【KS5U解析】上海市浦东新区复旦附中2019-2020学年高一下学期阶段测试英语试题 Word版含解析

1、浦东复旦附中分校2022届高一（下）拓展考.listening comprehension (20 points)section a short conversationsdirections: in section a, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. at the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. the conversations and the questions will be spoke

2、n only once. after you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. a. spend more time working on chemistry problems. b. talk to his advisor about dropping the course.c. work on

3、the assignment with a classmate.d. ask graduate assistants for help.2. a. go home to get the washing. b. send dirty clothes to the laundry.c. pick up the washing. d. remind the woman to hurry up.3. a. the woman could use his calculator. b. hell finish the adding up for the woman.c. the womans calcul

4、ator is better than his. d. hes faster at adding numbers up than the woman.4. a. the final will begin next week. b. the man should talk with his doctor again.c. she hopes the man will be able to play in the final.d. she wants the man to watch the soccer game with her.5. a. the advisor will approve o

5、f the mans class schedule. b. the advisor is not easy to make an appointment with.c. the man should work harder next semester.d. the man should work harder next semester.d. the man should go to see his advisor.6. a. an educational policy. b. an economic issue.c. a heated debate. d. a famous economis

6、t.7. a. the former is more valued than the latter.b. views on them vary from person to person.c. the former is less valued than the latter.d. neither of them should be valued so much.8. a. disappointed. b. puzzled c. astonished. d. relieved.9. a. why the woman took up this job. b. why there are ice-

7、cream tasting schools. c. how the man went into the ice-cream business. d. how it feels to work as an ice-cream taster.10. a. they can go to the theatre on foot. b. the theatre is on the other side of the town.c. this town is big enough to walk around. d. everything in the town is worth visiting.sec

8、tion bdirections: in section b, you will hear two short passages and you will be asked to questions on each of the passages. the passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. when you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would

9、be the best answer to the question you have heard.questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. a. a doctor. b. a model. c. a tv host. d. a magazine editor.12. a. kirsty is going to develop an eating disorder. b. teen programs talk a lot about appearance.c. being thin is a common tr

10、end. d. magazines are informative.13. a. how to develop a healthy diet. b. whether the media are a bad influence.c. how to follow famous peoples lifestyles. d. whether your appearance should matter or not.questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. a. peary wasnt an experienced ex

11、plorer. b he had reached the pole before peary did.c. peary had announced his success too late. d. pearys exploration wasnt thoroughly investigated.15. a. they interviewed peary himself. b. they examined the tools that peary used.c. they talked to one of pearys companions. d. they conducted a comput

12、er analysis of his photographs.16. a. exploration of space. b. doctor cooks exploration.c. exploration of the south pole. d. the navigation foundations conclusions.section cdirections: in section c, you will hear a longer conversation. the conversation will be read twice. after you hear the conversa

13、tion, you are required to answer the following questions.questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. a. a biologist. b. a psychologist. c. an artist. d. a reporter.18. a. talents play a role in childrens overall development.b. typical parental involvement is not as important

14、as thought.c. arts training will improve childrens performance in other subjects.d. children need to be assigned to different groups according to their ability.19. a. its subjects were young children.b. it showed what skill is essential to maths.c. it illustrated why abstract reasoning is important.

15、d. its results helped explain why parents turn to arts education.20. a. by helping activate childrens brains. b. by helping raise educators awareness.c. by helping children learn how to learn. d. by helping scientists find a rich environment. multiple choice. (20 points)1.rafael nadal is a tennis ch

16、ampion equipped with a big heart, to win and resolution to defeat all his opponents.a. persuasionb. determinationc. fascinationd. accumulation【答案】b【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：拉斐尔·纳达尔是网球冠军，他胸怀大志，决心要胜利，并有决心击败所有对手。a. persuasion说服；b. determination决心；c. fascination迷恋；d. accumulation积累。这三个词（说服、迷恋、积累）不合乎句意的需要

17、，网球冠军具备的是获胜的决心，选择determination合乎句意。故选b。2.the winners of chinas got talent are planning to a talent-show around the world next month.a. carry on voyageb. carry out tourc. complete tripd. fulfill journey【答案】b【解析】【详解】考查名词及动词（短语）辨析。句意：中国达人奖得主计划下个月在世界各地进行才艺展示之旅。a. carry on进行，voyage航行；b. carry out进行，tour游

