高中英语语法填空常考点精讲精练知识讲解

1、精品文档派生词部分语法填空中有些单词变形侧重于考查构词法，主要是派生构成法。派生法（ derivation）是英语中重要的构词法，它借助在词干上加词缀的办法来构成新的单词。一个单词的基本部分称为词干（ stem ），加在词干前面的部分称为前缀（prefix ），加在词干后面的部分成为后缀（suffix ）。一般来说，前缀改变词义，后缀改变词性。如：在repayment （偿还）一词中，pay 付钱，是词干； re-有返还 " 之意，是前缀，改变词义；-ment 是后缀，改变词性为名词。英语中派生词很多。这里我们只能把常考的派生词按词缀进行归类练习，以提高我们掌握、识记单词的能力。把课

2、本生词表中的生词记牢才是备考的上策。第 1 讲常见前缀1.This may sound _ (convenient), but English peopleare used to doing so.2.Meanwhile, the editor was getting_ (patience), for themagazine would soon go to press.3. If they stay in a museum too long, a feeling of boredomwill build up, leading eventually to _(patience) andfat

3、igue.4. My motto also makes me become an _ (depend) person.5.Faridabad is very poor and most people don' have airconditioners or even electric fans. Besides, electricity isoften cut off_ (expect).6.Something_ (believe) happened on the plane.7.Do not carry too much money or_ (necessity) creditcar

4、ds.8.Although_ (able) to publish at that time, hecirculated( 使传阅 )three photocopied collections of hiswork.9. The student or any other person, may come back to hiswork tired and _ (interested).10.People were_ (familiar) with this product at thebeginning, and made many guesses at how it was produced.

5、11. Staring out of the window, my mother complained about the _ (responsible) and cruel person who left his dog with us.第 2 讲常见名词后缀1.To my _ (amaze), Life of France and Italy seemedmore pleasant and relaxing than that of Toronto.2. I love Jack a lot but we are getting into a lot of _(argue) about ou

6、r wedding plans.3. Similar _ (arrange)also exists in some British schools.4. 【2016 全国 U】 Then, handle the most important tasksfirst so you'll feel a real sense of_ (achieve).5.【2016 全国山】 Some people think that the great Chinesescholar Confucius, who lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced

7、 the _ (develop) of chopsticks.6. When you stand in front of the mirror, it will use the technology to make its own _ (judge) of your bodytype.7.In _ (conclude), wise choices and full preparations are reliable measures to reach our goals.8. I think it necessary for us to discuss this problem withour

8、 parents before we make a final_ (decide).精品文档精品文档9. I think they were all better worth visiting than many other _ (attract).10. 【 2016 全国 I】 But for tourists like me, pandas are itstop _ (attract).11.There are two new hotels here under_ (construct).12.He has made great _ (contribute) to the develop

9、mentof our company.13. Since news broke, netizens have praised Tian for his (devote) to teaching his students and his ability to think outof the box.14. Researchers argue that people have too high _(expect) of the power of saying sorry.15.He has received three similar_ (invite) so far.16. But the ha

10、rdest part lay in my oral _ (present) from my memory for to read from the paper was not allowed.17.Knowing that, my mum and I made careful(prepare) forthe celebration.18.However, the collector said it was one of his valuable(possess) and he could not let it go. possessions19. Not only have the fable

11、s themselves lived for nearly1500 years, but _ (express) from them have enteredvarious languages.20.I couldn ' t see a sad_ (express) on his face.21.Some people whose_(intend) is to make big moneyappreciate being given any chance to multiply their income22.Now let me give you a brief_ (describe)

12、 of hisexperience.23. The pressure helps us learn the true meaning of _(compete) before we step into society.24. The _ (explain) was simple but very unusual.25.That smile is what gives him the_ (determine) tolove himself.26. For example, when people used dogs for hunting, the dogs would not eat what

