2021年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试模拟演练英语试题解析

1、2021年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试模拟演练英语注意事项:1 .答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡 上。2 .回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号 涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时, 将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3 .考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷 上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题L5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C

2、三个选项 中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和 阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:How much is the shirt?A. £19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C,1. Why does the woman refiise to go to the gym?A. She is sick.B. She needs a rest.C. She has to work.2. What are the speakers talking about?A. A kind of food.B. A close relat

3、ive.C. A new restaurant.3. What will the woman probably eat?A. Beef.B. Grapes.C. Potatoes.4. What is tlie womans suggestion?A. Repairing the sofa.B. Cleaning the kitchen.C. Buying a cupboard.5. What does the man think of die movie?A. Top quality.B. Above average.C. Siupnsingly bad.第二节（共15小题；每小题15分，满

4、分225分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个 小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. Where are the speakers?A. Iii a restaurant.B. In a bookstore.7. What does the man have to do now?A. Sigil his name.B. Wait liis turn.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8. When does die ma

5、il plan to check in?A. Three days laterB. Four days later.9. What kind of room does the man take?A. One with one bed and a kitchen.B. One with two beds and a kitchen.C. One with two beds and no kitchen.10. How much will the man pay?A. S400.B. $800,C. S1200.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。C. In a supermarket.C. Cal

6、l liis friend.C. Seven days later.11. What did Susan do right before die conversation?A. She visited her brotherB. She called Jolin Reeves.C. She toured diecompany.12. - What does Susan think of the place?A. Its big.B. It's famous.13. Who is Michael?A. Jolins boss.B. Taras husband.C. It*s crowde

7、d.C. Susans brother.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14. What did the woman do last night?A. She went to school.B. She listened to a talk.C. She decorated herhome.15. - What does the woman suggest the man do witli his big table?A. Replace it.B. Have it pamted.C. Make good use of it.16. What is a benefit of decorati

8、ng a house by oneselPA. Saving money.B. Suiting personal taste.C. Strengthening family ties.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. What is special about a live concert?A. The whole experience is unique.B. The sound quality is outstanding.C. The performance can be recorded.18. What does the speaker say about concerts

9、 by university perfbrmmg groups?A. They are expensive.B. They are often of high quality.C. They are covered by the local media.19. What does the speaker suggest doing before the concert?A. Listening to the works to be performed.B. Checking infbniiation at the box office.C. Readmg sometlung about the

10、 concert hall.20. What is die speaker?A. A news reporter.B. A theater designer.C. A college teacher第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分375分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ANon-Credit CoursesThe Pre-College Program offers non-credit courses. Students will experience college-level courses given by s

11、ome of our college s leadmg experts and will receive written feedback （反馈） on their work at the end of the course. Pre-College students will also receive a grade of Satisfactor5r/Unsatisfactor5r and a certificate of completion at die conclusion of the program.All non-credit courses meet from 9:00 a.

12、 m.-l 1:30 a. m. daily and may have additional requirements in the aftemoons or evenings.COURSE: Case Studies in NeuroscienceJune 11July 2Leali RoeschUsing student-centered, active-learning methods and real-world examples, this course is designed to provide a fuller understanding of how the himian b

13、rain works.COURSE: Psychology of CreativityJune 15June 28Marshall DukeWhy are certain people so creative? Is it genetic （遗传的），or a result of childliood experience? Are tliey difierent from everyone else? This popular psychology course lughliglits the different theories of creativity.COURSE: Creative

14、 StorytellingJune 21 July 3Edith FreniThis college-level course in creative storytelling fimctions as an mtroduction to a variety of storytelling tecluiiques tliat appear in different forms of creative writing, such as short fiction and playwriting.COURSE: Sports EconomicsJuly 19 August 1Cliristiiia

15、 DePasqiialeIn this course we will analyze many mterestiiig aspects of die sports mdustry: sports leagues, ticket pricing, salary negotiations, discrimmation, and NCAA policies to name a few.1. Who is the text intended for?A. Tlie general public. B. College freshmen.C. Educational experts. D. High s

16、chool students.2. Which course can you take if you are free only in June?A. Sports Economics. B. Creative Storytelling.C. Psychology of Creativity. D. Case Studies in Neuroscience.3. Whose course should you choose if you are interested in creative writing?A. Leah Roesch's. B. Edith Freni's.C

17、. Marshall Duke's. D. Christina DePasquale's.【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B【解析】本文是一则应用文。文章介绍了大学预科项目所提供非学分课程。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的 Students will experience college-level courses given by some of our college's leading experts and will receive written feedback （反馈）on their work at the end of die course.

