thanample to do sth.（足以）,be far removed from （与毫不相干）,withauthorityover sth.（有权力）,to extent/degre

3、e, win a great victory over sb., inrespect （在方面） ,at one ' s expense （由承担） ,keep discipline（遵守名己律） ， on the decline/increase （在下降 / 增加）2.语法考点(1) 非谓语动词 动词不定式WhenI consider how talented he isAas a painterB, I cannot help but believingC that the publicD will appreciate his gift.解析：C删去 but , can'

4、; t help doing sth.:情不自禁或将 believing 改为 believe ,can' t help but do sth. :不得不。 动名词Some bosses dislike to allowA people to shareB their responsibilities; they keep allC important matters tightlyD in their own hands.解析： Ato allow 改为 allowing 。 dislike 后接动名词。 现在分词、过去分词混淆He cannot tell the differenc

5、e between trueA praise and flatteringB statements makingC only to gainD his favor.解析： Cmaking 改为made。 statements 与 make 为被动关系。(2) 比较级、最高级错误点设置 比较级、最高级形式误用A great manyA educators firmlyB believe that English is one of the poorestC taught subjects in high schools todayD.解析： C 改为 most poorly 。 taught 为

6、动词，要由副词poorly 修饰， poorly 最高级为 mostpoorly 。 比较范围重复出现Of all his outdoorA activities, Paul likes fishing best of allB, but he doesn tenjoy cleaningC fishing rods afterwardsD.解析：B改为(the) best 或(the) most 。本句中开头已有Of all，表示整体范围，后用最高级，故删除后面的 of all 。此外，副词最高级前the 可以省略。 句中出现 than ，却没有相应形容词或副词的比较级形式On the who

7、leA, ambitious students are much likelyB to succeed in their studies than are thoseCwithD little ambition.解析： Bare much likely 改为 are more likely 。此外，注意本句中被比较的成分使用了 倒装句结构。 比较对象不一致As far asA I amconcerned, his politics areB rather conservativecomparedC with otherpoliticiansD.解析： Dpoliticians 改为 polit

8、icians 。比较对象为“他的政见”与“其他政客的政见” 。此外，注意： politics 单复数同形，表示“政治学”时，谓语动词用单数；表示“政见”时，谓语动词用复数。 比较级错用Because there are lessA members present tonight thanB there wereC last night, we must wait until the next votingD.解析： A 改为 fewer ，修饰可数名词复数members。 less 修饰不可数名词。(3) (并列、转折结构)平衡一致原则常考： and/but ，not but ，not ，as

9、 as，not so/as as, than ： 前 后比较成分在形式、词性上均对等一致。While inA Europe, the tourists enjoyed toB their heart sC content the weather, the food and going to the theatreD.解析： D 改为 the theatre 。 关键词 and 表示并列。 此处 the weather, the food, the theatre 均充当 enjoy 的宾语。(4) 三大从句注意：三大从句中，错误点往往设置在引导词(连接词)的选择上。 名词性从句1）主语从句To

10、 beA frank, thatB is a great relief to have the task fulfilledC in so short a timeD.解析： B 改为 it 。本句看似是一个主语从句，其实it 为形式主语，后面的不定式为真正的主语。2）宾语从句I thought the technician was to blameA for the blowingB of the fuse, but I see now howC I wasD mistaken.解析：Chow改为that。that为宾语从句引导词。 定语从句1）关系代词、关系副词的误用The new hot

11、el has erectedA a beautiful building withB recreation areas and conference facilities on the top floor in whichC the finest view of the city can be obtainedD.解析： C 改为 where 或 from which 或 on which 。 the finest view of the city can be obtained 为完整的句子，故应用关系副词或介词+关系代词连接，先行词floor 指地点。2）成分多余They pointed

12、outA the damagewhichB they supposed thatC had been done by last night sD storm.解析： C 去掉 that 。本句中关系代词which 为定语从句的主语， they supposed 为插入语，had been done 为谓语，故that 多余。3）缺少关系代词Accounts ofA scientific experiments are generally correct forB those write aboutC science are careful in checkingD the accuracy o

13、f their reports.解析：C改为who write about 或writing about 。those后接who引导定语从句。此外， 句中 for 引导原因状语从句。 状语从句注意：常考unless 。If onlyA the nature of the aging process isB better understood, the possibility of discoveringC a medicine that can block the fundamental process of aging seemsD very remote.解析： A 改为 unless ，