18、览； c. complete完成，trip 旅行；d. fulfill实现， journey旅程。此题考查词语搭配的使用。tour 指最后返回出发地，旅途中有停留在游览点，距离可长可短，目的各异的周游或巡行。结合句意的需要，b项（carry out a tour：巡回演出）合乎语意。故选b。【点睛】journey：最普通用词，侧重指时间较长、距离较远的单程陆上旅行，也指水上或空中的旅行。tour：指最后返回出发地，旅途中有停留在游览点，距离可长可短，目的各异的周游或巡行。trip：普通用词，口语多用，常指为公务或游玩作的较短暂回的旅行。voyage：指在水上旅行，尤指海上旅行，也可指空中旅行。

19、结合句意的需要，中国达人奖得主计划下个月在世界各地进行才艺展示之旅，这符合tour的词义，因此b项（carry out a tour：巡回演出）合乎语意。故选b。3.the captain and were accused of abandoning passengers in south korea ferry disaster.a. membersb. crewc. partnersd. team【答案】b【解析】【分析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：机长和船员被指控在韩国轮渡灾难中遗弃乘客。a. members成员；b. crew船员；c. partners伙伴；d. team团队。船

20、只发生事故，因此受到指控抛弃乘客的是船长和船员。故选b。4.chichester covered anyone had previously sailed alone.a. more than twice the distanceb. more than twice longerc. over twice longer the distance asd. as over twice long as【答案】a【解析】【详解】考查倍数表达法。句意：chichester的航行距离是任何人以前独自航行的两倍多。a项的“倍数加计量名词”是倍数表达法的一种形式，distance后面是一个定语从句，修饰限制

21、先行词distance，其他结构均不正确。故选a。【点睛】英语倍数表达法的常见形式1.a + be + 倍数 + as + 计量形容词原级 + as + bthis tree is three times as tall as that one. 这棵树是那棵树的三倍高。his father is twice as old as he. 他父亲的年纪有他两倍大。2.a + be + 倍数 + 计量形容词比较级 + than + b the yangtze river is almost twice longer than the pearl river.长江差不多比珠江长两倍。the dict

22、ionary is exactly five times more expensive than that one.这本字典比那本恰好贵5倍。3.a + be + 倍数 + the + 计量名词 + of + b the newly broadened square is four times the size of the previous one.新扩建的广场是未扩建时的四倍大。4.the + 计量名词 + of + a + be + 倍数 + that + of + b the size of the newly broadened square is four times that o

23、f the previous one.新扩建的广场为以前的四倍大。本题考查的是上述第三种情况。a项的“倍数加计量名词”是倍数表达法的一种形式，distance后面是一个定语从句，修饰限制先行词distance，其他结构均不正确。故选a。5.steve jobs was fired by the person he had hired and trusted the fact he was the one who co-established the company.a. despite whichb. regardless thatc. in spite of thatd. against i

24、n which【答案】c【解析】【详解】考查介词及同位语从句的引导词。句意：乔布斯被他雇用和信任的人从苹果公司解雇，尽管他是公司的合伙人。a. despite即使，尽管；b. regardless不管，不顾；c. in spite of尽管；不管，不顾；d. against反对。regardless 需与of连用，因此b项错误；against的意义不符合句意的需要，因此d项错误；despite 和in spite of都可以使用。分析句子结构可知，第二个空格后的句子的成分和语意都是完整的，这里需要填入that引导同位语从句，解释说明名词fact，因此a项的which错误。故选c。6.the p

25、arents attempted to marrying the boy, though motivated but without a handsome pay, a decent car or a respectable apartment.a. encourage their daughter fromb. discourage their daughter intoc. dissuade their daughter intod. persuade their daughter out of【答案】d【解析】【详解】考查动词短语。句意：父母试图说服女儿不要嫁给那个男孩，尽管他很有志向，

26、但是却没有丰厚的薪水，像样的汽车或体面的公寓。a项的搭配是错误的；discourage sb from doing：阻止某人做某事，因此b项错误；dissuade sb from doing 劝某人不做某事，因此c项错误；persuade sb out of sth：说服某人不做某事。因为男孩没有丰厚的薪水，像样的汽车或体面的公寓，因此父母试图说服女儿不要嫁给那个男孩。故选d。7.so that the boat almost .a. tough the sea became turned downb. rough did the sea become

