虚拟语气练习

1、虚拟语气语法讲解附带练习题虚拟语气表示用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件， 不一定是事实，或与事实相反。虚拟语气的重点是：虚拟语气的特殊形式，即用来表示要求、建议、命令、提议、意愿等的 主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟形式，含蓄条件句中的虚拟语气和表示愿望的虚拟形式等。(一) 虚拟语气的常见句型(1)由wish引起的表示愿望的虚拟语气：A 用wish表示对现在的愿望时，它所引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为：过去式(be动词用 were)。B 用wish表示对将来的愿望时，它所引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为： would,could,might+ 动词原形。C wis

2、h用于对过去的事实表示一种不可能实现的愿望时，宾语从句中的谓语动词形式为：had+动词过去分词或 could,would+have+动词过去分词。would+动词原形，表示一种过去未实现(2)had hoped引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为: 的愿望或令人失望的事。(3)would(had)rather,would as soon,would sooner禾口 would prefer所引起的从句中要求用过去式表示当时或将来的情况，用过去完成时表示过去的情 况，表示希望或婉转的责备。例如：I'd rather you posted the letter right away.我倒希望你

3、把这圭寸信立刻寄出去。I would prefer he did nt stay there too Ion g.我倒希望他不要在那儿呆得太久。I would just as soon you had returned the book yesterday.我真希望你昨天把这本书还了。It's (high,about) time that句型中that从句中要求用虚拟语气形式，即动词要用过去式。例如：It's very late.It's time we had to go.天太晚了，我们得走了。(二) 特殊形式的虚拟语气(1)should(可省略)+动词原形用于如下结

4、构中的that从句中。that宾语从句中，例如:A 用于表示意愿、建议、命令、提议、请求等动词后的He ordered that park ing be prohibited on Main street duri ng the rush hour.他下令在（交通）高峰期间禁止在大街上停车。Tom in sisted that his Leadership be recog ni zed by all the boys.汤姆坚持让所有男孩接受他的领导。这类动词还有：ask 要求 advise 建议 arrange 安排 beg 请求 comma nc命令 decide 决定 dema nd 要

5、求 desire 渴望 determine 决定 insist 坚持 intend 打算maintain 坚持，主张 move建议，动员 propose 提议 object 反对 order 命令 prefer 建议 require 需request 要求resolve 下决心recommend推荐 suggest 建议 stipulate 约定，规定 urge 强调，促进 vote 公认，提议 decree 颁布（法令）pray 请求B 用于It is+ 形容词或过去分词+主语从句中，例如：It is appropriate that some time be devoted to thor

6、ough study of the results of the Apollo missio n.拿出时间对阿波罗登月计划的结果做详细研究是恰当的。This is their resoluti on that extracurriculum activities be made part of theirschool life.这是他们的决议：要使得课外活动成为他们学校生活的一部分。这类形容词或分词有：advisable 合理的 decided 决定的 crucial 关键的 appropriate 恰当的 determined 决定的 commandec命令的arranged安排的essen

7、tial紧要的，基本的complied 遵照anxious焦急的imperative 迫切的important 重要的desirable 合意的better 较好的，更好insistent 坚持的desired 想要asked请求keen渴望的in credible难以置信的 adama nt坚定不移的natural 自然的 insisted坚持 necessary 必要的 suggested 建议 urgent 紧迫的 ordered 命令shocked震惊的vital极其重要的 possible 可能的strange 奇怪的preferable 好一点proposed 提议 request

8、ed 要求的 required 要求的 recommended 推荐 resolved 决定的 probable 可能的pity 可惜，憾事 shame遗憾C 表示建议、要求、命令、请求等含义的名词引导表语从句和同位语从句，例如：The moti on is that the remark of the last speaker be exp un ged from the record.该提议要求把最后一个发言的人的讲话从记录上除掉。这类名词常见的有：advice 忠告 decision 决定 demand 要求 desire 要求、愿望 insistence坚持 motion 提议nece

9、ssity 必 要 性 order 命 令 preference 偏 爱 ， 选 择 proposal提 议 pray 恳 求recommendation 推荐 request 要求 requirement 要求 resolution 决心 suggestion 劝告， 忠告(2) 虚拟语气用于 as if(though) 引起的方式状语从句和表语从句中，其动词形式与 wish 宾语从句的形式相同。例如： She often laughs spontaneously,and her good humor breaks out as brightly as if it were a part o

