高中英语Unit1AlandofdiversitySectionⅠWarmingUpReadingPrereading教学案

1、。内部文件，版权追溯内部文件，版权追溯内部文件，版权追溯Unit 1 A land of diversity Section Warming Up &amp；Reading -Pre-readingAmerican Indians are the native people in the United States. They belong to more than five hundred Indian tribes (部落). Many tribe members live on reservations. These are areas that the United State

2、s government set up for native tribes that had lost their lands to European settlers. Some reservations are larger than American states. The Bureau of Indian Affairs supervises these territories. Tribes on reservations have limited self­rule. Generally， American Indians do not enjoy the same ec

3、onomic and educational success as other Americans. They earn less money and have more unemployment than other Americans. They also have higher rates of disease and die younger than other American groups. However， the American Indian economy has grown at three times the national rate since the 1980s.

4、 Some of the improvement has come from expansion of the American Indian gambling industry. Many Indian tribes have legalized gambling on their reservations.Section_Warming Up & Reading Pre­reading原文呈现读文清障CALIFORNIACalifornia is the third largest state in the USA but has the largest populati

5、on. It also has the distinction of being the most multicultural state in the USA, having attracted people from all over the world. The customs and languages of the immigrantslive on in their new home. This diversity of culture is not surprising when you know the history of California.population n人口(

6、数)distinction/dI'stIkn/n.差别；区分；卓著multicultural adj.多元文化的现在分词短语having attracted people .作结果状语。immigrant/'ImIrnt/n.(从外国移入的)移民live on继续存在；继续生存when引导的时间状语从句。加利福尼亚第1段译文加利福尼亚是美国的第三大州，但它是人口最多的州。加州与众不同之处在于它也是美国最具多元文化的一个州，它吸引了来自世界各地的人们。这些移民的风俗习惯以及语言在他们的新家都得以延续。当你了解了加利福尼亚的历史时，你就不会对其文化的多样性感到惊奇了。NATIVE

7、AMERICANSExactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California, no one really knows. However, it is likely thatNative Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago. Scientists believe that these settlers crossed the Bering Straitin the Arctic to America by

8、 means of a land bridge which existed in prehistoric times.In the 16th century, after the arrival of the Europeans, the native people suffered greatly. Thousands were killed or forced into slavery. In addition， many died from the diseases brought by the Europeans. However, some survived these terrib

9、le times, and today there are more Native Americans living in California than in any other state.it is likely that . “很可能”，该句型中it是形式主语，that从句是真正的主语。Bering/'berI/Strait/streIt/白令海峡Arctic/'ktIk/adj.北极的；北极区的the Arctic北极by means of . 用办法；借助means/minz/n.手段；方法means单复数同形。prehistoric/prihI'strIk

10、/adj.史前的which引导的定语从句，修饰“a land bridge”。suffer vi.受苦；受难 vt.遭受；蒙受in addition (to) 除之外，加之die from 死于过去分词短语brought by the Europeans作后置定语，修饰the diseases。survive vt.&vi.活下来，幸免现在分词短语 living in California作后置定语，修饰Native Americans。第2段译文洲土著人最早一批人具体是在什么时候来到我们现在了解的加利福尼亚地区的，谁也说不清楚。然而，可能至少在15 000年以前美洲土著人就住在加利福

11、尼亚了。科学家们认为这些迁居者是通过一条史前时代曾经存在的大陆桥穿越北极地区的白令海峡到达美洲。欧洲人在16世纪来到这里后，土著人遭受了极大的苦难，成千上万的人被杀害或被迫成为奴隶。此外，欧洲人带来了疾病，使许多人染病而死。不过，还是有一些人经历了这些恐怖时期而活下来了。今天住在加利福尼亚的美洲土著人比任何其他州的都要多。THE SPANISHIn the 18th century California was ruled by Spain. Spanish soldiers first arrived in South America in the early 16th century, w

12、hen they fought against the native people and took their land. Two centuries later, the Spanish had settled in most parts of South America and along the northwest coast of what we now call the United States. Of the first Spanish to go to California， the majority were religious men, whose ministry wa