27、turned overc. rough the sea became turned overd. tough did the sea become turned down【答案】b【解析】【分析】【详解】考查倒装句及形容词词义和动词短语含义辨析。句意：大海变得如此不平静，船几乎要翻掉。“so+形容词”位于句首时，其后的主句使用部分倒装的语序（一般疑问句的语序），that后面的句子使用自然语序。tough：艰难的，艰苦的；turn down：拒绝，调低音量，它们不合句意。rough：粗糙的，猛烈的， 高低不平的；turn over：（使） 翻转，（使） 颠倒，（使）倾覆。 c项没有使用部分倒装的

28、语序。故选b。8.after around cape horn, chichester sent the message of victory to london.a. succeeding in sailingb. successfully sailedc. succeeded in sailingd. being successfully sailed【答案】a【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词及固定短语。句意：在绕cape horn航行成功后， chichester向伦敦发出了胜利的信息。句中逻辑主语chichester 与动词之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。d项的动名词被动

29、形式being sailed是错误的，因为句子逻辑主语发出sail的动作。succeed in doing sth成功做某事。故选a。9.although the boss appears to wear a smile most of the time, his smile is by no means sincere or genuine, instead, it could be somewhat and hostile at times.a. hospitableb. friendlyc. toughd. sinister【答案】d【解析】【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管老板似乎

30、大多数时候都带着微笑，但他的微笑并不是什么时候都是真诚可信赖的，反而有时会有些险恶和敌意。a. hospitable热情好客的；b. friendly友善的；c. tough艰难的，艰苦的；d. sinister险恶的。由and可知，此处选择与hostile词义接近的词语。故选d。10.with much work that remains to be completed, the manager found their project .a. more than satisfyingb. not at all satisfiedc. far from satisfactoryd. with

31、more satisfaction than not【答案】c【解析】【详解】考查固定短语及形容词作宾语补足语。句意：由于还有许多工作要做，经理发现他们的项目工作远远不能令人满意。a. more than satisfying非常令人满意的，此时的more than 相当于very；b. not at all satisfied；根本不满意的；c. far from satisfactory；远不令人满意的；d项的表达不正确。more than：超过，非常；not at all：根本不；far from：远不。结合语境，因为还有许多工作要做，因此经理认为他们的项目工作远远不能令人满意。sati

32、sfying 和 satisfactory：令人满意的，用于修饰事物；satisfied：感到满意的，用于修饰人，此处修饰project应该使用satisfying 或 satisfactory。综上分析，c项正确。故选c。11.my friends thought “i had lost my mind”, which means they thought .a. i was very much depressedb. i had lost my heartc. i was in severe lack of confidenced. i had been mad and crazy【答案】

33、d【解析】【详解】考查同义句转换。句意：我的朋友们认为“我疯了”，这意味着他们认为我疯了。a. i was very much depressed我非常沮丧；b. i had lost my heart  我迷失了方向；c. i was in severe lack of confidence我严重缺乏信心；d. i had been mad and crazy我一直在发疯。此处考查对句意的理解，lose ones mind失去理智。因此d项能够解释双引号内的句子。故选d。12.when challenges and setbacks, he remains , brave and

34、firm.a. faced with hesitantb. facing resolutec. in face of indecisived. facing with determined【答案】b【解析】【详解】考查固定短语和形容词词义辨析。句意：面对挑战和挫折时，他仍然坚决，勇敢和坚定。a. faced with面对，hesitant犹豫的； b. facing面对，resolute坚决的；c. in face of面对， indecisive优柔寡断的；d. facing with面对，determined坚定的。结合选项可知，when引导的状语从句完整形式为：when he is fa

35、ced with/ when he is facing/ when he is in face of，可以省略其中的he is。第二个空应使用与brave和firm词义相近的词语resolute或determined，但是d项的facing with 是错误的。故选b。13.the stormy and treacherous weather difficulty and uncertainty in the search for the missing passengers.a. added tob. added up toc. added upd. added【答案】a【解析】【详解】考查

36、动词（短语）辨析。句意：暴风骤雨的天气增加了寻找失踪乘客的难度和不确定性。a. added to 增加；b. added up to 合计是多少； c. added up 把加起来； d. added 增加。add作“加，增加”解时，既可作及物动词，又可用作不及物动词；作“又说，补充说”解时，与直接或间接引语连用。如：if the tea is too strong, add some more hot water. 如果茶太浓了，再加点开水。after a short while, he added that he would try his best. 过了一会儿，他又接着说他会尽力。at