13、 they caught without _(permit).27.Once you reach that point in life, happiness and_(satisfy ) can't be too far away.28. _ (honest) is the best policy.29. More and more students would drop out of school if their personal _ (safe) could not be guaranteed.30.The reasons for its_ (popular) are the m

14、usic'fastpace and rhythmic beat.31. I know your _ (curious) is driving you mad!32. It gives us a strong heart and teaches us to step forward no matter what the _ (real) is.33.After two earlier_ (marry) ,she married Vincent Astorin 1953 again.34.Hello Kitty is all about_ (happy) and friendship an

15、dfun.35. It is an occasion which offers all of us an opportunity to remember not only the sick, aged, and orphaned, but alsofriends, relatives and neighbors whose _(friend) andhelpfulness we have enjoyed.36. As she more and more studied the photo, she began tosee the sadness and_ (lonely) in his eye

16、s.37. These young _ (employ), who are enthusiastic about cars, know that quality comes first.38.The line has a _(long) of 174 km.39. Eventually, I went home with my car full of groceriesand my heart full of _ (warm) and kindness.40.Shawn tried to decide whether to admit the_ (true).41.On Tuesday, yo

17、u build up_ (strong) in your legs bydoing deep knee bends.42. 【 2014 陕西】 On June 27, 2012, the Jaolong reached a_ (deep) of 7, 062 meters in the Pacific Ocean.43.Culture shock can happen immediately upon your_(arrive) in the country.44.If they stay in a museum too long, a feeling of_(bore) will buil

18、d up45.He looked so happy when he enjoyed the _(free) ofrunning on the grass.46. When people pet animals, their blood (press) and heart rates go down.第 3 讲 常见形容词后缀1.Drawn in simple black and white, Tuzki( 兔斯基 ) doesn ' timprove our English writing ability.seem _ (impress) at first sight.3.There

19、is no _ (effect) vaccine or treatment currentlyavailable for Ebola.2.Keeping a diary in English is an_ (effect) way to4.For others, working in a _ (create) environment with精品文档精品文档other people makes them happier.5. Human beings are _ (competition) animals and we decide to evaluate each other.6.They

20、give off _ (poison) gases.7.My classmates attended_(vary) events such asrunning, high jump and long jump.8.So many people are so _(anxiety) to “ getn "on a“ground floor opportunity", as if the opportunity wil allthe work that ' s impossible.9.Almost all the fables he wrote are_ (humor)

21、 andentertaining, appealing to people of all ages.10. Unlike his father, he had better luck in business andshowed more_ (finance) sense.11. London is a world _ (culture) capital and is home to many museums, galleries, banks, libraries, and sporting events.12. 【2008 广东】 This proverb is saying we have

22、 to let thingsgo in their_ (nature) course. natural。13. 【 2015 全国 U】 As _ (nature) architects, thePueblo Indians figured out exactly how thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.14. _ (tradition), water would be collected and pouredonly on family members as a symbolic w

23、ay to ensure good luck in the coming year.do 15.They do not waste people 'tisne with conversations orother activities that have no visible _ (benefit) result.16.The name Big Ben _(origin) referred to the GreatBell within the tower17.I ' ve realized that trying to get everything done in a_(li

24、mit) time means that nothing can be done properly.18.He was born in a poor family, and only received a_(limit) education in his childhood.19. He is a _ (talent) artist.20. We tried our best to climb out but then I saw one of my sons was _ (miss)第 4 讲连变或成对词缀1. Later, actors, musicians, dancers and si

25、ngers from allover the world came over to give _(perform).2.Unfortunately, many people can only see a camel' soutstanding _(perform), but few understand itspreparations made for it.3.This festival is a holiday of great_(significant) andthe one with the longest history.4.Besides an attractive_ (a

26、ppear), tiny houses can alsoboast unique practical features.5.While most manage to cover the short_ (distant), ahandful are stuck inside the railway tracks that liebetween the ocean and popular park.6. An old woman fell over at the _(enter) and hit her head on the ground.7. When we are feeling stres