13、s to teach the Catholic religion to the natives. In 1821, the people of Mexico gained their independence from Spain. California then became part of Mexico. In 1846 the United States declared war on Mexico, and after the war won by the USA， Mexico had to give California to the USA. However, there is

14、still a strong Spanish influence in the state. That is why today over 40% of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language.when引导的定语从句，修饰 the early 16th century。what .是介词of的宾语从句，what在宾语从句中作call的宾语，the United States作宾补。动词不定式短语to go to California 作后置定语，修饰the first Spanish。当名词前有序数词、形容词最高级或on

15、ly修饰时，其后用to do作定语，不用doing。majority/m'drtI/n.大多数；大半(常与the连用，构成the majority of .)ministry/'mInIstrI/n. (政府的)部；(全体)牧师；牧师的职责Catholic/'kælIk/adj.天主教的 n天主教徒whose ministry . 是whose引导的定语从句，修饰religious men, whose在从句中作定语，修饰ministry。gain independence from 从获得独立declare war on 对宣战过去分词短语 won by t

16、he USA作后置定语，修饰the war。That is why . “那就是的原因”， why后跟结果。 That is because .“那是因为”，because后跟原因。第3段译文西班牙人在18世纪的时候，加利福尼亚是由西班牙统治的。西班牙士兵最早是在16世纪初期来到南美洲的，他们同土著人打仗，夺去了他们的土地。两个世纪以后，西班牙人在南美洲的大部分地区定居下来，而且还在我们现在称之为美国的西北沿海地区住下来。在首批移居加州的西班牙人中，大部分是宗教人士，他们的职责是向原住居民传授天主教。1821年，墨西哥人从西班牙获得了独立。加利福尼亚于是成了墨西哥的一部分。1846年美国向墨西

17、哥宣战，美国赢得了战争的胜利之后，墨西哥被迫把加利福尼亚割让给美国。但是，这个州仍然保留着很强的西班牙文化的影响。那就是今天超过40%的加利福尼亚人仍然把西班牙语作为第一或第二语言的原因。RUSSIANSIn the early 1800s， Russian hunters, who had originally gone to Alaska， began settling in California. Today there are about 25,000 Russian­Americans living in and around San Francisco.GOLD MINE

18、RSIn 1848, not long after the American­Mexican war， gold was discovered in California. The dream of becoming rich quickly attracted people from all over the world. The nearest, and therefore the first to arrive, were South Americans and people from the United States. Then adventurers from Europ

19、e and Asia soon followed. In fact, few achieved their dream of becoming rich. Some died or returned home, but most remained in California to make a life for themselves despite great hardship. They settled in the new towns or on farms. By the time California elected to become the thirty­first fe

20、deral state of the USA in 1850, it was already a multicultural society.in the early 1800s 在19世纪初Alaska/'læsk/n.阿拉斯加(州)settle in 定居；安顿；适应Russian­American n美籍俄罗斯人in and around 内外，以内及周边San Francisco/sæn frn'sIsk/n.圣弗朗西斯科(也称旧金山)after, before引导的时间状语(从句)前面可以加上表示时间概念的名词或副词短语，如three d

21、ays, not long, shortly等，表示“在之后/之前的某个时间段”。adventurer/d'ventr/n.冒险家make a life 习惯于新的生活方式、工作等despite/dI'spaIt/prep.尽管；不管hardship/'hdIp/n.苦难；困苦elect/I'lekt/vt.选择；决定做某事；选举某人federal/'fedrl/adj.联邦制的；联邦政府的第45段译文俄罗斯人在19世纪初期，一批最初到阿拉斯加的俄罗斯猎人开始在加利福尼亚定居下来。今天，住在圣弗朗西斯科(旧金山)及其周边地区的美籍俄罗斯人约有25 000