37、 last his mother added he must be more careful next time. 最后他母亲又说下次他必须更加小心。add to意为“增添，增加，增进”。如：the bad weather added to our difficulties. 恶劣的天气增加了我们的困难。he did nothing but add to our trouble. 他什么也没做，只是增加了我们的麻烦。结合上述分析，本题选择added to。故选a。14.marathon is intended to put the athletes to a challenging test

38、of and willpower.a. insistenceb. endurancec. preservationd. bravery【答案】b【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：马拉松旨在使运动员经受耐力和意志力的挑战性考验。a. insistence 坚持； b. endurance耐力；c. preservation保存，保护，维护；d. bravery勇敢。由and可知，此处应使用与willpower（意志力）词义相近的词语endurance。故选b。15.the devoted and determined single mother brought up her five ch

39、ildren single-handed. which of the following is wrong?a. without others assistanceb. independent of others helpc. completely of her ownd. all by herself【答案】c【解析】【详解】考查同义转换。句意：坚定的单身母亲抚养着她的五个孩子。 以下哪项同义转换是错误的？a. without others assistance没有他人的帮助；b. independent of others help不依靠他人的帮助；c. completely of her

40、 own完全属于她自己的；d. all by herself完全靠自己。of her own属于她自己的，这不合乎原句的表达。故选c。16.not until unit one of college english on learning strategies the importance of distinguishing active vocabulary from passive ones in vocabulary accumulation.a. did he learn he realizedb. he learned did he realizec. had he learned

41、did he realized. he learned didnt he realize【答案】b【解析】【详解】考查倒装句。句意：直到他学习了大学英语学习策略的第一单元后，他才意识到在词汇积累中区分主动词汇和被动词汇的重要性。not until位于句首时，其后面的从句不需要使用倒装语序，主句要使用部分倒装语序，两个空格处的时态均为一般过去时。故选b。17.only when he conquered his inner fear a newfound sense of accomplishment and self-confidence.a. did he gainb. he had gai

42、nedc. he gainedd. has he gained【答案】a【解析】【详解】考查倒装句。句意：只有克服了内心的恐惧，他才获得新的成就感和自信心。only when引导的时间状语从句位于句首，主句需要使用部分倒装语序（一般疑问句的语序）。由conquered可知，主句的时态使用一般过去时，在部分倒装中使用的助动词是did。故选a。【点睛】当“only状语”位于句首时，其后习惯上要用部分倒装。其中，only后的状语可以是副词、介词短语、从句等。例如：only in this way can we learn english. 只有这样才能学会英语。only then did i und

43、erstand what she meant. 只有到那时我才明白她的意思。only by shouting was he able to make himself heard.  他只有叫喊才能让别人听到他。注意，在only后作状语的是从句时，从句不要用倒装，要部分倒装的是主句。如：only when it rains do people feel cool. 只有下雨时人们才觉得凉爽一点。only when he returned home did he realize what had happened. 当他回到家里时，才知道出了什么事。only when we landed

44、 did we see how badly the plane had been damaged. 我们只是在着陆之后才看到飞机损坏的严重程度。本题考查倒装句。句意：只有克服了内心的恐惧，他才获得新的成就感和自信心。only when引导的时间状语从句位于句首，主句需要使用部分倒装语序（一般疑问句的语序）。由conquered可知，主句的时态使用一般过去时，在部分倒装中使用的助动词是did。故选a。18.i learned that francis chichester was knighted by queen elizabeth .yes, so and so .a. he was was

45、 sir francis drakeb. was he sir francis drake wasc. he did the same with sir francis draked. he was sir francis drake was the same【答案】a【解析】【详解】考查倒装句。句意：我得知弗朗西斯·奇切斯特被伊丽莎白二世女王封为爵士。是的，弗朗西斯·德雷克爵士也是如此。and前的情况：so位于句首时，表示对某人所提到的情况予以肯定时，此时不需要使用部分倒装的语序；and后的情况：so位于句首时，表示某人、某事或某情况与前面所提到的相同时，此时使用部分倒装

