劳动经济学-教学大纲

1、劳动经济学教学大纲课程编号：150022B课程类型：专业选修课总 学时：32讲课学时：32 实验（上机）学时：学分：2适用对象：经济学、管理学等先修课程：初级微观经济学、初级宏观经济学、中级微观经济学、中 级宏观经济学、计量经济学、统计学一、课程的教学目标完成本课程后，学生将能够读懂有关劳动力市场问题的文章， 并对劳动力市 场如何运作有一个全面了解。学生也将获得和运用经济学工具来解释和讨论与劳 动力市场相关的政策问题。二、教学基本要求本课程是劳动经济学的初级课程，着重点在于如何运用应用微观经济学的理论和 实证分析来学习劳动经济学。劳动经济学主要研究企业和个人行为和市场中的相 互作用下各种结果。

2、我们从企业层面、个人层面和市场层面来分析影响就业和失 业的因素。我们还将研究国际上和国家具体的制度规则在个人和公司的劳动决策 中发挥的作用。授课老师的作用应该是为学生提供指导，资源和支持。本课程的主要教学方法是 课堂授课。学生应该在来上课前完成指定的资料阅读；来上课的学生要积极参与 课堂讨论和思考回答老师的提问、按时完成作业、和参加考试。课程评估标准如下:课堂参与（出席，课堂讨论，问答）（15%）课堂演示（15%）作业（10%）期末考试（60%）三、各教学环节学时分配（黑体，小四号字）教学课时分配厅P京下内谷讲课实验其他合计1劳动力供给66力动力需求55竞争性均衡44人力资本33工资结构33为

3、动力流动33歧视，工会，失业88合计3232四、教学内容第一章劳动力市场经济学导论第一节个人、企业和政府的决定第二节劳动市场经济第三节劳动力市场结果的初步探索第四节 供应和需求模型：劳动经济学的主力1、竞争性劳动力市场的工资和就业第五节当前的政策问题第六节劳动力市场与其他市场的相似性与差异性1各种表演者的目标2社会学、制度和立法限制3市场不完善4复杂的价格，服务于多种功能第七节另类视角关键点和难点：劳动力市场与其他市场的供求模式和相似性与差异性评价：应用供需模型，了解模型背后的运动机理。第二章劳动力供给：个人对劳动力市场的依附第一节劳动供给理论1扩展和应用2劳动供给理论3量化劳动力市场依附4小

4、时5基本收入休闲模式6比较静态7派生劳动供给曲线8经验证据第二节扩展和应用1增加和劝阻工人的效果2隐性失业3兼职，加班，和灵活的工作时间关键点与难点：劳动供给理论与基本收入休闲模式评价：论证了对劳动供给理论的认识，并将所得的休闲模式应用于现实世界市场 现象。第三章劳动供给与公共政策：工作激励效应的替代第一节收入维持计划1理论上的静态部分平衡效应2地域人口补助3福利4负所得税5工资补贴和所得税抵免6就业保险7残疾支助和工人赔偿8儿童保健补贴第二节 激励效应的说明性证据1非实验的证据。2实验证据3自给自足的项目关键点和难点：激励效应和静态部分平衡效应评价：从不同的公共政策对劳动力供给的激励效应进行

5、解释和分析第四章竞争性劳动力市场中劳动力的需求第一节产品和劳动力市场结构的分类第二节 短期内对劳动力的需求第三节 工资，劳动的边际生产率，产品市场的竞争第四节长期的劳动力需求1等产量线，isocosts,成本最小化2得出公司的劳动需求表3、分离工资变动的规模和替代效应第五节 短期和长期的劳动力需求之间的关系第六节成本最小化下的劳动力需求第七节劳动力需求弹性1可用性替代输入2替代品供给弹性3产出需求弹性4劳动力成本在总成本中的份额5经验证据第八节 需求状况的变化，全球化和外包1贸易对一个单一的劳动力市场的影响2跨部门贸易影响3证据4其他需求方面的因素重点和难点：关系之间的短期和长期运行的劳动力需

6、求，劳动力的需求弹性。评价：了解短期和长期的劳动力需求和劳动力需求弹性，并能够将知识应用到现实世界市场需求问题。第五章单一劳动力市场的工资和就业第一节竞争性企业与市场的互动第二节产品市场的不完全竞争1垄断2垄断竞争和寡头垄断3产品市场结构和市场工资的偏离第三节与供需合作1线性供求函数2应用：一个单位工资税的发生率第四节在劳动力市场买方垄断1简单的买方垄断。2影响买方垄断。3。特色 monopsonists4完美的买方垄断工资的分化。第五节垄断证据第六节最低工资立法1预期影响：竞争性劳动力市场2预期的影响：在劳动力市场买方垄断3预期影响：其他可能的抵消因素4实际影响实证关键点和难点：劳动力市场的

