选修六UnitGlobalwarmingPPT学习教案

1、会计学1第1页/共112页第2页/共112页Energy sources?International relations? Money?Technology? Which is the most important to a country? Man power?第3页/共112页energy sources We depend on energy to do many things in our daily lives. For example, energy lights our cities and heats our buildings. Make a list of things t

2、hat use energy in your home, in your school, or any other places you can think of. 第4页/共112页stove light things that use energy in your home micro-wave oven cassette player heating television hairdryer video player fridge computer washing machine stove第5页/共112页Wind energy is used as power to produce

3、electricity . Windmills第6页/共112页where electricity is produced by burning coals.The coal power stations第7页/共112页in which oil is refined and made pure. The Oil Refineries第8页/共112页a facility designed to convert nuclear energy into electricity.A nuclear power plant第9页/共112页 on the roof of a house on a b

4、right sunny day are used to collect solar energy, making your house warm or heating your water.Solar panels第10页/共112页are used to keep back water and raise its level for irrigation or for producing electricity, etc.The Hydro-electric dams第11页/共112页 Discussion第12页/共112页Fossil fuels Non-renewable第13页/共

5、112页Renewable第14页/共112页第15页/共112页What are these buildings made of and what is their purpose? They are made of glass and plants can grow in it when it is cold outside.第16页/共112页How does it work?The glass traps the heat from the sun, making the air warm so that plants can grow better.第17页/共112页Greenho

6、use gases perform the same function as the glass in a greenhouse - They trap the heat of the sun and keep the air surrounding the earth warm.It is called the greenhouse effect.第18页/共112页The Earth Is The Earth Is Becoming Warmer Becoming Warmer But Does It But Does It Matter?Matter?第19页/共112页Translat

7、e the following words into English: 第20页/共112页Translate the following words into English: 第21页/共112页Fast ReadingScanning1.Who wrote the magazine article? What is the name of the magazine?2.What are the names of the three scientists mentioned in the article?3.What are the two graphs about?第22页/共112页S

8、ophie Armstrong wrote the magazine article. The name of the magazine is “Earth care”.2.What are the names of the three scientists mentioned in the article?They are Dr. Janice Foster, Charles Keeling and George Hambley.1.Who wrote the magazine article? What is the name of the magazine?第23页/共112页3.Wha

9、t are the two graphs about?Graph 1 shows the temperature increase of one degree Fahrenheit between 1860 to 2000.Graph 2 shows the carbon dioxide content in the atmosphere from 1957 to 1997.Graph 1:Graph 2:第24页/共112页A. The earth. B. Global warming. C. Becoming warmer doesnt matter. 第25页/共112页Detailed

10、-Reading Read the article in details and finish the following task.第26页/共112页1.The temperature last century didnt increase much.2.Everyone believes that global warming is caused by the activities of humans.3.Janice Foster believes that she can measure the future global rise in temperature.4.Natural

11、gas is a greenhouse gas.5.Carbon dioxide is a byproduct of burning fossil fuels.Tell true or false.TTFTT第27页/共112页1. matter 要紧、有关系，要紧、有关系，= be importantIt doesnt matter if I miss the train because theres another one in ten minutes.It is what you do rather than what you say that matters. Language poi

12、nts 第28页/共112页2. It is a rapid increase when compared to other natural changes. compare vt. 1)比较比较; 对照对照 comparewith表示表示“把把与与相比相比(同类相比同类相比)” 如：如： Compared to/with many women, she was indeed very fortunate.第29页/共112页2) 喻为喻为; 比拟比拟compareto 表示表示“把把比做比做(异类异类相比相比, 比喻比喻)” 如：如： My handwriting can not be co

13、mpared with my fathers.我的书法不能与我父亲的相比。我的书法不能与我父亲的相比。Shakespeare compared the world to a stage. 莎士比亚把人世比做舞台。莎士比亚把人世比做舞台。第30页/共112页第31页/共112页come about: 发生发生, 造成造成, 相当于相当于happen你能告诉我事情是怎么发生的吗？你能告诉我事情是怎么发生的吗？ Can you tell me how the accident came about?随着电的使用随着电的使用, 种种大变化发生了。种种大变化发生了。With the use of ele