22、人。金矿工1848年，在美国同墨西哥战争之后不久，在加利福尼亚发现了金矿。发财梦很快就吸引了世界各地的人。距离最近因而来得最早的是南美洲人和美国人，随后跟着来的有欧洲和亚洲的探险家。事实上很少有人圆了发财梦。许多人死了或回家了，但是尽管条件十分艰苦，多数人仍然留在了加利福尼亚劳作谋生，在新的城镇或农场里定居下来。到1850年加利福尼亚成为美国第31个联邦州的时候，它已经是一个有着多元文化的社会了。LATER ARRIVALSAlthough Chinese immigrants began to arrive during the Gold Rush Period, it was the bu

23、ilding of the rail network from the west to the east coast that brought even larger numbers to California in the 1860s. Today, Chinese­Americans live in all parts of California, although a large percentage have chosen to stay in the “Chinatowns” of Los Angeles and San Francisco.Other immigrants

24、 such as Italians， mainly fishermen but also wine makers, arrived in California in the late 19th century. In 1911 immigrants from Denmark established a town of their own, which today still keeps up their Danish culture. By the 1920s the film industry was well established in Hollywood， California. Th

25、e industry boom attracted Europeans including many Jewish people. Today California has the second largest Jewish population in the United States.Japanese farmers began arriving in California at the beginning of the 20th century, and since the 1980s a lot more have settled there. People from Africa h

26、ave been living in California since the 1800s, when they moved north from Mexico. However, even more arrived between 1942 and 1945 to work in the ship and aircraft industries.rail/reIl/n.铁路；扶手；(护栏的)横条even 是程度副词，修饰形容词比较级larger。percentage/p'sentId/n.百分比；百分率Los Angeles/ls'ændlis/n.洛杉矶altho

27、ugh a large percentage . 是although引导的让步状语从句。Italian/I'tælIn/n.意大利人；意大利语 adj.意大利人的；意大利语的Italy/'ItlI/n意大利Denmark/'denmk/n.丹麦(北欧国家)keep up 坚持；维持；沿袭(风俗、传统等)which today still . 是which引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰a town of their own。Hollywood/'hlIwd/n好莱坞；美国电影业boom/bum/n.(人口、贸易的)繁荣vi.处于经济迅速发展时期includ

28、ing prep.包括People from Africa have been living . when . from Mexico.是主从复合句，主句用了现在完成进行时have been living，从句是when引导的定语从句，修饰the 1800s。aircraft/'ekrft/n.飞行器；航空器；飞机 第68段译文后来的移民虽然中国移民在淘金热时期就开始来到了，但是更大批量的移民却是在19世纪60年代为了修建贯穿美国东西海岸的铁路而来的。今天，加利福尼亚州各地都有美籍华人居住，尽管有很大比例的华人还是选择住在洛杉矶和圣弗朗西斯科(旧金山)的“唐人街”里。19世纪后期，其他

29、国家的移民，比如意大利人来到加利福尼亚，他们主要是渔民，但也有些是制酒工人。1911年，丹麦移民建立了自己的城镇，至今仍然保留着丹麦文化。20世纪20年代，电影业在加州的好莱坞建立了起来。这个新兴的行业吸引了欧洲人，包括许多犹太人。今天，加利福尼亚的犹太人口在美国占第二位。日本农民是在20世纪初期开始到加利福尼亚来的，而从20世纪80年代以来有更多的日本人在加利福尼亚定居了。非洲人从19世纪就在加利福尼亚住下来，他们是从墨西哥向北迁来的。然而，更多的非洲人是在1942年至1945年期间来到加利福尼亚的，当时他们是到船厂和飞机厂工作的。MOST RECENT ARRIVALSIn more re

30、cent decades, California has become home to more people from Asia, including Koreans， Cambodians， Vietnamese and Laotians. Since its beginning in the 1970s, the computer industry has attracted Indians and Pakistanis to California.THE FUTUREPeople from different parts of the world, attracted by the c

31、limate and the lifestyle， still immigrate to California. It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups, but simply a mixture of many races and cultures.home to 的发源地；的所在地Korean/k'rIn/n.韩国/朝鲜人；朝鲜/韩语adj.韩国(人/