18、Pre-college students will also receive a grade of Satisfactory/Unsatisfoctoty and a certificate of completion at the conclusion of the program.（学生将体验学院顶尖专家开设的大学 水平课程，并在课程结束:时收到有关工作的书而反馈。大学预科生也将获得满意/不满意的 成绩，并在课程结束时获得结业证书）”可推知，这篇文章是写给大学预科生的，即高中生。 故选D。【2题详解】细日理解题。根据 COURSE: Psychology of Creativity 中的“

19、June 15 June 18（6 月 15 日-6 月18日）”及其他课程时间的安排可知，如果你只有在六月有空闲时间，你可以选择 Psychology of Creativityo 故选 C。【3题详解】细方理解题。根据 COURSE: Creative Storytelliiig 中的 “This college-level course in creative storytelling fimctions as an introduction to a variety of storytelling teclmiques that appear in different forms of

20、 creative writing, such as short fiction and playwriting.（这门大学水平的创造性 故事课程介绍了各种不同形式的创造性写作中出现的故事技巧，如短篇小说和戏剧写作）” 可知，如果你对创意写作感兴趣，你应该选择Crea出e Storytelling,该课程的授课人是Edith Frenio 故选 B。BIll my everyday lifb, I am on an ongoing journey to figure out difierent ways to reduce my carbon footprint on the planet.

21、A carbon footprint is die measure of mfluence our activities have on the environment, m particular climate change. It is calculated by the amount of greeiiliouse gas we produce in our daily lives. Fortunately, nowadays it is much easier to make eco-friendly lifestyle choices than, lets say, 20 years

22、 ago. But one question has been on my niuid a lot lately: is it better to buy new eco-friendly products or used traditionally produced goods?After doing some research. I have decided tliat some things are better new and otliers are better used. Let me try to explain.A carbon footprint is made up of

23、two parts, the primary footprint and die secondary footprint. Tlie primary footprint is a measure of our direct emissions（用E放）of carbon dioxide（CO2）from die bunimg of fuels, includmg household energy consumption and transportation. The secondary footprint is a measure of the mdirect CO2 emissions fr

24、om the whole lifecycle of products we use- tliose related to their production and breakdown.Based on this understanding, we have a good deal of control and responsibility over our carbon footprint. Tlimgs like dishes, clothes and fiuniture fall into the "secondary fbotprint'' group, so

25、less is more and we can focus on findmg used goods to avoid the added production. However, for the car and the other appliances（设 备）that we need we can go with new, energy- saving models. I heard somewhere that electronics and appliances give off 90% of tlieir carbon footprint after they leave die f

26、actory. So it seems most reasonable to go for the energy-saving models. The mam concern here is the amount of energy that goes into the making of new products and whetlier or not that extra carbon is worth the footprint the product will make once it gets to you.4. 'Mhat is die text mainly about?

27、A. What appliances to buy to save energy.B. What a carbon fbotprmt means in our life.C. How to identify different carbon footprints.D. How to make eco-friendly lifestyle choices.5. What do we know about the secondary carbon fbotprmt? A- It is related to our consumption of fiiels.B. It is made when w

28、e are buying the products.C. It is less harmfill than die primary carbon fbotprmt.D. It is counted as ours though not directly made by us.6. Which of the following helps reduce our carbon fbotprmt accordmg to the author?A. Using second-hand textbooks. B. Using old and expensive cars.C. Buying new bu

29、t cheap clotlies. D. Buying new wooden fiiniiture.7. "The footprint" imderlined in the last sentence refers to the CO2 produced in.A. using the product B. recycling the productC. making the product D. transporting the product【答案】4. D 5, D 6. A 7. A【解析】这是一篇说明文。作者一直努力减少生活中的碳足迹，但是新型环保产品和使用过的传

30、统生 产的产品，哪一种更能减少碳足迹呢？作者通过研究和对比给我们找到了答案：他们各有千 秋。【4题详解】主旨大意题。文章第一段中"Fortunately, nowadays it is much easier to make eco-friendly lifestyle choices（幸运的是，现在更容易选择环保的生活方式）”以及困扰作者的一个问题“is it better to buy new eco-friendly products or used traditionally produced ones?（新型环保产品，使用过的 传统生产的产品，选择哪一种更好？）”再根据第二

31、段一整段的内容，作者通过研究得出答 案，有些时候是新型环保产品好，有时候是另一种更好。文章接下来的段落就是分析了作者 这个答案是怎样找到的。由此可知，文章主要是关于怎样选择更环保的生活方式的。故选D.【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“The secondary footprint is a measure of the indirect C02 emissions from the whole lifecycle of products we use-those related to their production and breakdown.（第 二种足迹是表示我们使用的产品在整个生命

