主谓一致三个原则.

1、Ag r eement b e tw e e n s ubjecta nd verb主谓一致主要有以下三个原则：1、语法一致原则（5种情况）2、意义一致原则（10种情况）3、就近原则语法一致原则1. and连接不同的人或事时作主语时，谓语动词用 复数；但如果连接的名词指的是同一人或物，或同 一概念时，谓语要用单数。The s i nger and danc e rg o ing to giv e u s ape rform a n c e<>The k n i fe and fork on the tabl e。2不定式，动词i ng形式或主语从句作主语 时，谓语动词用单数。W h

2、at he is doing seems very i mp o rt a nt。C o 11 e cti n g s t a mpsis his hobby o3。定语从句的关系代词who , which, th a t 在从句中作主语时，要与先行词的人称和数保持一 致。Those w h o enj o y si n gi n g m ay join us。Tom, wh o is your fr i end, should hel P you。I > who am a t e a ch e r ,1 a ckhunio r。4。with, a 1 on g w i th, t o

3、g et h e r with, as well a s > b e sid e s, li k e, wi t hou t, exce P t, bu t, in cluding如果句子中有这些连接 词和主语连用，谓语动词的数随主语的变化而变 化。例如:The tea c her togetherwith h is stu d en t s, i s planting t r e es in t he s tree t 。5. many a, more than one与单数名词组成的短 语，谓语用单数-Many a boy ha s seen it。Mor e than one st

4、udent is r equ i red to r edo t he h o meworko意义一致原则1。不定代词 all, more, some, any, none作主语，谓语动词视情况而定。All of the a ppi e srot t e n°Al 1 of thea pple rotten o2. the re st of； half of; p a rt o f ; th e majority o F等以及分数、百分比在句子中加 名词作主语的时候，谓语动词与Of后面的名词保 持一致。Ha 1 f of t h e stud e n t s f i n i s he

5、dtheircomp osi t i on。Half o f t he wa t e r亠 (p ol 1 u t e) 3。集合名词作主语，强调整体谓语动词用单数; 指全体人员时，动词则用复数。这一类常见的集 合名词有 pub 1 ic, f ami 1 y, cl a ss, c r owd, a u dience, t earn, g overnment g roupoHis family_a 1 rea d y_(mov e )to F r ance. Hi s f a milv allm u sic 1 o v erso4 e 某些名词如 pe o p le, p o lice, c

6、 a t tie 等，形式上是单数，但意义上是复数，谓语动词应 用复数。people指“民族,咐是例外。The poli c e s ea r chi ng for athie foThe c a ttleeatin g gr a s s on the h i 1 L5 » 不定代词作主语，谓语动词要用单数，如 someone ,som e bo d y, s o m et h ing, a nybody等Someone is a s k i ng f o r you.6。某些名词如 c Io t h e s , t rouser s , shoe s , glasses, pant

7、s ,shor t s 等，通常只用其 复数形式，但当它们被apairof修饰时，谓 语动词用单数。Here a n ew pair o f s hoe s f oryou.7. 某些名词以s结尾如ma t hs, p olit i cs, physics, news, plast i cs 等，谓语动词应用 单数。Ph y sics is a v ery in t e re s t ing su b j e c t.8. 以a number of作主语时，谓语动词用复数; 以the numb e r of作主语时，谓语动词用单 数。A n u mber o f new b o oks are

8、 o n the desk。Th e number o f studen t s in yo u cl ass is5 0。9。单复数同形的名词，作主语的时候，其谓语 动词由上下文决定，这一类名词有：means, works, deer, fi s h, sheep, Ch i n e s e , Japa nes e 等。Not every means i s useful。Not al 1 means ar e us e ful.10o如果主语由“ the +形容词(或过去分词)” 结构担任时，谓语通常用复数；这类词有：the br a v e , the p oo r , th e ri

9、ch, the bl i nd, the young, the old, th e s i c k, t he (1 e ad 等就近原则e i t her 。 or; neithe r . .<> no r ; not o nly b ut also, w h e t h e r。or 在句子中 连接主语的时候或者在th e re be句型中，谓语 动词要和就近的主语保持一致.应该注意的几个问题：1.在主谓倒装的句子中，谓语动词的数应与其后的 主语一致。例如:Between the tw o win d o ws_ (h a ng) a pic t u re。2 .a (lar

