初中英语中考情态动词考点及练习

1、情态动词【情态动词】 又叫情态助动词。它们具有以下特点: 它们必须与其他动词连用，即： 情态动词+动词标表示说话人对所述动作的看法，如需要、可能、意愿或怀疑等。绝大多数情态动词没有人称和数的变化,即第三人称单数不加-s（以be和have开头的情态动词短语除外）。 在意义上，情态动词具有 多义性”。例：can既可表示能力，又可表示可能、允许等意义。【情态动词的基本用法】1. can的基本用法： 表示体力或智力上的能力，即 能够，会“，可与be able to转换。例：He can speak English. = He is able to speak English. Can you play

2、 basketball?-No, I can . t如果表示 将来 具备的能力，要用 will be able to。例：If I have a good sleep, I will be able to do the problem. 表示许可，主要用于口语，书面语一般用may。例： Can we go home now, please?-No, you can . tYou can only smoke in this room.You can keep the library books for more than a month. 表示“可能”，与may同义，但一般用在疑问句中。例：

3、What can he possibly want?在否定句中，否定形式cant表示推测 不大可能”。例： Anybody can make mistakes.The news can be true.与第一、二人称连用时，还可以就可能的解决问题的方式或可能的行为提出建议。在这里，也可用could使语气婉转。例：Can / Could we meet again next week? 下周我们可以再见面吗？ What shall we do? 我们怎么办呢？一We can / could try asking Lucy for help.我们可以请露茜帮忙试试看。You can / could

4、 help me with the cooking.你可以帮我做饭。2. may的基本用法： 表示“许可”，用can比较口语化。例：You may / can come if you wish. 如果你想来，你就来。You may not pick flowers in this park. 本公园内不许摘花。（may not表示按规定不许可，如果用mustn则表示说话人不许可。）一May 11 smoke here?我可以在这里抽烟吗？ No, you mustn，行。（mustn 表示明确的禁止。） 肯定句中表示推测，“可能”。例：It may rain tomorrow.明天可能会下雨。

5、The news may not be true.这个消息可能不会是真的。注意：如果在威问：中表示“可能”，通常用 扇。例：Can it be true? 那会是真的吗？Who can he be? 1他究竟是谁呢？ 【注意】：May| I/we?Yes, youma1./ No, you mustn，. t3. must的基本用法： 表示必须，强调说话人的主观意志。例：I must go now, or I ll be late.You must be here by ten o clock.【注意】：表示必须时， must的否定式为 needn t,或dont have to ，而不是mu

6、stii b 也就是： 一Must I/we do it now ?-Yes, you _ must .-No, you |needn |/don have to .例：一Must I go with them?-No, you. 表示推测，一般只用于 肯定陈述句，表示非常肯定。例：She didn t look at me. Shenust be angry.她不朝我看，一定是生气了。He is good at English. He must know the word. 他英语好，准知道这个词。You must be Mr. Jones.想必您就是琼斯先生吧。4. have to的基本用

7、法：have to可视为情态动词，但它与其他情态动词在用法上稍有不同。其他情态动词没有人称和数的变化， 而have to却有人称和数的变化，要视主语的不同而变化。例：I / You/ We / They have to .He / She / It has to .You don have to .Does she have to ?have to =have got td,意思是“必须.不得不”。和must不同之处：must强调主观需要have to强调客观需要。例：Sorry, I have to leave now.对不起，现在我得走了。I ve got to go to a meeti

8、ng. 我得去参加一个会议。Will he have to work deep into the night? 他将不得不工作到深夜吗？5. need的基本用法：need的基本词义是 需要“， 它既可作，小杰动词: 又可作实义动词 。need用作情态动词时，只用于否定句和疑问句。它只有一种形式，后接动词原形。例：I don t believe yoneed worry.我相信你没有必要焦急。一Need we go so soon?我们需要这么早就去吗？一Yes, we must / No, we needn . t 是的，必须。/不，不必。So I needn tell him, need I

9、? 所以我不需要告诉他，对吧？请比较以下两句话的不同意思：You needn t buhe coat.你没有必要买那件外衣。(你还没买)You needn t have boughte coat.你没有必要买这件外衣的。(而你却买了)【注意】：Need | I/we?-Yes, you must |./ No, you| needn /t|don have to |.need用作性迎向I，有态、人称和数的变化。如果人作主语，一般后接带to的动词不定式。即 need to do sth如果物作主语，一般后用 need to be done 或|need doing sth一例如：I need t

10、o look up this word in the dictionary.My watch needs mending/to be mended. 我的手表需要修理了。We don t neeto work today. (= We needn work today.)Does he need to go right now? (= Need he go right now?)6. had better的基本用法:to的动词不定式。had better常略作d better现代语法认为它是一个助动词，因为它后接不带had better do sth意思是 最好做某事；还是做某事比较好例：Yo

