湖北省武汉为明实验学校中考英语考前指导人教新目标版

1、学习必备欢迎下载考前指导一、选择填空单项选择内容涉及语法、词法、惯用法、句型、口语交际等诸多方面，题目比较灵活，覆盖面广。单项选择题解题技巧。（ 1） 题目要看准看全；（ 2）全面分析题干，冷静思考选项；（ 3）找准题目的考点，反复比较。可用直接法、排除法、推理法、常识法、反证法解题。但多数题目都源于课本 , 一改过去只考查语法知识的传统。分析起来主要有以下一些特点：1题目重视语境的创设， 解答必须首先吃透语境， 把握题干的全部信息，进行合埋的推断，作深层的理解，并从词法、语法和惯用法、搭配等角度全方位考虑。如：例 1：-Would you like some tea? -Yes, I pre

2、fer tea _ sugar. A to B with C than D from2强调在情景对话场合中考查语言知识，许多题目是由对话构成题材，使语言知识的考查更灵活、更生活化。如：例 2：-When shall we meet again?-Make it _ day you likeA oneB another C. someD； it s all the same to me. any解析 选 D。这里 make it是用来约定时间，从下文智it s all the same to me (对我来说都一样来看，只能选择D any( 任何；任意 ) 。这3题目命题时注重干扰和迷惑，通过各

3、种手段考查综合运用语言的能力。如：例 3 The schools in China are different from _.A America schoolsB that of AmericaC. AmericaD those in America解析选 D。考查比较级要在同类事物之间进行比较”和“替代”those 来代替 ) 。做题时容易受汉语的习惯思维定势的影响误选(the schools用C，题目的迷惑性很大。4题目的综合性增强，同时考查两个或两个以上的知识点；有些题目设计了两个或两个以上的空格；有些题目虽然只有一个空格，但涉及多个考点。如：例 4：I don t know if it

4、 _ tomorrow. If it _, I wonA will rain；rainsB will rain；will rainC rams； rainsD rains ； will raint go.解析 选 A。这里考查了 if引导宾语从句和条件状语从句两种不同的用法。前面一句中的 if 引导的是宾语从句，由于主句的时态是现在时态，因此宾语从句根据需要用一般将来时 , 而后一句 if 引导的条件是状语从句， 因主句是一般将来时， 从句只能用一般现在时。所以做题时要看清题干，注意常用的语法现象，语言环境和习惯用语，常采用择优法，排除法、比较法、运用逻辑推理法、固定结构判断法。在做题的过程中

5、，务必看清句子的干扰项。1冠词： 字母（单词） 里以元音开头的，如表示一个 （件、只） 则用“an” an “f(l,m,n,s,x,a,e,i,o,r,h)”an houran orangean honest boyan eight-year-old boyan eleven-metre-wide river an unusual day学习必备欢迎下载字母（单词）中以辅音开头的，如表示一个（件）则用a “u”a second time ( a useful book再/ 又一次 a university)a third chance a one-eyed cat（又一次机会）2名词 :th

6、e Green family=the Greensclassthe elderly/young/old/rich/poor/police/audience（注意谓语动词）e.g. His family are having supper in the dining room now.The Green family has moved to Paris.two months/years20 dollars（表示、数学运算、重量、金钱、距离、时间、数目等复数名10 meters词或短语做主语看作一整体，注意谓语动词用单数）e.g. Two Months has passed since he c

7、ame here.the number ofa number of（使用谓语动词的区别）几分之几的百分之几的most of（谓语动词取决于它们后面所跟的主体名词或代词）e.g.1)Three fifths of the money is mine.2)89% of the students are from cities.3)About two thirds of the earth is covered with water.4)A lot of work has been done by her since yesterday.5)Many a boy enjoys playing foo

8、tball in our playground.6)More than one person has been to Beijing.主语为单数，且后面跟有with, together with, along with, besides, except, like等，谓语动词用单数e.g. The manager, along with his secretary, is going to the meeting room.The worker and writerand所连接的指的是同一个人或事物谓语动词用单数The worker and the writer and连接的两个单数名词谓语动

9、词用复数名词所有格： Jims two months (two -month) holidaysomeoneelse s whoelse sTom and Jack s roomeach othersothersToms and Jack s roomsIt s 15 minutes walk.Spend a two-week holidayIts a 15-minute walk.Spend two weeks holidayIt s 15 minutes on foot.i n a few years (days months weeks) time3代词： 注意人称代词的主、宾格、形、名