32、周期中间接排放的二氧化碳，这些是和他们的生 产和排放有关的）”可知，第二种碳足迹虽然不是我们直接产生的，但是也是我们使用的产 品释放出来的，也是要归结到我们身上的。故选D.【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Things like dishes, clothes and furniture fall into the ''secondary footprint“ group, so less is more and we can focus on finding used goods to avoid the added production."可知，像盘子，衣服和

33、家具这样的物品是属于“第二类型的足迹”，所以是越 少越好，我们应该注重寻找用过的物品来避免额外的生产。二手书是属于和衣服等可以二次 使用的物品，符合题意。故选A。【7题详解】词句猜测题。根据第四段中“The main concern here is the amount of energy that goes into the making of new products and whether or not that extra carbon is worth the footprint the productWill make once it gets to you.（主要的问题是这些投入

34、在制造新产品时的能源以及这种额外的 碳是否值得它到你手里以后，所产生的碳足迹）”可知，footprint在其后定语从句the product will make once it gets to you充当make的宾语，意思是"这种碳足迹就是产品到你手里之后， 你使用中所产生的:由此推知，划线词组the footprint指的是“产品使用过程中产生的二 氧化碳工故选A。CMagic is a form of entertaniment tliat is based on preteiidmg to do tlimgs that are impossible. Tlie magicia

35、n is a specially tramed actor He tries to make the audience believe that he has the power to do things which are against the laws of nature.Magic shows are entertaining as long as the audience does not discover how die tricks are done. The magician usually depends on his skill witli his hands, on hi

36、s knowledge of psychology, and, sometimes, on mechanical devices（机械装置）.Since magic performance is meant to trick people, die use of psychology is miportant. Tlie magician must keep people from noticing all the movements of his hands and from thinkmg about the secret parts of his equipment. He must a

37、lso lead the audience to draw false conclusions. The magicians success depends on the fact that many tilings seen by die eye are not the things tliat matter.Two basic magic tricks are making objects seem to appear and making objects seem to disappear. A combmation of these two tricks makes for some

38、mteresting effects. For example, die magician puts a small ball under one of several cups. Tlie ball then seems to jump from one cup to another or to change colour. What actually happens is that the magician, employing quick hand movements or a mechanical device, hides one ball. While doing this he

39、talks to die audience and waves a brightly coloured cloth with one hand. The audience is too busy watching the clotli and listenuig to the magician's words to notice that his other hand is hiding the ball.Another favourite trick is to cut or bum something, and then make it appear whole again. Wh

40、at actually happens is that the magician makes the cut or burned object disappear by quickly hiding it wlule the audience watches somethmg else. Then he niagically" makes it appear whole agam by displaying（展示）another object tliat has not been cut or burned.8. What is tlie authors main purpose i

41、n writing the text?A. To promote a magic show. B. To teach people to be magicians.C. To explain the art of magic. D. To praise the talents of magicians.9. Which of the fbllowmg is nnportant for a successful magic trick?A. Moving stage equipment. B. Directing the audience's attention.C. Applying

42、high technology. D. Keepmg the performance in secret.10. What does the author focus on in the last two paragraphs?A. Providing examples. B. Making a summary.C. Drawing comparisons. D. Explainmg a concept.11. What can we infer from the text?A. Mechanical de'ices are expeiisn-e. B. Most magicians

43、employ assistants.C. It takes practice to perform magic. D. Small objects are magicians' fkuounte.【答案】8.C9. D 10. A 11. C【解析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了一些魔术师表演的细节以及有关魔术的小技巧。【8题详解】目的意图题。通过对文章主旨大意的理解以及文章最后两端讲述的魔术技巧，可知作者写这 篇文章的主要目的是解释魔法的艺术。故选C项。【9题详解】细节理解题。通过第二段“Magic shows are entertaining as long as the audienc

44、e does not discover hoxv the tricks are done.（只要观众不知道魔术是如何表演的，魔术表演就很有趣。）”以及“The magician must keep people from noticing all the movements of his hands and from thmking about the secret parts of his equipment.（魔术师必须防I h人们注意到他的手的所有动作和思考他的 设备的秘密部分。）“可知，对演出保密对于魔术的成功很重要。故选D项。【10题详解】推理判断题。通过倒数第二段"For

45、 exaiiq）le the magician puts a small ball under one of several cups. The ball then seems to jump from one cup to another or to change colour.（例如， 魔术师把 一个小球放在几个杯子中的一个下而。然后球似乎从一个杯子跳到另一个杯子或改变颜色）” 以及最后一段“What actually happens is that the magician makes tlie cut or burned object disappear by quickly hidi