14、ctricity, great changes have come about. come out 出现出现; 出版出版come up 出现出现; 被提出被提出3. So how has this come about and does it matter?第32页/共112页come aboutcome acrosscome roundcome into beingcome into effectcome outcome down to earth发生发生偶然遇到偶然遇到绕道而来绕道而来, 苏醒苏醒出现出现, 形成形成开始生效开始生效出现出现; 出版出版; 显出显出回到现实中来回到现实中来第

15、33页/共112页D第34页/共112页4. There is no doubt that.doubt 1) 作不可数名词作不可数名词, 作作“疑惑疑惑; 怀疑怀疑”肯定句中肯定句中doubt多接多接whether (一般不用一般不用if代替代替) 同位语从句。同位语从句。否定句中否定句中doubt多接多接that同位语从句。如同位语从句。如: Theres some doubt _ hell keep his promise. She had her doubt _ the new book would sell well. whetherwhether第35页/共112页There is

16、no doubt _ they will ask you for help. I have no doubt _ you will succeed. 2)作及物动词常用于下列句型中作及物动词常用于下列句型中, 作作“怀疑怀疑;不能肯定不能肯定; 不大相信不大相信”解解, 一般不用进行时态。一般不用进行时态。thatthat第36页/共112页用于否定句或疑问句用于否定句或疑问句, 后接后接that引导的宾语引导的宾语从句。从句。用于肯定句用于肯定句, 一般接一般接whether 或或if引导的宾语引导的宾语从句。从句。 如如: I dont doubt _ he is telling the

17、truth. 我毫不怀疑他在讲真话。我毫不怀疑他在讲真话。 Do you doubt _ he will win the match? 你怀疑他会赢这场比赛吗你怀疑他会赢这场比赛吗? I doubt _ we will make a profit out of it. 我认为我们不可能从此事中获利。我认为我们不可能从此事中获利。 We doubt _ she will be persuaded. 我们不知道她会不会被说服。我们不知道她会不会被说服。 whether/ifwhether/ifthatthat第37页/共112页4. subscribe to1) 同意同意; 支持支持I dont

18、subscribe to such views. 我不同意这样的观点。我不同意这样的观点。 2) 对对.捐款捐款Many people subscribed liberally to the relief fund. 许多人为救灾基金慷慨解囊。许多人为救灾基金慷慨解囊。 3) 订阅订阅(书籍等书籍等)He subscribed to Readers Digest.他订阅他订阅读者文摘读者文摘。第38页/共112页5. Without the green house effect, the earth would be about thirty-three degrees Celsius coo

19、ler than it is. 如果没有温室效应如果没有温室效应, 地球会比现在冷地球会比现在冷33。 这是一个含蓄虚拟条件句。这是一个含蓄虚拟条件句。 有时假设的情况并不以条件从句形式表示有时假设的情况并不以条件从句形式表示 出来出来, 而是通过一个介词短语或其他方式而是通过一个介词短语或其他方式 表示。常用的词或短语有表示。常用的词或短语有: without, but for, otherwise, or, but等。等。 第39页/共112页e.g. Without your help ( = If we had not had your help), we could not have

20、 succeeded要是没有你的帮助要是没有你的帮助, 我们是不会成功的。我们是不会成功的。He felt very tired yesterday, or he wouldhave attended the party他昨天很累他昨天很累, 不然他就参加那个聚会了不然他就参加那个聚会了。第40页/共112页6. quantity n. 数量数量; 量量1)“a large/small quantity of +不可数名词不可数名词或可数名词复数或可数名词复数”表示表示“大量的大量的/少量的少量的”, 当它修饰名词作主语时当它修饰名词作主语时, 谓语动词用谓语动词用单数单数2)“large/s

21、mall quantities of +不可数名词或不可数名词或可数名词复数可数名词复数”,但谓语动词用但谓语动词用复数复数。 Large quantities of cotton have been shipped all over the world already.A large quantity of bamboo is used for pipes to carry water. 第41页/共112页 可数名词可数名词和和不可数名词不可数名词均可修饰：均可修饰：lots of = a lot of a quantity of = quantities of a mass of = m

22、asses of , plenty of只修饰只修饰可数名词：可数名词：many, a great/large number of = large numbers of, a good/great many, scores of, dozens of只修饰只修饰不可数名词：不可数名词：much, a great/large amount ofa great/good deal of第42页/共112页注意：注意：amounts of + 不可数不可数名词充当句子名词充当句子的主语时的主语时, 其谓语动词用其谓语动词用复复数。数。an amount of + 不可数不可数名词充当句子名词充当句子