10、词性物主代词以及不定代词。a)onethe other(two three)someothersanotherb) somelittlefewa bit学习必备欢迎下载anya littlea fewa little bita bit of +n.something, nothing anything (可用于肯定句，作“任何东西somebody, nobody, anybodye.g. 1) There s nothing serious with you.2) I have nothing else new to tell you.bothneithereitherallnoneeach/

11、 人”讲)( 注：形容词修饰不定代词位置后置，else修饰疑问代、副词，不定代词位置后置)c) on both sides of the street/river on either side ofon each side ofon every side /all sides of the lake/playground/island/classroom on the other side ofnot onlybut alsod) neithernoreither or（谓语动词用就近的原则）there beboth and（连接主语时谓语动词用复数）4数词：a) 数词的读法 1, 000,

12、000, 000billion million thousand一万ten thousand一亿one hundred million 10b)数词的表达法概数 hundreds ofthousands of millions ofmany thousands of确数 three millionseveral hundred(s) oftwo thousand of the workers亿1 billionc)分数的表达法：分子用基数，分母用序数，分子大于1，分母的序数词加s，分数后跟名词，谓语动词依据名词形式而定。d)two and a half days=two days and a

13、halfone or two hoursexpect tp dp sth.5 动词expect sb to do sth.a)同义词辨析takelook forhearhopebringfindlistenwish（肯、否）mustseesearch sb.rise vi.talkhave tolooksearch for sb.raise vt.sayarrive in/atsteal sth. from search+place+for sb./sth.speak reachrob sb. of sth.search the Internettellget tograb sth.searc

14、hthe informationused to dobe made of /fromreturnsometimesbe used to doingbe made inlendon the Internetsometimes学习必备欢迎下载be used to dobe made byborrowsometimebe used for doingbe made up ofkeepsome timebe used bybe used in()1. What did the teacher _you to_ at the meeting ?A. tell, sayB. ask, speakC. te

15、ll, speakD. ask, talk()2. Do you know who theyre _ about the accident at the school gate?A. talkingB. sayingC. tellingD. speaking3. What do you call this bird in English?b) 动词短语put on动副结构：put upturn on/offtry onkeep offput awaythrow aboutturn up/downkeep away fromput offlitter aboutgive uplook up (i

16、n the dictionary)put downring upgive outlook down on/uponput out the firego overpick upgive awaylook overthink over wake uptake inwork outtake offtake awaytake out of动介结构 ： get on (off), look for, work on, fall complain about, talk about,think aboutoff,c) 感官、使役动词seehearwacthsb do (doing sth)havemake

17、letsb do sth改为被动语态要加“to ”noticehelp注意被动语态madeseensb. be letto dosb. beheardto dohadwatchedhelpednoticedseensb. behearddoingwatchednoticede.g. The workersmake machines to helpfarmers.d) 情态动词： 注意 may, must, should, ought to, must的否定答语，注意语境，表猜测用情态动词may, must,may be, must be cant be学习必备欢迎下载need 作行为动词用ne

18、ed to do (否定句、疑问句中要用助动词)need doing=need to be doneMust I/we ?否定回答No, you needn t/don y hsve to.Sb. needn t do 区别 canbe able toe) 非延续性动词延续性动词borrow-keepbuy-haveopen-be opendie-bedeadcome(go)-be inleave-be away(from)begin-be onjoin-be in (a member)begin(start) to do-doget up-be upmake friends-be frien

19、dscome back-be backfall asleep-be asleepcatch a cold-have a coldget to know-knowget(receive) a letter from-have a letter frombecome interested in-be interested inwake-be awakeget married to-be married to6介词a) 注意 in on at with的用法 （注意时间、地点）b) 比较betweeninover(under)amongafterabove(below)through(desert,

20、 forest, door, tunnel,window) withoutpastacross(bridge, street, road, river)withbeyondwalk past/byThe plane flew across the rainforest.c) 含有一些介词的短语connect to /withjoin tocontact ona visit toa key toan entrance tothe way toa trip toa witness tocome up withcatch up withplay against(with)by bike=on a b

21、ikein redin the treein the endat the end ofby the end oftowardstothe reason forthe cause ofon the tree7反意问句a) 注意陈述句中有 hardly, never, few, little,seldom, nothing, none, neither, nobody,no 等词 , 反意问句用肯定 的形式。b) 注意主语后面的 s（ is, has ）c)I/We believe， I/We think， I/We suppose后面跟宾语从句，如是否定句，否定前移。反意问句，看宾语从句。d)u