32、语)的；朝鲜(人/语)的Korea/k'rI/n韩国；朝鲜Cambodian/kæm'bdIn/n.柬埔寨人；柬埔寨语Pakistani/pkI'stnI/adj.巴基斯坦(人)的 n巴基斯坦人过去分词短语 attracted by . 作原因状语。immigrate/'ImIreIt/vi.移入(外国定居)racial/'reIl/adj.人种的；种族的 第910段译文最近期的移民在最近的几十年里，加利福尼亚成了更多亚洲人的家，包括朝鲜人、柬埔寨人、越南人和老挝人。从20世纪70年代开始发展计算机工业以来，加利福尼亚又吸引了印度人和巴基斯坦人

33、的到来。未来展望世界各地的人，由于受气候条件和生活方式的吸引，仍然在继续迁入加利福尼亚。人们认为，要不了多久，多种国籍的混合将会非常之大，以至于不可能存在一种明显主要的种族或文化群体，而只是多种族、多文化的混合体。Pre­readingPlease match the words with their proper meanings.1distinctAthe largest part of a group of people or things2meansBto choose to do sth.3majority Ca period of wealth and success4h

34、ardship Drelating to the central government of a country such as US5elect Ea way of doing sth.6federal Frelating to the relationships between different races of people7boom Geasily or clearly heard, seen, ect.8racial Ha situation that is difficult答案：15GEAHB68DCFLead­inHow much do you know about

35、 California? Have a discussion in your group and then do the following general knowledge quiz about California.1California is the _ largest state in the USA.AthirdBsecondCfourth Dfifth2California, a state in the western USA, borders _.Athe Pacific Ocean Bthe Indian OceanCthe Atlantic Ocean Dthe Arct

36、ic Ocean3_ is California's largest and the nation's second largest city.ASacramento BLos AngelesCSan Diego DSan Francisco4California's official nickname is the _.ASunflower State BGolden StateCLand of Opportunity DEvergreen State5_ has the largest population in the USA.ACalifornia BAlask

37、aCWashington DTexas6California entered the Union in 1850, as the _ state.Athirtieth Bthirty­eighthCthirty­second Dthirty­first答案：16AABBADWhile­readingFast­reading1. Divide the passage into three parts and then match the main idea with each part.(1)Part 1 (Para.1)AThe history

38、 of settlement in California.(2)Part 2 (Paras.29)BThe future of California.(3)Part 3 (Para.10) CBrief introduction to California.答案：(1)(3)CAB2What's the topic of this text?AThe Culture of California.BThe History and Culture of California.CThe Weather of California.DThe History of the USA.答案：BCar

39、eful­readingRead the text and choose the best answers.1Many Californians speak Spanish because _.Athe state was once ruled by SpainBthese people came from SpainCthey think the Spanish language is beautifulDreligious men taught them the Spanish language2What's the main reason why Chinese imm

40、igrants came to California?AFor gold.BFor the building of the rail network.CTo open restaurants.DTo live in the “Chinatowns”3Which of the following is TRUE?AMost people did not become rich but settled in California.BMost people died in the gold rush.CThe first to arrive in California for gold were A

41、sians.DAll the people became rich in the gold rush.4Where do Chinese­Americans live?AThey live in all parts of California.BThey only live in the “Chinatowns” of Los Angeles.CThey only live in San Francisco.DThey live in California as well as in Los Angeles and San Francisco.5It can be inferred

42、that _.AEuropean and Jewish people came to make films in Hollywood, CaliforniaBpeople from Mexico came to work in the ship and aircraft industriesCIndians and Pakistanis are good at making computersDthere will be more racial or cultural groups because more people are arriving in California答案：15ABAAD

43、Study­readingAnalyze the following difficult sentences in the text.1Exactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California, no one really knows.句式分析本句采用了宾语从句提前的形式。正常的语序应该是：No one really knows exactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California. 其中what在句子中引导了