23、的主语时的主语时,其谓语动词用其谓语动词用单单数。数。第43页/共112页7. It means that more heat energy tends to be trapped in the atmosphere causing the global temperature to go up.二氧化碳量的增加意味着更多的热能滞留在二氧化碳量的增加意味着更多的热能滞留在大气中，结果造成地球温度的上升。大气中，结果造成地球温度的上升。主句是主句是 “It means”; that 引导的是宾语从引导的是宾语从句，其中的分词短语句，其中的分词短语 “causing the global temp

24、erature to go up”作结果状语。作结果状语。第44页/共112页 tend vi.倾向；易于；照顾倾向；易于；照顾 vt.照顾；护理照顾；护理1)tend to/toward sth. 有有的趋势；倾向于的趋势；倾向于 tend (to) 照顾照顾 2)tendency n.倾向倾向 a tendency to/towards sth的倾向，趋势的倾向，趋势 have a tendency to do sth. 倾向于做某事，倾向于做某事， 往往会做某事往往会做某事Eg. My grandmother tends to go to bed early every day. He

25、has a tendency to forget things.第45页/共112页go up 1) 上升上升Prices have gone up again. 物价又上涨了。物价又上涨了。 2) 被建造起来被建造起来New factories are going up everywhere. 到处在兴建新工厂。到处在兴建新工厂。 第46页/共112页 result in 产生，导致产生，导致 （lead to, cause sth to happen) result from 由由引起，产生引起，产生 ( lie in, occur, as a result of/because of )

26、The accident resulted _ the drivers carelessness, which resulted _ the death of two passengers.fromin8.第47页/共112页1.The experiment _ the discovery of a cure for cancer. A. resulted in B. lead to C. resulted from D. was caused by2. He slipped and broke his leg. _, he will have to be away from school f

27、or two or three months. A. Resulting in B. With the result that C. As a result D. The result is that第48页/共112页第49页/共112页10. On the other hand, there are those, like George Hambley, who are opposed to this view, believe that we should not worry about high levels of carbon dioxide in the air.在另一方面在另一方

28、面, 还有一些人还有一些人, 对这一观点对这一观点持反对态度持反对态度, 像科学家乔治像科学家乔治 汉布利汉布利, 他们认为我们不必担心空气中高含量他们认为我们不必担心空气中高含量的二氧化碳。的二氧化碳。第50页/共112页on the other hand: 另一方面另一方面Id like to eat out, but on the other hand I should be trying to save money.I want to go to the party, but on the other hand I ought to be studying. 我想去参加聚会我想去参加聚

29、会, 但从另一方面来说但从另一方面来说, 我应该留下来学习。我应该留下来学习。第51页/共112页oppose vt. 反对反对; 反抗反抗 如：如：be opposed to sth./doing sth. 反对某事反对某事/做某事做某事I am opposed to going shopping with others.我反对与他人一起外出购物。我反对与他人一起外出购物。He is strongly opposed to the plan.他强烈反对这一计划。他强烈反对这一计划。oppose sth./doing sth. 反对某事反对某事/做某事做某事oppose后若接动词后若接动词,

30、则用其动名词形式，则用其动名词形式，而不用动词不定式。而不用动词不定式。The young man opposed/objected to turning to his parents for help.第52页/共112页 It rained yesterday and in consequence the match was canceled. He studied hard, and in consequence he passed the exam.第53页/共112页 +n.12. state +that从句从句 +wh-从句；从句；他已公开声明他会支持那项政策。他已公开声明他会支持

31、那项政策。He has publicly _ _ _ for the policy.stated his support我听见那位官员说不接纳儿童。我听见那位官员说不接纳儿童。I heard the official state that they would not accept children.合同清楚地叙述了那项工作应在何时完成。合同清楚地叙述了那项工作应在何时完成。The contract stated when the work should be finished.v. 陈述陈述, 声明；声明； n. 状况状况, 情况情况; 国家；国家；第54页/共112页13. Range n

32、. 范围，种类范围，种类1）beyond the range of 超越超越的范围的范围 out of ones range 某人达不到的某人达不到的 in/ within range 在在范围内范围内 a wide range of 一系列一系列 a full range of 各种各种 这家商店商品品种多。这家商店商品品种多。 The shop keeps _.a wide range of goods第55页/共112页 2)range from to 在什么范围内变动在什么范围内变动 range betweenand 在什么和什么范围内变动在什么和什么范围内变动温度在温度在15度到度到