10、f the sunshine above. 她常常发出发自内心的微笑，而且她那美好的情绪像天上一道明亮的阳光一样，常常流露出来。They talked as if they had been friends for years. 他们交谈着，就好像他们是多年的 老朋友一样。She looks as if she would cry. 她看起来好像要哭了。(3) 由连接词 in case,so that,unless,lost,for fear that 引起的状语从句中，谓语动词 要用虚拟形式，即 should(might,would)+ 动词原形，例如：She put a blanket o

11、ver the baby for fear that he should catch cold. 她在那个婴儿 的身上盖上了毯子以免他着凉。(三) 含蓄虚拟条件句含蓄虚拟条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句，而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。常用来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有：(1) 介 词 或 介 词 短 语 ， 如 but for,but that,without,in case of,under,under more favourable condition 等。(2)连词，如：so that, uni ess,in case,suppos in g,lest,provided(倘若),fo

12、r fearthat(惟恐),insgroupsthat,on condition that,if only(要是就好了 )等。( 注： lest,for fear that 和 in case 引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+ 动词原形，但可以不用虚拟语气，而用动词的陈述语气形式。 ) 例如：这位外籍教师说得很The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 慢以免我们听不懂。Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.

13、在使用此法时要小心谨慎，以免会发生溢流现象。练习题，自测一下：1. It's time that youhome and I'd rather youagain tomorrow.A. would go ; would comeB. went ; cameC. go ; are comingD. are going ; will come2. He insisted that he no help.A. would needB. neededC. need D. needs3. I really wish such a noise soon.D. will stopA. had

14、 stopped B. would stop C. stopped4. I you a more valuable present for your birthday, but I was short of moneyat that time.A. much have boughtB. had boughtC. would have boughtD. would buy5. If she could sew, she herself a shirt.A. had madeB. will makeC. would have made D. made6. he come, the problem

15、would be settled.A. Would B. Should C. Shall D. If7. I to stay there for one more week, but I changed my mind.A. would have hopedB. was hopingC. had hopedD. hoped8. It's necessary that each child the rules.A. must obeyB. still obey C. obeys D. obey9. The officer gave the order that soldiers to g

16、o out at nightA. mustn't be allowedB. not be allowedC. be not allowedD. shouldn'tallow10. His silence at the meeting suggested that he to your plan.A. shouldn't agreeB. wouldn't agreeC. hadn't agreed D. didn'tagree11. You to the meeting yesterday . What was the reason for you

17、r absence?A. had come B. came C. would have come D. should have come12. He the job well, but he so careless.A. hadn't done ; had beenB. could have done ; wasC. could do ; was D. had done ; had been13. There was plenty of time, she have hurried.A. wouldn'tB. needn'tC. couldn'tD. mustn

18、't14. He didn't come yesterday, or you him.A. had seenB. might have seenC. were to seeD. would see15. Li Ning acted that way as though he a foreigner.A. wereB. had beenC. should beD. is16. "Have you visited the Science Museum?" "No, but I really wish I ."A. had B. did C.

19、haveD. will17. he would have succeeded in the examinations.A. If he has worked hardB. If he works hardC. If he worked hard D. Had he worked hard18. What would you do if the war .A. would break out B. were to break outC. will break outD. is brokenout19. Our former maths teacher died ofcancer last ter

20、m, otherwisehenow.A. would still be workingB. would still have workedD. will still workC. should still work20. If it so hard, we'd go to town.A. isn't going to rainB. doesn't C. weren't rainingD. isn't raining21. Without your help, I the exam last term.A. failed inB. would have f

21、ailedC. wouldn't passD. would fail22. But for the Party, he of hunger 30 years ago.A. diedB. would dieC. must have dieddiedD. would have23. The doctor did everything he could so that hesave the soldier's life.A. mightB. mustC. had toD. was able to参考答案1-5 B B B C C6-10 B A D B D11-15 D B B B

22、A16-20 A D B A C21-23 B D A 高中语法 - 虚拟语气专项练习1. If there were no subjunctive mood, English much easier.A. will beB. would have been C. could have been D. would be2. If she had worked harder, she .A. would succeed B. had succeeded C. should succeed D. would have succeeded3. If he , he that food. Luckil

23、y he was sent to the hospital immediately.A. was warned; would not takeB. had been warned; would not have takenC. would be warned; had not taken D. would have been warned; had not taken4. If he me his telephone number yesterday, I able to ring him up now.A. told; would be B. had told; would be C. ha