46、的语序。故选a。【点睛】so位于句首时，表示对某人所提到的情况予以肯定时，此时不需要使用部分倒装的语序。例如：as far as i know, you love traveling very much. so i do. 据我所知，你特别喜欢旅行。是的，我的确很喜欢；so位于句首时，表示某人、某事或某情况与前面所提到的相同，时此时使用部分倒装的语序。例如：she is professor lis neighbor, so am i. 她是李教授的邻居，我也是。注意比较和区别so do i ；so i do；i do so：my father likes music; so do i

47、. （部分倒装句型）我爸爸喜欢音乐，我也一样。my teacher hopes that i write an english composition every day and i do so.老师希望我每天写一篇英语作文，我就按老师说的去做。本题考查倒装句。句意：我得知弗朗西斯·奇切斯特被伊丽莎白二世女王封为爵士。是的，弗朗西斯·德雷克爵士也是如此。and前的情况：so位于句首时，表示对某人所提到的情况予以肯定时，此时不需要使用部分倒装的语序；and后的情况：so位于句首时，表示某人、某事或某情况与前面所提到的相同时，此时使用部分倒装的语序。故选a19.no soone

48、r a shelter it began to pour.a. we found thanb. had we found whenc. had we found thand. we found when【答案】c【解析】【详解】考查倒装句。句意：我们刚找到避雨的地方便开始下雨。“no sooner +部分倒装句+than+句子”表示“一就”，引导时间状语从句，前面的主句通常用过去完成时, 后面的从句通常用一般过去时。如：no sooner had he gone to bed than the telephone rang once more. 他刚要去睡觉电话又响起来了。故选c。20.out

49、 to the finishing line! and here !a. he dashes comes our champion and herob. dashes he our champion and hero comec. he dashes come our champion and herod. dashes he comes our champion and hero【答案】a【解析】【详解】考查倒装句和主谓一致。句意：他冲到了终点线！我们的冠军和英雄来了。该题考查完全倒装。当表示地点、方向、方位的单个副词（如away，in，out，off ，here ，there 等。）放在句

50、首时，其后的句子要用完全倒装的语序，即动词在主语之前，但主语是人称代词时不适应该倒装。结合句意可知，此处的champion和hero是同一个人即题中的“he”，因此come在一般现在时态中要使用单数形式。故选a。【点睛】该题考查完全倒装。当表示地点、方向、方位的单个副词（如away，in，out，off，here，there 等。）放在句首时，其后的句子要用完全倒装的语序。副词后面的不及物动词往往表示“动态”，而且这个副词与动词的动作有关，表示其地点、方向和方位。人称代词是主语时不适应该倒装并且该倒装一般不用进行时态。即便是进行的动作，我们也要用一般时态表示。它的基本格式：in (out, d

51、own, up, over, away, off, back) + come/go/rush/run/walk等“动态动词” +主语。例如：the door opened and in came our headmaster. 门开了，我们的校长进来了。away ran the prisoner. 犯人逃跑了。out rushed the children. 孩子们冲了出去。结合句意可知，此处的champion和hero是同一个人即题中的“he”，因此come在一般现在时态中要使用单数形式。故选a。. grammar and vocabulary (20 points)section adir

52、ections: after reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. for the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.over-dried earththe south-wes

53、t of the united states, together with some parts of mexico across the rio grande, is one of the driest parts of the north american continent. but, over the past two decades, even that expected dryness _21_ (take) to the limit. according to park williams, who works at columbia universitys lamont-dohe

54、rty earth observatory, the current lack of rainfall in the area constitutes a megadrought of a severity _22_(see) on only four other occasions in the past 1,200 years.dr williams studies the annual growth rings of 1,586 ancient trees, in order to reconstruct soil-moisture patterns going back to 800

55、a.d. during warm, wet years trees grow fast, producing wide rings. during cold, dry _23_ they grow more slowly, producing narrow rings. during a drought, a tree _24_ not grow much at all._25_they describe in this weeks science, the team identified dozens of droughts over the centuries in question. b

56、ut four stood out. they then took the average soil-moisture value for the current drought and compared it with sequential（连续的） 19-year averages with the previous four, one of them _26_(last) nearly a century. this showed that the region is already drier than it was during the first three of the prev

57、ious megadroughts, and is equivalent to the event of 1575-1603.in a world _27_ human actions are driving temperatures up, dr parker and his colleagues wondered how much people are _28_(blame) for this state of affairs. to estimate that, they turned to climate modelling.climate models are able to re-run the past with and _29_ the warming effects of huma