33、35度之间。度之间。The temperature _.ranges from 15 to 35 degrees第56页/共112页第57页/共112页15. even if /though: 即使即使; 虽然虽然He will come on time even though it rains. 即使下雨即使下雨, 他还是会准时来的。他还是会准时来的。 I wouldnt tell you even if I knew. Even if she survives, shell never fully recover.Even though hes 24 now, hes still like

34、 a little child.I can still remember, even though it was so long ago.第58页/共112页第59页/共112页第60页/共112页Discovering useful Discovering useful words and words and expressionsexpressions第61页/共112页1第62页/共112页Possible meaningsword Which used1 n. a general tendency in the way a situation is changing2 v. to st

35、art doing something that everyone copiestrend11 v. to make something (especially something bad) increase2 n. a substance that can be burned to make heat or energyfuel2第63页/共112页1 n. the physical or mental condition of someone2 v. to formally say or write some information or an opinionstate21 v. to u

36、se time, energy, goods, etc2 v. (formal) to eat or drink somethingconsume11 v. to look quickly at someone or something2 v. to read something very quicklyglance2第64页/共112页2第65页/共112页datakept on第66页/共112页quantitiesrun outbuild upcatastrophe第67页/共112页come about5. The _ of a rising sea level would be wi

37、despread flooding.consequence第68页/共112页phenomenongraphper第69页/共112页even if10. The Car accident on the main road yesterday _ one drivers death.resulted in第70页/共112页Discovering useful Discovering useful structuresstructures第71页/共112页1.1.it it 作人称代词作人称代词, ,主要指刚提到的事物，主要指刚提到的事物，以避免重复以避免重复; ; 也可以指动物或婴儿也可以

38、指动物或婴儿. .2.2.i it t作非人称代词，有时并不指具体的东作非人称代词，有时并不指具体的东西，而泛指天气、时间、日期、距离等西，而泛指天气、时间、日期、距离等. .Review the use of “it” (1)3.3.用以代替指示代词用以代替指示代词this, thatthis, that4. it 作形式主语，而真正的主语是动词不作形式主语，而真正的主语是动词不定式、动名词或从句。定式、动名词或从句。5. it 作形式宾语，而真正的宾语是动词不作形式宾语，而真正的宾语是动词不定式、动名词或从句。定式、动名词或从句。第72页/共112页The use of “it” (2)T

39、he Use of “it” for Emphasis第73页/共112页Compare the two sentences below. 1.Human activity has caused this global warming.2. It is human activity that has caused this global warming.“It” has been used in the second sentence to give extra importance to “human activity”.第74页/共112页一一. 陈述句的强调句型结构陈述句的强调句型结构

40、: 1. Tom ate an egg at home this morning . 强调主语：强调主语： It was Tom that / who ate an egg at home this morning .强调宾语：强调宾语： It was an egg that Tom ate at home this morning . 第75页/共112页强调时间状语：强调时间状语： It was this morning that Tom ate an egg at home.强调地点状语：强调地点状语：It was at home that Tom ate an egg this mor

41、ning .1. Tom ate an egg at home this morning .第76页/共112页Conclusion: 陈述句的强调句型结构陈述句的强调句型结构 : It is /was+ 被强调成分被强调成分 (主语主语/宾语宾语/状语等状语等) +that/who+句子的其他成分。句子的其他成分。（it在这种句型中本身无实际意义）在这种句型中本身无实际意义）Notice：1. 除除谓语动词谓语动词以外的成分都可用于强调句以外的成分都可用于强调句中中;2. 如原句时态为现在时或将来时，则如原句时态为现在时或将来时，则be 用用 is, 如原句时态为过去时如原句时态为过去时,则

42、则 be用用 was;3. 当被强调部分指人时，既可以用当被强调部分指人时，既可以用that,也也可用可用 who .第77页/共112页二二.一般疑问句的强调句型：一般疑问句的强调句型：1.It was Tom that / who ate an egg at home this morning . Was it Tom that / who ate an egg at home this morning ?2.It was at home that Tom ate an egg this morning . Was it at home that Tom ate an egg this m