24、d told; would have been D. told; am5. If I you, I to Australia with Mr. Smith.A. had been; would go B. were; had gone C. were; would have gone D. am; will go6. Without electricity human life quite different today.A. is B. will beC. would have been D. would be7. Our monitor was absent. Otherwise I th

25、e chair.A. would not take B. didn't take C. hadn't taken D. wouldn't have taken8. The experiment has failed! I suggest that you again.A. try B. trying C. will try D. would try9. His silence at the meeting suggested that he to your plan.A. didn't agree B. hadn't agreed C. wouldn&#

26、39;t agree D. not agree10. The father insisted his daughter a rich man.A. would be engaged to B. be engaged to C. should engage to D. must be engaged to11. She insisted that she ill of him behind him, but he didn't believe.A. hadn't spoken B. shouldn't speak C. wouldn't speak D. not

27、speak12. I stayed at a hotel while in New York. Oh, did you? You with Barbara.A. could have stayed B. could stay C. would stay D. must have stayed13. I was really anxious about you. You home without a word.A. mustn't leave B. shouldn't have left C. couldn't have left D. needn't leave

28、14. There was plenty of time. She .A. mustn't have hurried B. needn't have hurried C. must not hurry D. couldn't have hurried15. I wish I you yesterday.A. seen B. did see C. had seen D. were to see16. If my lawyer here last Saturday, he me from going.A. had been; would have prevented B.

29、had been; would preventC. were; would preventD. were; would have prevented17. He you more help, even though he was very busy.A. might have given B. might give C. may have given D. may give18. If it for the snow, we the mountain yesterday.A. were not; could have climbedB. were not; could climbC. had

30、not been; could have climbed D. had not been; could climb19. I told Sally how to get there, but perhaps I for her.A. had to write it outB. must have written it outC. should have written it out D. ought to write it out20. I didn't see your sister at the meeting. If she , she would have met my bro

31、ther.A. has come B. did come C. came D. had come21. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it .A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken22. You didn't let me drive. If we in turn, you so tired.A. drove; didn't getB. drove; wouldn't getC. were driving;

32、 wouldn't getD. had driven; wouldn't have got23. She couldn't have answered the question if she a few books on world history.A. hadn't read B. hasn't read C. wouldn't read D. didn't read24. If it so hard, we'd go to town.A. isn't raining B. weren't raining C.

33、doesn't rain D. has rained25. Our former math teacher died of cancer last term, otherwise he .A. will still workB. should still workC. would still have workedD. would still be working26. The soldier died in the hospital. He if the doctor on him two hours earlier.A. might be saved; operatedB. cou

34、ld be saved; had operatedC. could have been saved; had operated D. had been saved; was operated27. It's time that you home and I'd rather you again tomorrow.A. are going; will come B. go; are coming C. went; came D. would go; would come28. I you a more valuable present for your birthday, but

35、 I was short of money at that time.A. would buy B. had bought C. would have bought D. must have bought29. I went to the meeting yesterday because I nothing about the discussion without attendingit.A. didn't know B. would know C. knew D. would have known30. It was required that each student enoug

36、h food for the public.A. bring B. brought C. would bring D. had brought31. He didn't come yesterday, or you him.A. would see B. were to see C. might have seen D. had seen32. It was suggested yesterday that a meeting to discuss the matter.A. will be held B. would be held C. should hold D. be held

37、33. It's strange that he without saying good-bye to us.A. should have gone out B. went C. should go outD. goes out34. Nothing could have saved him even if he without delay.A. would be tended B. was tended C. has been tended D. had ben tended35. The manager was angry and ordered that this work to

38、morrow.A. be finished B. finish C. was finished D. would finish36. He is talking so much about Britain as if he there.A. had been B. has been C. wasD. had gone37. The young man insisted that he nothing wrong and free.A. did; set B. had done; should be set C. do; be set D. had done; must be set38. My

39、 suggestion was that the meeting off till next week.A. to put B. be put C. should put D. would be put39. Had you listened to the doctor, you all right now.A. are B. were C. would be D. would have been40. It is requested that Li Ming at the class meeting on behalf of us.A. will speak B. speaks C. would speak D. speak41. I didn't catch the first train this morning. You the first train if you earlier.A. would catch; had got upB. c