7、不完善竞争和最低工资立法评价：了解劳动力市场不完善的竞争，使最低工资立法与不完全竞争之间的联系第六章补偿工资差异第一节 工资和工资结构的目的第二节补偿工资理论1单公司等利润表2不同的公司有不同的安全技术3单个人的偏好4不同个体的风险偏好5单一企业、单一个体的均衡6与许多公司和个人的平衡第三节安全调节效应1完全竞争的市场2不完善的信息3管制的理由4安全监管：行为经济学的观点第四节工资补偿的实证研究第五节政策的影响关键点和难点：风险偏好和补偿工资评价：了解补偿工资理论，并将其应用于实证分析。第七章人力资本理论：教育与培训的应用第一节人力资本理论第二节私人投资教育第三节教育作为一种过滤器第四节实证证

8、据1教育和收入第五节人力资本收益函数1信号，筛选和能力2解决能力偏差3增加教育和不平等的收益4社会回报教育第六节训练1谁付钱？2政府的适当作用3政府培训项目评估关键点与难点：人力资本收益函数评价：掌握人力资本收益函数，了解教育培训的应用第八章移民经济学第一节政策环境第二节 移民对劳动力市场的影响第三节经济同化第四节 移民结果与公共政策第五节 移民对来源国的影响1人才流失关键点和难点：移民的结果和公共政策评价：从移民对经济的影响。第九章歧视与男女收入差距第一节歧视：原因和来源1歧视的理由2歧视的来源第二节劳动力市场歧视理论1需求理论的歧视2供应理论的歧视3歧视非竞争性的理论。4生产力差异：选择还

9、是歧视？5女权主义观点第三节关于男性女性收入差距的证据1测量歧视2男性女性差异的实证结果3其他群体的实证结果第四节打击性别歧视政策1传统的平等工资立法2平等的价值，支付的权益，或类似的价值立法3平等价值立法的存在4同等价值程序5经济与行政理念的价值6平等价值活动的基本原理7平等价值活动范围8具有可比性的价值9薪酬公平的例子11平等就业机会立法12积极行动或就业平等13促进女性就业的政策14改变偏好和态度第五节政策的影响1传统的平等薪酬政策2肯定行动3可比的价值和报酬的公平4可比价值的就业效应关键点和难点：歧视和收入差距评价：了解不同类型的歧视及其政策含义。第十章工会影响工资和非工资性的结果第一

10、节 工会工资的影响1理论背景和概念问题2工会工资影响测量中的若干问题第二节 工会工资影响的实证研究1早期研究2造型结合的发生率及影响3纵向研究4美国平均影响的总结第三节 工会工资变动的影响第四节工会工资影响：总结第五节工会，工资差异，收入分配第六节。联盟对资源配置和经济福利的影响第七节。工会对非实质性结果的影响1工会和福利2工会对就业的影响3工会对工作条件的影响4工会对离职倾向和流动性的影响5工会对生产力、盈利能力和投资的影响关键点和难点：联盟，营业额和流动性评价：示范知识和理解对工资和非工资结果的影响第十一章失业：含义和测量第一节测量失业1劳动力调查2就业保险索赔人3隐性失业、边际劳动力的依

11、附第二节劳动力动态1失业的发生率和持续时间2改变失业的观点3失业率的差异关键点和难点：劳动力调查和失业率和持续时间评估：了解如何衡量失业和失业问题。五、其它授课老师应根据学生的能力适当调节课程进度和内容六、主要参考书*Benjamin, D., M. Gunderson, T. Lemieux, and W.C. Riddell,Labour Market E conomics ” (7th, Irwin McGraw Hill.Edition), Toronto: McGrawHill Ryerson, 2012. Available at the Dana Porter library *

12、Borjas, G., Labor EconomicsLabor EconomicsCourse OutlineCourse Code: 150022BCourse Type: ElectivesPeriods: 32Lecture: 32 Experiment (Computer): 0Credits: 2Applicable Subjects: Economics, ManagementPrerequistites: Include introductory - to - intermediate microeconomics and a course in statistics orEc

13、onometricsCourse ObjectivesUpon completion of this course the students will be able to critically read public documents dealing with labor market issues and establish a comprehensive understanding of the labor market operation. The students will gain & apply the economic tools to explain and dis

14、cuss the policy issues.Course RequirementsThis course is an introduction to labor economics with an emphasis on applied microeconomic theory and empirical analysis. Labor economics focus on the studies on the behavior of firms and individuals and the various outcomes of their interactions within mar