44、一个宾语从句，作介词in的宾语。尝试翻译最早一批人具体是在什么时候来到我们现在了解的加利福尼亚地区的，谁也说不清楚。2Of the first Spanish to go to California, the majority were religious men, whose ministry was to teach the Catholic religion to the natives.句式分析尝试翻译在首批移居加州的西班牙人中，大部分是宗教人士，他们的职责是向原住居民传授天主教。3Although Chinese immigrants began to arrive during t

45、he Gold Rush Period, it was the building of the rail network from the west to the east coast that brought even larger numbers to California in the 1860s.句式分析尝试翻译虽然中国移民在淘金热时期就开始来到了，但是更大批量的移民却是在19世纪60年代为了修建贯穿美国东西海岸的铁路而来的。4It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that t

46、here will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups, but simply a mixture of many races and cultures.句式分析It is believed that . 意为“据认为”，it为形式主语，that从句为真正的主语，在这个主语从句中so . that引导结果状语从句。尝试翻译人们认为，要不了多久，多种国籍的混合将会非常之大，以至于不可能存在一种明显主要的种族或文化群体，而只是多种族、多文化的混合体。.阅读理解AThe United States of America is the most

47、 culturally diverse country in the world in terms of culture, religion, ethnicity and sexual orientation. As a combination of various races and cultures, America is home to all. The culture here is so unique that citizens can be just as proud of their original cultural heritage as they are to be Ame

48、ricans.What is now the US was initially inhabited by native people until the land was settled by various European groups and African slaves. Since the 20th century, the country has become a heaven for people from all over the globe.The arrival of immigrants has shifted populations from rural areas i

49、nto cities because immigrants tend to settle in urban areas. At present, 81 percent of the inhabitants in the US live in cities.Cultural and ethnic diversity adds a unique flavor to cities that is expressed through distinct neighborhoods, restaurants, places of worship, museums, nightlife and multic

50、ultural learning environments.Unique musical forms, such as jazz, rock and roll, Chicano music, and the blues, grow in the US by mixing a variety of culturally distinct musical traditions to create a new form.At the executive (行政的) level, the country is headed by a mixed­race president; two pos

51、ts on the Supreme Court are held by members of the country's two largest minorities. There is also diversity in state and local governments.Without its rich mixture of races and cultures, America would not be the nation that it is today. Founded upon the basis of equality and freedom, America ac

52、ts as a stage where different cultures not only co­exist peacefully, but develop well.1What's the best title for this passage?AThe Effects of Culture and Diversity on AmericaBThe Influence of Globalization on AmericaCThe Political Development of AmericaDThe Bright Future of America解析：选A主旨大意

53、题。通读全文，主要介绍了多元化在各个方面对美国的影响。2According to the passage, America is a country _.Athat welcomes people from all over the worldBwhere citizens take more pride in their original cultureCthat is mostly settled by Europeans and AfricansDwhere 81% of the population are immigrants解析：选A细节理解题。根据第二段的“Since the 2

54、0th century, the country has become a heaven for people from all over the globe.”可知应选A。3Where did most people live before many immigrants came to America?AIn the urban areas.BIn the rural areas.CIn the southern part of America.DIn the northern part of America.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第三段的“The arrival of immigra

55、nts has shifted populations from rural areas into cities because immigrants tend to settle in urban areas.”可知，大量移民涌入美国之前，当地人大多居住在乡下。4We can learn from the sixth paragraph that _.Adiversity has existed in America in almost every aspectBmost posts in America state governments are help by mixed­ra

56、ce peopleCequality and freedom make America a fair countryDdiversity has greatly affected the American political field解析：选D推理判断题。根据第六段内容可知，多元化对美国的政治领域有很大影响。BThe Louvre, in Paris, France, has almost 275,000 works of art. It contains some of the most famous works of art in the history of the world, in

57、cluding the MonaLisa by Leonardo da Vinci.The Louvre was originally a fort (a strong building used by soldiers for defending a place) built by King Philip sometime around AD 1200. In the 1300s, it became a royal house for Charles ， who had it renovated (翻新). While he did have his own collection of art there, everything disappeared when he died.This impressive building remained empty until 1527, when Francois decided that he wanted it for his private palace. Francois was a collector of early Italian Renai