27、sed there is a tendency to turnto others for some _ (assist).8.Next day I saw an ad for a sales_(assist) in a localbookshop and put my house on the market.9.The _ (present) of both suggests at least thepossibility of life.10.Some even awarded prizes to_ (participate) whocould perform this feat in a

28、natural and effortless way.11. 【 2014 陕西】 The advertisement for engineers in thelocal paper attracted many_ (apply).12. His continual _ (present) on instant messaging platforms like QQ and WeChat has made him a true icon(偶像、标志 )of the internet generation.13. The expert refused to teach him because h

29、e feared thatthe youth would not have the_ (patient) to learn.14.Deep worry began to destroy my_ (confident).15. It ' s _ (evidence) that it will do great harm to society.16.【 2014 全国 I 】Just be _ (patience).17. Nevertheless, apologies might be an important social toolas they reaffirm( 重新确认 ) th

30、e _ (exist) of rules thatneed to be observed.18. In conclusion, wise choices and full preparations are (rely) measures to reach our goals.19. Something _ (believe) happened on the plane.20. Staying healthy when traveling can help to ensure yourtrip is a happy and _(enjoy) one.21. Wood became very ex

31、pensive and hard to get, so theChinese had to either find a substitute for their_精品文档精品文档(value) wood, or learn how to use it better.22. 【 2013 广东】 That would be a very _ ( reason )thing to do in a big city, but it could destroy a small village like ours.23.【 2007 广东】 But even more _(value) are thel

32、essons learned in extra-curricular activities in school.24.【 2015 全国 U】In addition to their simple beauty, whatmakes the adobe dwellings( 土坯房 )admirable is their(able) to “ aircondition a house without using electricequipment.25.With an online study format, the tests and notes can be (access) with j

33、ust a mouse click from your homecomputer.26. In conclusion, wise choices and full preparations are (rely) measures to reach our goals.27.During his career Harrison'_s_ (responsible) is toapprove large quantities of the sweet ice cream.28. The old people there were talkative and they told us thei

34、rpersonal stories_ (cheer).29. On the way back down, my uncle asked me a question,which left me _ (speech) for a second.30.With the order from the ground, the plane_ (success)landed at the nearest airport.31.The researchers suggest that after a_(stress) day,simply doing something as small as holding

35、 the dooropen for someone else and carrying someone' s bags cangive you mood a boost.32. Nobel had never been to school or university, but hadstudied privately and became a_ (skill) chemist andexcellent linguist.33. To some a dog is a _ (faith) hunter and to others he is merely a decoration.34.

36、【 2014 辽宁】 I cannot control my body well. My legsbecome _ (pain).35.I plan to finish my year with a_ (joy) marriage andplan for my own family life.36. _ (need) to say, he got poor marks in all subjects.37. I felt extremely upset when the news came that theearthquake had led to extensive and severe d

37、amage in your county,causing loss of lives and leaving many people(home).38. The applicant may not know that he actually has the required _ (qualify).第5讲其他一些单词的其他词性形式并不是加词缀构成，而是改变了其中的字母或字母组合，或添加或去掉一些字母。这样的单词需要专门去记。1.During our visit, the home was filled with_ (laugh).2. This _ (lose) was very bad fo

38、r the country, of course, but it turned out to be very good for the food.3.Actually, children learn violence _(behave) fromadults or from what they see on television or on the Internet.4. 【 2009 广东】 But Jane knew from past experience thather _(choose) of ties hardly ever pleased herfather.5.In Senio

39、r One, he was an_ (energy) boy who wantedto become a player in the school basketball team.6. Smiling with _ (relieve), he set off again on the donkey's back.7. I have a strong _ (believe) that one day Chinese students can buy these tickets, too.8.The cat is not for_ (sell).9. She expressed her d