22、nusual,unhappy,impossible,dislike,unfair等前缀的反义词，反意问句仍用否定形式。注：前否后肯反意问句的回答Let s , shall we?其余用will you?学习必备欢迎下载- Didnt he come to school yesterday?-_, though he didnt feel well.- It s nothing serious, _, doctor?- _, you d better stay in hospital and you need an operation at once.8同义词辨析solonelybefore l

23、ongwhenpleasedeithersuch alonelong beforewhilepleasanttoopleasure alsoas well注意区别closehighwidehardcloselyhighlywidelyhardly9. 特殊疑问词a) 对人口、电话号码，到哪一年，用特殊疑问词what(what placevisit)对人的职业用What be sb.(What is he?)对人的相貌用what look like(What does he look like?)对人的品质用what look like(What does he look like?)或 wha

24、t be like(What is he like?)b)how soon(often, far away, long)10情景对话看清上下文，注意说话的环境、对象。11非谓语动词a) 动名词feel like doingfinish doing enjoy doingmind doingpractice doing miss doingsuggesting doingimagine sb doing sthdevote to doing sth look forward to doingpay attention to doingbe used to doingcan t stop/stop

25、 doingbe well worth doingbe busy doingstop sb from doingkeep sb from doingprevent sb from doing(sb sth带有被动的意味；用 stop /prevent sb being done)keep on doingcarry on doinggo on doingbe used for doingthank sb for doinghave funhave no time to do sthproblemsdoing没时间做某事difficulty学习必备欢迎下载troublea good timene

26、ed doing=need to be donerequire doinggive up doing=drop doingspend(in) doingsucceed in doingprefer doing to doingsth注意区别： stop, forget, go on, remember, see(hear, watch),doing sth分词作定语，伴随状语和to dob) 动词的不定式decide to do, fail to do,would like to do, want to dotry to do,afford to do,offer to do,used to

27、do,begin(start)to do, need to do sth, plan to do,prefer to do,cant wait to do, make up ones mind to do,allow sb to do,encourage sb to do,expect sb to do sth,remind sb to do sth (remind sb of sth)ask(tell) sb to do,a pen to write with,the ice to skate on,the space to stand in,a place to go to,which c

28、ities to travel to if Im able to/ if Im toldtoI m glad to.I d love to(to不能省 )注意下列句子：1. We should do what we can to protect the environment.2. He spent as much time as he can practising speaking English.3. Which activity do you enjoy to spend your holiday?4. What do you want me to pay attention to to

29、 learn English well?5. Which activity has he devoted most of his time to to enjoy himself?6. What way do you think of to prevent pollution?c) 过去分词a book written by Luxuna little time lefta borrowed booksee many dinosaursdiscoveredby youthebook borrowed from the libraryfind road covered with snowa fi

30、lm directed by sb have sth done12形容词、副词a)as asnot so(as)as=less thanb) 形容词、副词比较级可以用even, much, a little, far等来修饰 .c) 两者之间比较用比较级，三者三者以上用最高级。d) 比较级的叠用 fatter and fatter more and more beautiful13掌握以下句型(1)find(think, feel, make)+it +形容词 +to do sth(2)It s time for sthIts time to do sthIts time for sb to

31、do sth(3)It is +形 + to do sth学习必备欢迎下载It is +形 for sb +to do sthIt is +形 +of sb to do sth(4)It takes sb some time to do sth(5)Its one s turn to do sth(6)Its (has been) +一段时间（表示一个人品格属性的用介词of ）+since的从句 =一段时间 +has passed +since的从句(7) There is (are)+名词 +介短There was (were)+名词 +介短There is (are) going to b

32、e +名词 +介短There have(has) been +名词 +介短There seem(s) to beThere must/may beThere used to be(8) 计量的表达结构：主语 +be+数 +量 +形容词(9) 祈使句 +and(then)+ 简单句（着重鼓励）祈使句 +or+ 简单句（着重警告）(10)untilnotuntilunless(11)so (such)that (enoughto/too to)(12) why not dowhat (how) about doingShall I (we) do sth(13)the+比较级 , the+比较级(

33、14)so +倒装neither/nor+倒装so+主语 +谓语(15) Will you please do (notdo) ?Would you please do (not do)?(16)How do you like(last night)?=What do you think of?What do you like about?(17)Would like to do sth(18) He is the first person to walk in space.(19) 疑问词 +不定式 What to do with=how to deal with(20) sth cost

34、sbsb pay for sthsb buy sth for money/at the price ofsb spends on sth(21)find/make/keep+宾语 +宾语补足语（形容词/ 分词 / 动词不定式）(22)prefer sth to sthPrefer doing to doingprefer to do sth rather than dowould rather do sth than do sth(23)have sth. done =get sth. done学习必备欢迎下载have sb. do sth.get sb. to do sth.have sth