11、u d betteget some sleep.你最好睡一会儿。You d better nodo that again.你最好别再做那件事。What had we better do now? 我们现在怎么做才好呢？Hadn we better tell her the truth? 我们是否最好不告诉她真相？注意: Y。d better表示劝告或委婉的命令，对长辈不宜使用。7. could, should, would, might 表示推测:.must多用于肯定句中表示 把握性极大的推测，意思为 定、肯定如：You have worked hard all day. You must b

12、e tired. 你已辛苦工作一整天了，一定累了。The book must be his. His name is on the cover.这本书一定是他的，封面上写着他的名字。【注意】 must不表推测时，在肯定句中意思为必须（强调内在的职责）”在否定句中意思为 不许、禁止”以它开头的疑问句否定回答常用needn或don t （doesn t） have to如:We must obey the traffic rules.我们必须遵守交通规则。Cars mustn t be parked here#严禁停车。一Must we hand in the papers this week?

13、我们必须本星期交论文吗 ？- No, you needn不t.1你们不必（本星期交）。.can / could多用于否定句、疑问句最感叹句小表示推测、怀疑，两者在时间上没有差别。用 can时不相信 的程度更强一些，can口徜常译为|不可能”。如:The man under the tree canTobe. He s gone to England这个人不可能是 Tom,他已经去英国了。Can it be true that he was fooled by a five-year-old boy? 他被一个五岁的孩子愚弄了，这能是真的吗？Could this be an excuse?这会不

14、会是个借口 ？How can you be so careless! 你怎么这样粗心 ！.may / might多用来表示把握性不大的推测，意思为 也许、可能，might比may的把握性更小一些。may not|在否定句中常常译为何能不”|。（注意区分 不可能”与 何能不”在把握性大小上的差异。） 如:Mr. Wang may know Professor Li s telephone number先生也许知道李教授的电话号码。This might be the key Tom has been looking for.这可能就是汤姆一直在找的钥匙。She may not be there t

15、oday.今天她可能不在那儿。，、典型例题【中考链接】()1. Who is the man over there? Is it Mr. Li?No, it be him. Mr. Li is much taller.A. mustn t B. may noC. can t()2. Must I go with them tomorrow ?No, you.A. mustntB. shouldnt C. neednt()3. I take some photos in the hall?No, you.A. Can, needn B. Must, mustn tC. Could, won ()

16、4.- Dad, must I finish my homework today?D.needn tD. cantt D. May, mustn tNo, you. You may do it tomorrow.D. won tA. needn t B. mustn t C. don t()5. The lake is said to be dry. Is that true? It.Look, some kids are swimming in it.A. must be true B. can t be true C. may not be true ()6. What is your m

17、other going to do this Saturday?一I m not surShe go to see my grandmother.A. canB. mustC. may()7. Susan has bought a large house with a swimming pool.It be very expensive. I never even dream about it.A. mustB. mightC. can tD. shouldn()8. Listen! Is Professor Johnson giving a report in the hall? No, i

18、t be him. He has gone to Japan.A. needn t B. may notC. mustn tD. can t()9. Let s go to the West Hill Park by taxi.Oh, it is not far away from here. We take a taxi.A. couldn t B. mustn t C. needn t D. can t ()10. Can you play the piano? Yes, I. I often practice it on weekends.A. needn t B. needC. can

19、 tD. can三、课后练习一、 用 can, may, must, need, have to, had better 的适当形式填空：1. You return the library book on time.2. I(not) find the way to the hospital.you show me the way?3. 一 I finish the work right now?No, you(not). You do it later.4. He said he(not) come tonight.5. Her mother was ill. She stay at hom

20、e and look after her.6. It s time for class. You stop playing football or you be late for class7. We start right now, or they would get there first.8. The cloud is lifting, so it(not) be a rainy day tomorrow.二、选择填空()1.Do we have to finish our homework this afternoon? Yes, you.A. must B. can C. may D

21、. need()2. Must I be in hospital for a week , Doctor?-No, you _ . Ycu can go back home tomorrow.A. mustn t B. needn t C, WUSl()3. The desk is not dirty. You clean it.A. mustn t B. shouldn t C. needn t C. can t()4. May I watch TV for a while ?No, you. You have to finish your homework first.A. shouldn

22、 t B. needn t C. mustn t D. won t()5. Is Jessica giving us a speech this evening? No, it be her. She to Japan.A. mustn ; has gone B.mustnt ;has beenC. can t ;hasgone D. can t ;has been()6. It s the library! So you know shouting is not allowedhere.A. canB. mustC. needD.may()7. Boys and girls, don t forget yourreport . It today.A. can t finish B. can t be finished C. should finish D. should be finished()8.Mr Smith must have been to your home this morning. No, he,because he didn t know my add