40、isgust at the program by writing a letter of _ (complain).10. He was hardworking and _ (energy) energetic.11.There has been no _ (respond) to his remarks fromthe government.12.The island offers such a wide _ (vary) of scenery andwildlife.13.In your _ (young), adolescence may fill you withunrealized

41、desires and send you into deeper puzzlement.14. The editor at once sent the journalist a telegram informing him to find out the exact number of steps and the _ (high) of the wall.精品文档精品文档答案：第 1讲常见前缀1. inconvenient 。这可能听起来不方便，但是英国人习惯于这样做。2. impatient 。 get 后面跟形容词。 impatient 没有耐心的。3. impatience 。 to 后

42、面跟名词。 impatience 没耐心，名词。4. independent 。独立的，自力更生的。5.unexpectedly。出乎意料地，修饰动词cut off ，用副词。6. unbelievable 。令人难以置信的事情发生在那个飞机上。7.unnecessary。没有必要的。credit card信用卡。8. unable 。不能够。9. uninterested 。学生或者其他任何人可能回到工作上，疲惫不堪，毫无兴趣。10. unfamiliar 。不熟悉的。11. irresponsible 。不负责任的。 cruel 残暴的。第 2 讲 常见名词后缀1. amazement 。

43、 to my amazement 使我惊奇的是。2. argument 。争吵，争论。去 -e 力加 -ment 。链接： arguing , truly , valuable 。3. arrangement 。 similar 后面跟名词。4.achievement 。 a sense of achievement成就感。此处achievement是不可数名词。5. development 。影响着筷子的发展。6. judgement /judgment 。本词两种写法都正确。7. conclusion 。 in conclusion 总之。8. decision 。决定，是 decide

44、的名词。9. attractions 。景点，是可数名词。10. attraction 。虽然 pandas 用的复数，但是熊猫也只是一个方面。11. construction 。 under construction 在建设中。12.contributions。 contribution是可数名词。make a contribution to或者 make contributions to13. devotion 。忠诚。奉献。14. expectations 。 expectation 作“期望”讲时常用复数。15. invitations 。邀请信，请帖。16. presentation

45、 。呈现，介绍，演示。17.preparations。 make preparations for做准备，此时preparation要用复数。18. possessions 物品，所有物，同 belongings 相近。19. expressions 。短语，习语。20. expression 。表情。21. intention 。目的，意图。22. description 。描述，描写。23. competition 。竞赛，比赛。24. explanation 。 explain 变为名词时 ai 要变为 a。25. determination 。决心，决定。26. permission

46、。允许。不要写成 permition 。27. satisfaction 。满意， satisfy 的名词。 to one ' sisfatction 使某人满意的是。28. Honesty 。作主语要用其名词形式。29. safety 。是 safe 的名词形式。30. popularity 。后面谓语是 are, 主语是 reasons 所以不能把 popularity 写成复数。31. curiosity 。好奇心。精品文档精品文档32. reality 。现实。33. marriage 。结婚，婚姻。34. happiness 。幸福。35. friendship/ frien

47、dliness 。 friendship 友谊， friendliness 友好。36. loneliness 。孤独，寂寞。37. employees 。 employee 雇员， employer 雇主。38. length 。 a length of 一段长度。39. warmth 。温暖。40. truth 。事实，真相。41. strength 。力量。42. depth 。深度。43. arrival 。 on/upon arrival 刚一到。44. boredom 。烦闷，无聊。45. freedom 。自由。46.pressure 。 blood pressure血压。第 3 讲 常见形容词后缀1. impressive 。令人印象深刻的。雄伟的，壮观的。2. effective 。有效的。3. effective 。有效的。 vaccine 疫苗。 currently 目前。4. creative 。创造性的。5. competitive 。好竞争的6. poisonous 。有毒的。7. various 。各种各样的。8. anxious 。焦虑的。9. humorous 。幽默的。10. financial 。金融的，经济的，财政的。11. cultural 。文化的。12. natural 。自然的。 natural