35、. to do (有事要做 )(24)sound(taste, smell, feel, look)等感观动词 ,get/become/turn后面跟形容词做表语stay happy/healthy/alive, keep fit, go wrong/missing/bad(25) 数词 +more+复数名词 =another+ 数词 +复数名词(26)Its said/ known/ reported +that+从句It seems +that+从句(27)Taking more (enough )exercise is important.(28) 倒装句 so, neither放句首。

36、If your son doesn t go, neither/nor will hers.They like beef, so they do and so do we.Here comes the bus!Here it is!Among the hills is a big garden.(29)be likely to doIt s highly possible(30)one of the +adj.最高级 +n.(pl.)(31)This is the +adj.最高级 +n.+ 定语从句I have ever read/seen/heard(32)the first longes

37、t river,the second most useful invention十四直接引语和间接引语（见书本）He told me that he had met Lily two days before.I asked Kate if she would go there the next week.二、词型变化看清题目，根据所给单词确定它可能出现的几种词性和词形，从语法的角度，句子的结构来考虑一词的正确用法 , 判断该词在句子中作何种成分，需要何种词性。1注意名词单、复数形式和所有格形式。mouse-micetrue-truthconfident-confidenceenter-entr

38、ancetomato espotatoeshero esmangoesimportant importancedifferent-differencedisabledabilityendangereddecide-decisiondiscuss-discussiondescribe-descriptionChineseJapanesesheepdeerEnglishmen Frenchmen firemen Germans humans walkmansfoot-feettooth-teethboot-bootsloaf-loaves leaf-leavesknife-knives half-

39、halveswise-wisdom free-freedomgreat greatness fit fitnesskindnessgrow-growthwarm-warmthstrong-strengthlong-lengthweigh-weightinvite-invitationpresent-presentationperform performance-performer学习必备欢迎下载introduce-introduction instruction stomachs arrive-arrivalinventoroperator visitorconductorsurvive-su

40、rvivorfeeling(s) building(s) greeting(s) meaning(s) warning(s)twin sistersapple treessister citiesable-ability（能力） move movable movementtreat treatmentachieve achievementagree-agreement active activitydie dying death deadmedicine-medicalnatural disasternature reservesun-sunny fog foggy rain rainy st

41、orm stormy sport sportypride-proud mix-mixture-mixed注：表示人的名词来修饰名词用其复数的所有格的形式。mens shoesbabies clotheswomen s skirtsGermans the girls 400 metres=the girls 400-meter raceask twodays sick leaveJim s two-month holiday=Jims two months holidayhave a sports meetingshoese.g. His drawing is better than any o

42、f hisclassmates .2. 形容词、副词要注意它们的区别以及原级比较级和最高级的使用。a) asasnot so(as)asless than （用原级）b) 形容词、副词的转换politelywidelysafelytrue-truly（去 e 加 ly ）simplepossibleterrible comfortable gentlec) 短语less developedcountriesfeel(less)d) 例句lonelythe（去 e 加 y）most/leastexpensiveKate is a careful girl. She does her lesson

43、 carefully every day.John is the cleverer of the two boys.The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Shanghai.In which country is the weather most like Chinas?Shanghai is larger than any other city in China.any city in JiangsuKate is taller than any other boy in her class.e) 特殊形容词、副词的比较级和最高级illma

44、nybadworse worstmuch more mostbadlylittle-less-leastfarfatherfarthestfurtherfurthest学习必备欢迎下载a most beautiful city3 数词则应考虑基数词、序数词，倍数和分数各种形式。one-firsttwo-second three-thirdfour-fourthfourteenthforty-fortiethnine-ninthnineteenthninety-ninetiethtwelve-twenty-twentiethhundreds of , many thousands of, sev

45、eral thousand years,two thirds of, most of,on the second half , in the thirtieth minute,in the twenty-first century, in the 2020s（二十一世纪二十年代）,on the fifteenth floor.-twelftha) 序数词（第几课、几页、在哪一世纪，在第几层，第几个生日）b) 倍数 twice, three times, oncetwice as big asc) 分数 分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于 1，分母序数词加 s。4 代词要注意主格、宾格、名、形物主代词，反身代词a)teach sb a subjecttell sb a story(代词一定用宾格tell the truth tell sb. a joketell sb. a funny storyb)say to oneselflearnby oneselfteachoneselfhelponeselfto devoteoneselftoloseone