43、orning ?Conclusion:Is / Was +it +被强调的部分被强调的部分 + that / who + 其余部分其余部分?第78页/共112页三三.特殊疑问句的强调句型：特殊疑问句的强调句型：Conclusion:被强调部分被强调部分 (通常是疑问代词或通常是疑问代词或疑问副词疑问副词) +is / was + it + that / who +其余部其余部分分?1.It was this morning that Tom ate an egg at home. When was it that Tom ate an egg at home?2.It was at home

44、that Tom ate an egg this morning .Where was it that Tom ate an egg this morning ?第79页/共112页not . until 的强调形式是：的强调形式是：It is not until + 被强调部分被强调部分 + that . ，主要用于强调，主要用于强调时间状语的强调句型。时间状语的强调句型。 He didnt go to bed until his mother came back. It was not until his mother came back that he went to bed.四四. n

45、ot . until 的强调形式的强调形式第80页/共112页 Notice:注意注意区别区别强调句和定语从句：强调句和定语从句：判断是判断是强调句还是强调句还是定语从句定语从句，可把，可把 It is / was that/who去掉去掉，剩余部分在不增减任何，剩余部分在不增减任何词的情况下可以还原成一个完整的句子，词的情况下可以还原成一个完整的句子，那么这个句子就是强调句，否则就是定语那么这个句子就是强调句，否则就是定语从句。从句。 2.It was 9 oclock I met her father in the street. A. that B. whenAB1.It was at

46、9 oclock I met her father in the street.第81页/共112页的强调方式：的强调方式：do / does / did + 动词原形动词原形（1）我）我的确的确想去北京想去北京。 I want to go to Beijing. I do want to go to Beijing. （2）我昨天）我昨天确实确实买了一支新钢笔。买了一支新钢笔。 I bought a new pen yesterday. I did buy a new pen yesterday.的强调方式的强调方式第82页/共112页第83页/共112页第84页/共112页5. It lo

47、oks ( seems ) as if . 该句型中该句型中it无意义，无意义， as if 引导一个状语从句引导一个状语从句。常译为，看起来好象如果与事。常译为，看起来好象如果与事实不相符合，则用虚拟语气。实不相符合，则用虚拟语气。 It looks as if he is ill.（真的病了）（真的病了） It looks as if he were ill. （没有生病）（没有生病） It seemed as if he were dying. 第85页/共112页Tell the function of “it”:1. Its difficult to remember all the

48、ir names.2. Its very quiet in the caf. 3. It rained for three days.4. He made it clear that he didnt want to speak to me.5. It was nice to meet you. 形式主语形式主语, 代替代替CircumstanceWeather形式宾语形式宾语, 代替代替形式主语形式主语, 代替代替第86页/共112页6. It was on Tuesday that Smith came.7. Its three miles from here to the nearest

49、 garage.8. A tall man stood up and shook hands. It was captain Lawrie.9. I hear you bought a new bike. Can you show it to me?用于强调句型中用于强调句型中Distance人称代词人称代词, 代表前面提到的人代表前面提到的人人称代词人称代词, 代表前面提到的物代表前面提到的物第87页/共112页10. It was five oclock when we got back home yesterday.11. It was dirty and wet below the s

50、hip where the slaves were kept. 12. It was on this coast that lots of his people disappeared. 13. It was most likely that one third of them had lost their lives.TimeCircumstance用于强调句型用于强调句型作引导词作引导词, 在句中作形式主语在句中作形式主语, 代替后面的从句代替后面的从句第88页/共112页What can we do about global warming?Reading and writing第89页

51、/共112页1.Who are the writers of the letters?Ouyang Guang and the editor of Earth Care.Reading第90页/共112页1. Whats the purpose of Ouyang Guangs letter? To get some suggestions for what he can do about global warming.Read Ouyangs letter and answer:2. Sometimes he has a commitment, whats it? Individuals c

52、an have little effect on global warming.第91页/共112页1. Does Earth Care agree with Ouyang Guangs opinion that individuals can have little effect? No, Earth Care doesnt agree.Read Earth Cares reply and answer:2.What suggestions does Earth Care give him? ( in your own words)第92页/共112页2.What suggestions does Earth Care give him?Turn electrical appliances off when not using them. Dont turn up the heat. Put on more clothes. Walk or ride a bike. Dont drive.第93页/共112页 Buy products that use less energy.Plant trees. Talk with family