10、ge) qu a n t ity of修饰可数或不可数名 词，其短语作主语时,谓语动词单复数看后面的名 词。A 1 a r g e quant ity o f p e o pie _ ne e ded here.quan t ities of修饰可数或不可数名词,其短语 作主语时，谓语动词用复数。例如：Q uantit i es o f f ood (nuts) onthe ta b 1 e .3。表示数量的one a nd a hal f后，名词要 用复数形式，但是其短语作主语时，谓语动词用单 数形式例如：One and a h a 1 f banana s is left on the t

11、 a bleo4. 书刊名、时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的复数 名词作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。T hirty y e a r s is n o t a I o ng time.Ro ots is a faniou s Amer i c an nov e 15 .everyo«. and eve ry。；each。“a nd e a ch 。；no。a n d no 在以上 短语中and连接的单数名词，整个短语在句中作 主语时，谓语动词常使用单数。Each man an d each woman is a s ke d t o a t t e ndcN o soun d a nd no

12、 v oi c e is hear d °请用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。1 o Thr e e yea rs _( h a v e ) pass e d s i nee t hey met last time, and for t h em, t hre e years (be) really a Ion g t i meo2O (b e ) everyb o dy going to t ake par t in the game thi s aft e rn o on?3 o My f amily (be) t he la r g e st on e i n o ur vill

13、a geo B esid e s, m y f a in i ly (be ) a 1 1 p arty m e mb e rso4O The whol e cla s s (be)now 1 istening to the t eacher at t en ti ve 1 yo5O The news (be) very exc i ti ngo6 To 1 ear n on e or two foreign 1 a ng u a ges _ (be) very i mpor t an t now a days.7. The 1 a st an d most d i ffi c ult 1 e

14、s s on _ _ (be) Le s son 14o8 o I, whoyour f riend ,wil 1 t rv mv be s 11 o help vo u。9O The s cien t is t a nd engineer _(have) i nve nted a new ma chineo1 0.All c e ,t o g e t h er withher f r iends.(b e ) p u ni shed forhaving b rok e n the s c hoo 1r ul e s .lloEve r y gi r I a nd everyb ov _(ha

15、 v e) the rightto j oi nt he clu b o12 o(be) either sh e or vOU togo a n d att e nd the mee t ing?N e 1 t h e r she no r I(b e )o13- An c lent a nd m o d er n history _(be) the s u bjects we a re s tudyingo1 4. Many a scienti s t (have) d evote d their liv e s t o s c i enceo1 5. The ol d _ (b e ) r

16、 e s p e c ted i n our countr y 选择题：l.One or two d ay s e nough t o se e th e ci t y.A .is B.are ®C. a mD. b e2 N e ither m y wife nor I myse 1 f ab 1 e to persuade my daught e r t o c h ang e her m i nd.A. is o B .are Cam D. be3 Not o nly I but a 1 so J a ne and Ma r yt i r e d o f h a vin g o

17、ne e x am i n at i o n a ft e r a n othe r .A.isB a re C。am D. h ave4 . Not t h e tea c her ,bu t the students 一 _1 o o kin g forward t o seein g the filmA. is »B. are C. am D. b e5. Nobody but Betty and M a r y _ _1 ate for c la s s yeste r d ay.A.wa s B. were C.ha s been D.have b e en6 .A wom

18、an w i th some c h i 1 dren s oon.A is coniin gB. a re c omi n gC.has come ”D ha v e co me7. N o o n e exc e p t m y parent s anythin g a bou t t his©A.know B. k nows C. i s known d). a re known8. The teach er as wel 1 a s th e students th e b ook alrea d y.A. has read . h av e r e adC. are rea

19、di n g D. i s reading9. All b ut onein the acc i d entA. was k i lied “B.were k illedC will b e killed D.are k i 11 ed10. Not on 1 y I but al s o J an e a nd Mar y tired o f having one e x am ina t i o n af t er an o t her.A. i sB o areC amD. b e11. A lib r a ry wit h fiv e til o u s an d b oA o is p 1 a yin gB。 h ave p 1 ay ed oC. ar e p la y i n gD。 p 1 ay15. o f th e land in th a t d Istric t c ove r ed with trees a n d g r ass。A> Two fifth; i sTwo f i ft h ; areC. Two fif t h