14、表示“除非” 。(5) 虚拟语气 if 条件句中连词被错误地省略I shouldA not have recognized theB man evenC you had toldD me his name.解析： C 改为 even if 或 even though 。本句主句、从句均对过去虚拟。 宾语从句中未能正确使用虚拟语气I d rather you would goA by train, because I can t bearB the idea of your beingCin an airplane in suchD bad weather.解析： Awould go 改为 we

15、nt 。 would rather 后宾语从句对现在、将来虚拟均用一般过去时。(6) 被动语态 该使用被动，却误用主动To understand the situation completelyArequiresB more thought than has givenCthus farD.解析： C 改为 has been given 。 thought 与 give 之间为被动关系。此外，应注意本句主语 为动词不定式。 该使用主动，却误用被动If it doesn tA rain withinB the next few weeks, the cropsC will have to be

16、watered if they are to be survivedD.解析： Dto be survived 改为 to survive 。 survive 无被动语态。常考 last, appear, arise, break out, occur 等，不及物动词无被动。(7) 时态He also conceivedA that the solar system and the universe would comeBinto existence byC a natural process and would disappearD one day.解析：Bwould come改为had c

17、oma太阳系与宇宙已经形成，再加上 conceived为一般过去 时，故其后从句用过去完成时。(8)动词的误用For him to be re electedA, what is essential is not that his policy worksB, but thatC the public believe that it isD.解析：Dis改为does。does代指前面动词 works。注意句中平衡一致结构not that，butthat - o(9)主谓不一致Although a great number of houses in that area are stillA in

18、 need of repairB, there have beenC improvement in the facilitiesD.解析：C改为has been。本题中improvement为抽象的名词，属于不可数名词，故谓语动词 应该用单数。注意：本句中 repair为名词。(10)倒装结构误用MuchalthoughA I have traveled, I have never seen anyone to equalB her in thoroughness, whateverCthe jobD.解析：AMuch although 改为Much as。口诀：引导让步状语从句，althou

19、gh不可倒，as必须倒，though可倒可不倒。(11)独立主格结构Beethoven, the great musician, wroteA nine symphonies in his life, most of them were writtenB after he had lostC his hearingD.解析：Dwere written 改为 written 。本句中独立主格结构的主语most of them 与 write为被动关系，故使用过去分词written 。(12)词性误用未能正确使用副词It s essential that people beApsychologic

20、alB able to resist the impact brought aboutC by the transition from plannedD economy to market economy.解析：B改为psychologically 。 able为形容词，应该由副词修饰，psychological 为形容词。注意：句中 essential为虚拟语气标志词；planned economy表示"计划经济”。未能正确使用形容词All those left undoneA may sound greatlyB in theory, but even thetruest bel

21、ieverChas great difficulty whenD it comes to specifics.解析：B改为great。sound为系动词，后接形容词作表语。(13)可数名词、不可数名词的误用The data receivedA from the two spacecraftsB whirling around Mars indicateC that there is much evidence that huge thunderstorms are occurringD about the equator of the planet.解析：B改为two spacecraft。s

22、pacecraft "宇宙飞船”单复数同形。类似用法：cattle,police, poultry , deer。(14)代词误用(指代错误)Although Alice has beenA to the mountains many timesB before, she stillC loves visiting itD.解析：Dvisiting it 改为 visiting them 。 them 代替前面的复数名词 the mountains 。(15)缺少句子成分Despite the fact thatA the South Pole is as snow coveredB

23、 and stormy weatheredC as the North Pole, is colderD than the North Pole.解析：B改为it is colder 。本句缺少主语it ,指代the South Pole 。(16)句子结构错误高频考点：使用 Because。 so和 Although but两个错误结构。改正的方法为：选择 because和so中的任意一个，或 although 和but中的任意一个。Although Professor Green' s lectures usually ran overA the fifty minuteB per

24、iod, but noneC of his students evenD objected as they found his lectures both informative and interesting.解析：Cbut none 改为 none。(17)冠词误用“I considered itAa honorB to be invited to addressC the meeting of world famousD scientists, “ said Professor Leacock.解析：Aa honor改为an honor。元音前(且可数名词单数)用冠词 an。二、练习题：