15、kets. We will analyze firm -level, individual - level and market-level factors affecting employment and unemployment. We will also study the role of international forces and country -specific institutional rules governing labor decisions on the part of individuals and firms.The instructor ' s ro

16、le is to provide guidance, resources, and support. Lecturing is the main teaching approach in this course, but students are responsible for engaging actively in the process. To do well in this course students need to complete the assigned readings before coming to class, come to and participate in c

17、lass, and do homework and come to exams.The course assessment is based on the following:Class Participation (Attendance, Discussion, Q&A) (15%)Class Presentation(15%)Assignment(10%)Final Examination(60%)Course Planning教学课时分配 (Class Schedule)厅p京下内谷讲课实验其他合计Part ILabor Supply66Labor Demand55Competi

18、tiveEquilibrium44Human Capital33The Wage Structure33Labor Mobility33Discrimination, Unions, Unemployment88合计3232Course OutlineChapter 1 Introduction to Labor Market EconomicsSection 1. Decisions by Individuals, Firms, and GovernmentsSection 2. Subject Matter of Labor Market EconomicsSection 3. Preli

19、minary Explorations of Labor Market OutcomesSection 4. The Supply and Demand Model: Workhorse of Labor Economics1. Wages and Employment in a Competitive Labor MarketSection 5. Current Policy IssuesSection 6. Similarities and Differences between the Labor Market and Other Markets1. Various Actors wit

20、h a Variety of Goals2. Sociological, Institutional, and Legislative Constraints3. Market Imperfections4. Complex Price, Serving a Variety of FunctionsSection 7. Alternative PerspectivesKey points and Difficulties: the supply and demand model and similarities and differences between the labor market

21、and other marketsEvaluation: apply the supply and demand model and understand the mechanism of movementsbehind the model.Chapter 2 Labor Supply: Individual Attachment to the Labor MarketSection 1: : The Theory of Labor Supply1. Extensions and Applications2. The Theory of Labor Supply3. Quantifying L

22、abor Market Attachment4. Hours5. Basic Income-Leisure Model6. Comparative Statics7. Deriving the Individual Supply Curve of Labor8. Empirical EvidenceSection 2: : Extensions and Applications1. Added and Discouraged Worker Effects2. Hidden Unemployment3. Moonlighting, Overtime, and Flexible Working H

23、oursKey points and Difficulties: the theory of labor supply and basic income -leisure model Evaluation: demonstrate the understanding on the theory of labor supply and apply the income-leisure model to the real world market phenomenon.Chapter 3 Labor Supply and Public Policy: Work Incentive Effects

24、of AlternativeSection 1. Income Maintenance Schemes1. Static Partial Equilibrium Effects in Theory2. Demogrant3. Welfare4. Negative Income Tax5. Wage Subsidy and Earned Income Tax Credit6. Employment Insurance7. Disability Payments and Workers ' Compensation8. Child-Care SubsidySection 2. Illust

25、rative Evidence of Incentive Effects1. Nonexperimental Evidence2. Experimental Evidence3. The Self-Sufficiency ProjectKey points and Difficulties: incentive effects and static partial equilibrium effects in theory Evaluation: explain and analyze the incentive effects from different public policy on

26、labor supply.Chapter 4 Demand for Labor in Competitive Labor MarketsSection 1. Categorizing the Structure of Product and Labor MarketsSection 2. Demand for Labor in the Short RunSection 3. Wages, the Marginal Productivity of Labor, and Competition in the Product MarketSection 4. Demand for Labor in

27、the Long Run1. Isoquants, Isocosts, and Cost Minimization2. Deriving the Firm ' s Labor Demand Schedule3. Separating Scale and Substitution Effects of a Wage ChangeSection 5. The Relationship between the Short - and Long-Run Labor DemandSection 6. Labor Demand under Cost MinimizationSection 7. E

28、lasticity of Demand for Labor1. Availability of Substitute Inputs2. Elasticity of Supply of Substitute Inputs3. Elasticity of Demand for Output4. Share of Labors Cost in Total Costs5. Empirical EvidenceSection 8. Changing Demand Conditions, Globalization, and Outsourcing1. The Impact of Trade on a S

29、ingle Labor Market2. Cross-Sectoral Impact of Trade3. Evidence4. Other Demand-Side FactorsKeypoints and difficulties: the relationship between the short - and long - run labor damand, elasticity of demand for labor.Evaluation: understand the short -run and long -run labor demand and elasticity of de

30、mand of labor and to be able to apply the knowledge to the real world market demand issues.Chapter 5 Wages and Employment in a Single Labor MarketSection 1. The Competitive Firm' s Interaction with the MarketSection 2. Imperfect Competition in the Product Market1. Monopoly2. Monopolistic Competi