46、ng it while the audience watches something else.（实际发生的是，魔术师通过在观 众观看其他东西时迅速隐藏它，使被切割或烧毁的物体消失）”可以推知，在文章最后两段中， 作者举了两个例子。故选A项。【11题详解】推理判断题。通过文章第一段“The magician is a specially trained actor.（魔术师是受过专门训 练的演员）''可推知，表演魔术需要练习。故选C项。DThe average bear, it seems, is gettmg ever smarter. First, it turned ou

47、t that at least one can use a comb. Now it appears that some can count, too.Jennifer Vbnk, of Oakland University, m Michigan, and Michael Beran, from Georgia State University, set three American black bears the task of distmguishing between numerically larger and smaller groups of dots（点）on a comput

48、er screen. In renini for a food reward one bear, Brutus, would touch the more heavily dotted pattern with Ins nose. Tlie others, Bella and Dusty, would touch tlie screen witli their claws（爪子）.As die researchers report m Aiuinal Behavior, the bears did best with patterns where die coloured dots did n

49、ot move and where more of them also took up a larger coloured area. This could be explamed by the bears* distinguishing tlie different areas of colour rather than tmly countuig the dots. However, the tliree bears managed to pick out the bigger number of dots even in pairs of patterns where fewer dot

50、s took up a larger area.Moving patterns, where each dot followed its own path around tlie screen, were more of a challenge. But Brutus, at least, was not defeated. He seemed to be counting mobile dots even when the scientists tried to mislead hini by moving the total coloured area of the dots at tli

51、e same time.It is not entirely sinprisiiig that bears should have a high degree of intelligence. They face a lot of challenges when trying to get food. Tliey are, however, always alone, and so do not have the complex social systems that contribute to aiuinal smarts. Perhaps, then, their maths skill

52、developed because tliey cannot count on their friends for help.12. What task did die scientists set for the three bears?A. Distinguishing different dot patterns.B. Figuring out difierent colours of dots.C. Puttmg the dots into differently coloured groups.D. Picking out the group with a larger number

53、 of dots.13. For the bears, the task was easier when.A. the coloured dots were moving slowlyB. the dot patterns were regular in shapeC. the dots followed a path on the screenD. more dots covered a larger coloured area14. What may explain the bears' high degree of mtelligence?A. Tliey learn skill

54、s from other aimnals.B. Tliey face life challenges on their own.C. Tliey feed on a diverse range of food.D. Tliey have complex social networks.15. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Bears Taught to Distinguish ColoursB. New Evidence of Bear Intelligence FoundC. Tliree Bears Learned How to

55、CountD. Tlie Smartest American Black Bear Brutus【答案】12.A13. D 14. B 15. B【解析】本文是说明文。本文介绍了一些新的发现，证明了熊是一种高智商动物。【12题详解】细打理解题。根据第二段"Jennifer Vbnk、of Oakland University, ill Michigan, and Michael Beran, from Georgia State University、set tliree American black bears the task of distinguishing between

56、numerically larger and smaller groups of dots on a computer screen.（密歇根州奥克兰大学的 Jennifer Voiik和乔治亚州立大学的Michael Beran给三只美国黑熊设定了一项任务，即在电 脑屏幕上区分数字上较大和较小的点组）“可知，科学家们给这三只熊安排的任务是区分不同 的点的模式。故选A项。【13题详解】到H ».理解题。根据第三段"As the researchers report m Annual Behavior the bears did best with patterns wher

57、e tlie coloured dots did not move and where more of tliein also took up a larger colouredarea.（正如研究人员在动物行为杂志上所报告的那样，熊最擅长的图案是那些彩 色的点不移动，而且更多的点占据了更大的彩色区域）“可知，熊最擅长的图案是被更多的点 覆盖的更大的彩色区域。故选D项。【14题详解】细方理解题。根据最后一段“It is not entirely surprising tliat bears should have a lugli degree of mtelligence. They face

58、 a lot of challenges when trying to get food.（熊拥有高度的智力并不完全 令人惊讶。他们在获取食物时面临着很多挑战厂可知熊的高智商表现在它们独自面对生活的 挑战。故选B项。【15题详解】标题判断题。本文介绍了一些新的发现，为证明熊是一种高智商动物提供了证据，所以文章 标题应该是“发现了证明熊智力的新证据二故选B项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分125分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有 两项为多余选项。Apps （short for applications） are beconiuig mcreasiiigly popular nowadays, and for good reason. They can help you out in just about every area of your life, whether it's keeping fit, communicating with friends, or even learning a languageHeres what you s