25、辨认错误并改正试题1. I cannot hardlyA believe it whenB I saw it withC my own eyesD.2. The eruptionsA of Mt. St. Helens were enough severeB to cause numerousCdeathsD.3. Everything could destroyA if he had not calledB the firemenC when the fire broke outD.4. Of allAthe Native AmericansBinC the United States, t

26、he Navajos form largestD group.5. Having returnedA from BerlinB, he recieves no telephone callC, neitherD.6. In the early 1960 ' sA the Civil Rights movement madeB great efforts for registeringC members of minorities to voteD.7. In the nineteenth centuryA the Mohave Indians livedB in the Norther

27、n Hemisphere grewC their crops on river bottom landsD.8. Approximately fifty percent of the packageAutilizedB in the United States arefor foodsC and beveragesD.9. Anne couldn ' t concentrate inA what she was doingBwhileC her family wereD watching TV.10. Wewere struckA by the extent toB which tea

28、chers ' decisions served the interests of the school rather thanCthatD of the students.11. The greenestA and plentifulestB leaves areC the leaves of grassesD.12. Balloon observationsA for militaryB intelligence were madeCwhileD the AmericanCivil War.13. For centuries, musicA have played acoustic

29、al guitars, which produceBsoundC from the vibrationD of the strings.14. They demandedA that the right to voteBis givenC to every adult personD.15. The farA away we get from the earthB, the thinnerC the air becomesD.16. As research techniquesA become more advancedB, theC number of animals usingD in e

30、xperiments may decrease.17. In 1991, after the gulf war, Bush' s approval ratingA reached 91 percent, thehighestB level recordedC since polling were begunD in the 1930s.18. It is a wellknown fact thatA a person will moveB in a circle when he cannotuse his eyes controlChisD direction.19. The nati

31、ons that haveA actively involvedB in earthquake predictionC programs includeD Japan, China, Russia, and the United States.20. SupposedA he does not comeB, shallC we go withoutD him?21. A man cannot be really happy if whatA he enjoys to doB is ignored by societyCas ofD no value or importance.22. It i

32、s reported that there are at least three signs thatAindicateB the personis sufferedC from a panic attack rather thanD a heart attack.23. If he accepts the jobA, he would getBmoreC money right awayD.24. HowsurprisingA the people who thought tomatoes poisonous would be if they could knowBthat millions

33、 of pounds of tomatoes wereC supplied to soldiers overseas duringD World War II.25. On the averageA, males score highB than females onC tests that measure mathematical reasoning, mechanical ability, and problemsolving skillsD.26. Experiments have to makeAunderBcarefullyCcontrolledD conditions.27. Sh

34、eA is soB a good teacher thatC all the students likeD her.28. A life livingA without fantasyB and daydreamingC is a reallyD poor life indeed.29. Large orA fat people who wantB to look smallC than they are usually wear dark clothesD.30. You had better toAbringBenoughC money withD you.31. Having notA

35、got enough handsB, she had great difficultyC in accomplishingD the task 32. The effectA of rapid travel on the body isB actually far disturbingC than we realizeD 33. Many otherA new techniques areB available that enable more research to doC in the test tubeD 34. I think itA necessary forB him finish

36、ingC the work inD time.35. I know Jonathan quite wellA and never doubt whetherB he can do aC good job of itD.36. She died when she was ninetyA, not of old age, but ofB head injury when she fellC down a flightD of stairs.37. Let s begin the lessonAatB the place whereC we left outD last time.38. I was

37、 inA the point of telephoningB him whenC his letter arrivedD.39. His remarksA left meBwonderCaboutD his real purpose.40. Beethoven is my favoriteA musician. I regard him asBmore superior toCotherD musicians.41. In no country moreA than Britain, it has been said, can oneB experience four seasons in t

38、he courseC of aD single day.42. AtA seeing theB damage he had doneC, the child felt ashamedD.43. To believeA it or not, his discovery hasB created a stirC in scientific circlesD.44. When I caught him cheatA I stopped buyingB things there and started dealingC with anotherD shop.45. As beingA announce

39、d in today s papersB, the Shanghai Export Commodities Fairis also openC on SundaysD.46. It is reported that the mostAadoptedB children want to knowCwhoDtheir natural parents are.47. I have kept that portrait whichA I can see it every day, asB it always remindsme ofC my university daysD in London.48.