31、tion and Oligopoly3. Product Market Structure and Departures from Market WagesSection 3. Working with Supply and Demand1. Linear Supply and Demand Functions2. Application: Incidence of a Unit Payroll TaxSection 4. Monopsony in the Labor Market1. Simple Monopsony2. Implications of Monopsony3. Charact

32、eristics of Monopsonists4. Perfect Monopsonistic Wage DifferentiationSection 5. Evidence of MonopsonySection 6. Minimum -Wage Legislation1. Expected Impact: Competitive Labor Market2. Expected Impact: Monopsony in the Labor Market3. Expected Impact: Other Possible Offsetting Factors4. Empirical Evid

33、ence on Actual ImpactKey points and difficulties: imperfect competition in the labor market and minimum -wage legislationEvaluation: understand the imperfect competition in the labor market and make the connection between minimum -wage legislation to the imperfect competition.Chapter 6 Compensating

34、Wage DifferentialsSection 1. Purposes of Wages and Wage StructuresSection 2. Theory of Compensating Wages1. Single Firm ' s Isoprofit Schedule2. Different Firms with Different Safety Technologies3. Single Individual s Preferences4. Different Individuals with Different Risk Preferences5. Equilibr

35、ium with Single Firm, Single Individual6. Equilibrium with Many Firms and IndividualsSection 3. Effect of Safety Regulation1. Perfectly Competitive Markets2. Imperfect Information3. Rationale for Regulation4. Safety Regulation: The Behavioral Economics ViewSection 4. Empirical Evidence on Compensati

36、ng WagesSection 5. Policy ImplicationsKey points and difficulties: risk preferences and compensating wagesEvaluation: understand the theory of compensating wages and to be able to apply it the empirical analysis.Chapter 7 Human Capital Theory: Applications to Education and TrainingSection 1. Human C

37、apital TheorySection 2. Private Investment in EducationSection 3. Education as a FilterSection 4. Empirical Evidence1. Education and EarningsSection 5. The Human Capital Earnings Function1. Signaling, Screening, and Ability2. Addressing Ability Bias3. Increased Returns to Education and Inequality4.

38、Social Returns to EducationSection 6. Training1. Who Pays?2. Appropriate Role of Government3. Evaluation of Government Training ProgramsKey points and difficulties: human capital earnings functionEvaluation: master human capital earning function and understand the application to education and traini

39、ng.Chapter 8 The Economics of ImmigrationSection 1. The Policy EnvironmentSection 2. The Impact of Immigrants on the Labor MarketSection 3. Economic AssimilationSection 4. Immigrant Outcomes and Public PolicySection 5. The Impact of Immigration on Source Countries1. The Brain DrainKey points and dif

40、ficulties: immigrant outcomes and public policyEvalution: understand the economic impact from immigration.Chapter 9 Discrimination and Male -Female Earnings DifferentialsSection 1. Discrimination: Reasons and Sources1. Reasons for Discrimination2. Sources of DiscriminationSection 2. Theories of Labo

41、r Market Discrimination1. Demand Theories of Discrimination2. Supply Theories of Discrimination3. Noncompetitive Theories of Discrimination4. Productivity Differences: Choice or Discrimination?5. Feminist PerspectivesSection 3. Evidence on Male -Female Earnings Differentials1. Measuring Discriminati

42、on2. Empirical Results on Male-Female Differentials3. Empirical Results for Other GroupsSection 4. Policies to Combat Sex Discrimination1. Conventional Equal Pay Legislation2. Equal Value, Pay Equity, or Comparable Worth Legislation3. Existence of Equal Value Legislation4. Equal Value Procedures5. E

43、conomic versus Administrative Concepts of Value6. Rationale for Equal Value Initiatives7. Scope of Equal Value Initiatives8. Design Features of Comparable Worth9. Pay Equity Example10. Equal Employment Opportunity Legislation11. Affirmative Action or Employment Equity12. Policies to Facilitate Femal

44、e Employment13. Alter Preferences and AttitudesSection 5. Impact of Policy Initiatives1. Conventional Equal Pay Policies2. Affirmative Action3. Comparable Worth and Pay Equity4. Employment Effects of Comparable WorthKey points and difficulties: discrimination and earning differentialsEvaluation: und

45、erstand different kinds of discrimination and their policy implication.Chapter 10 Union Impact on Wage and Nonwage OutcomesSection 1. Union Wage Impact1. Theoretical Background and Conceptual Problems2. Some Problems in Measuring the Union Wage ImpactSection 2. Empirical Evidence on Union Wage Impact1. Early Studies2. Modelling Union Incidence and Impact3. Longitudinal Studies4. Summa