40、 Jean doesn t want to workA right away because she thinks that if she has togetB a job she probablyC wouldn t be able to see her friends very oftenD.49. I hope all the precautions againstA air pollution, whileB suggested byC the local government, will be seriouslyD considered here.50. We object forA

41、 punishing aB whole group forConeD person s fault.51. The director wasA critical atBthe wayC we were doingD the work.52. Mr. Wilson said that he didA not want toB take inC any further responsibilitiesD.53. TheA last time we hadB a family reunion was inC my brother s wedding ceremonyD four years ago.

42、54. A quiet studentA as he mayBbe, he talks a lot aboutC his favorite singers after classD.55. PublishingA as it was atB such a time, his workC attracted much attentionD.56. He got up, walked acrossA the room, and withB a sharp quick movement flungC the door widely openD.57. His victory in the final

43、A was no moreBconvincedC than I had expectedD.58. Her wallet has been stolenA from her unlocked carB, onlyC because of her carelessnessD.59. When the tank car carriedA the poisonous gas ran offB the rails, the firemen tried to isolate the village fromC all trafficD.to London.60. No soonerAhad they r

44、eachedB there thanC they are orderedD to return61. It is encouragingAto noteB that in recent years, cigarette smokers have beenin the declineC, especially among olderD people.62. NoA bank keeps enoughB cash payingC all its depositors in fullD at one time.63. MagazinesA provide theB great variety of

45、advertisementsC and entertainment as well asD information.64. This is the most important respect whichA civilized manB can be distinguished fromC primitive communitiesD.65. AsA a bad tempered man, he would not tolerateB having his lectures interrupted as ifC he were some obscure candidate makingD an

46、 election speech.66. The boy is constantly being toldA not to scratch the paint offB the wall, but he goes on to doC it all the sameD.67. The parcel you post must be well packedA. Inadequate packing can meanB delay, damage orC loss at your expensesD.68. The radio was of soA inferior quality thatB I

47、took it backC and asked for a better oneD.69. Alice was havingA trouble to controlB the children because there wereC so manyD of them.70. John' s chance of being electedAchairmanB of the committee is farC greater than DickD.71. There are many valuable servicesA which the public are willing to pa

48、y forB, but which does not bringC a return in moneyD to the community.72. He was seeingA somebody creepingB into the house throughC the openD window last night.73. The reason forA all theB changes being madeChas not explainedD to us yet.74. Even thoughA the children pretended asleepB, the nurses wer

49、e not deceivedCwhenD they came into the room.75. There is aA delicate balance of nature whichB many square miles of ocean and vegetation and clean air are neededC to maintain only a relatively fewD humanbeings.76. The idea thatA learning is aB lifelong process has expressedC by philosophersand educa

50、tionalists throughoutD the centuries.77. Nobody besideAlittleB children thinksC that a trip by bus is excitingD.78. In the teachingA of mathematics, the way of instruction is generally traditional, withB teachers presenting formalC lectures and students takeD notes.79. The teacher asked themA who ha

51、d completedB their tests to leaveC the room as quietlyD as possible.80. ManA has used metals for centuries in gradualB increasing quantities, but itwas not until the Industrial Revolution thatC they came to be employedD in real vast quantities.81. If you want your film to properly processA, you ll h

52、ave to wait and pick itupB on Friday, whichCisD the day after tomorrow.82. Young readers, more often than notA, find the novels ofB Dickens farC moreexciting than ThackerayD.83. People cannot butA feel puzzlingB, for they simply cannotC understand how hecould have madeD such a stupid mistake.84. Now

53、here but in Europe we have seenAthe resultsBso clearlyC, which really have surprised us allD.85. The amount of pressureAwhichB the materials are subjectC to affectD the quality of the products.86. I regret having leftA the work unfinishedB; I should planC everything aheadD carefully.87. The problem

54、of unemployment theA governments want solvedB is as serious asC in these underdevelopedD countries.88. It wasA kind of him to meetB me at the station and droveC me to his homeD.89. It was not so muchAthe many blows he received forB the lack of fightingC spirit that led to his losingD the game.90. If

55、A carefully doingB, the experiments willC be successfulD.91. Not untilA she got toB the classroom, she foundC that she had forgottenD to bring her books.92. He boughtA a lot of books, noneB of themC he has ever readD.93. I don t think itA advisable that he will be assignedB to the job since he hasnoC experience whatsoeverD.94. Mr. Jankin regretted to blameA his secretary forB the mistake, forC he later discoveredD it was his own fault.95. At timesA, more care goes intoB the composition of newspaper and magazine advertisements than the writing