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1、2019 中考被动语态考点梳理语态有“主动”与“被动”两种主。动语态表示主语与谓语之间形成的是主谓关系,例如“某人做某事、某事发生了”等。被动语态则表示主语与谓语之间形成的是动宾关系,例如“某人被告知某事、某事被做了”等。我们在解答被动语态试题时,应了解中考关于被动语态的命题特点,做到以下“六注意:”一、注意题中有“陷阱”部分考查主动语态的单选题,常以动词的被动形式作为干扰项。也就是说,这类试题貌似考查被动语态,其实是考查主动语态。这类“声东击西”的试题往往会使我们在答题时误入“陷阱”。【中考例题】1. (2015 安顺 ) Premier Zhou Enlai _ for many year
2、s, he still lives in the hearts of Chinese people.A. diedB. was diedC. has been deadD. has been died2.(2015广州 ) Miss Brown, we _ cleaning our classroom. Can you go home now?A. finishB. finishingC. are finishedD. have finished3.(2014菏泽 ) Look, so many people are running our of the station. I wonder w
3、hat _.A. is happenedB. was happeningC. is happeningD. had happened4.(2013荆门 ) Since 2000, Jingmen has become a new city. Everything _.A. is changedB. was changedC. had changedD. has changed5. (2013 兰州 ) The food looked bad, but it _ OK. So we cantjudge a man by his appearance.6. (2013 常州 ) This list
4、ening material, together with its CD-ROMs, _ well.A. sellsB. sellC. is soldD. are sold7. (2013 河南 ) Excuse me. Im looking for Be the Best of Yourself. Sorry. The book you ask for _ out.A. is sellingB. is soldC. was sellingD. will be sold【答题策略】第 1 题中的 die 属于不及物动词,不能用be died,也没有 have been died等被动形式;句中
5、还有表示“一段时间”的状语for many years,因此要选主动语态的完成时作为句子的谓语。第2 题中的 finish 属于及物动词,可以有被动,但是本句的主语是we,“我们”和“完成”属于主谓关系,因此本句要用主动语态。第3 题中的 happen属于不及物动词,不能用 is / was / have been happened等被动形式。 第 4 题中的“事物” 与“变化” 属于主谓关系,故用主动语态。第 5 题中空格后的 OK 是形容词,意为“好的,不错的” ,因此可以看出空格处应是表示“尝起来 (味道是 )”的连系动词,英语中,连系动词没有被动语态。第 6 题中考查主动结构表被动含义
6、。某些可以和 well , easily,smoothly 等副词连用的不及物动词 (如 wash,sell,grow 等),当主语是无生命的名词或代词时,常用主动语态形式表示被动含义,表示“主语本身做得怎么样” ,如 sell well 意为“畅销”,grow easily 意为“长得容易;很容易生长”等。但是当主语是“物品”时,动词短语 sell out (卖完 )要用被动语态,如第 7题。二、注意语态、时态综合考查被动语态是通过不同的时态体现的。中考英语单选题中最常考的有:时 态结构形式 一般现在时am / is / are + done 一般过去时was / were + done现在
7、进行时am / is / are + being done过去进行时was / were + being done 现在完成时have / has + been done过去完成时had + been done 一般将来时shall / will + be done; am / is / are going to + be done过去将来时would + be done;was / were going to + be done 含有情态动词情态动词 + be done语态、时态综合考查的试题,选项中常以不同的时态作为干扰点。因此,解题时必须根据句中的时间状语选择对应的时态。如果没有明确的时
8、间状语,则根据上下文提供的信息判断对应的时态。【中考例题】8. (2015 成都 ) Chengdu is a greener city now because more and more trees _ every spring.A. were plantedB. are plantedC. will be plantedD. will plant9. (2014 广东 ) Chinese _ by many people all over the world today. Yes, I agree with you.A. learntB. is learnC. is learntD. is
9、 learning10.(2015克拉玛依 ) Did Jack come to our party yesterday? No, he _.A. didn tinviteB. wasntinvitedC. isntinvitedD. hasntinvited11.(2015重庆 B) Our new library _ last year. We enjoyed reading and studying in it.A. buildsB. builtC. is builtD. was built12.(2015梅州 ) The 31st Games _ in Rio de Janeiro o
10、f Brazil next year.A. is heldB. will holdC. will be heldD. is going to hold13. (2015 泰安 ) Lily, will you go to Jenny s birthday this Saturday? Im not sure. Because I _ so far.A. have invitedB. wasntinvitedC. haventbeen invitedD. will be invited14. (2015 广州 ) Many houses _ by the earthquake and thous
11、ands of people were left homeless.A. damagedB. were damagedC. were damagingD. are damaged15. (2015 江西 ) You cantwear shoes inside this place. It _.A. doesntallowB. isntallowedC. hasntallowedD. wasntallowed16. (2015 兰州 ) He has ordered a watch online for his father and it _ to him before Fathers Day.
12、A. sendB. will be sentC. was sentD. sent17. (2014 长沙 ) Im afraid I cantfinish the task successfully. Dontworry. You _ plenty of time to do it.A. will be givenB. giveC. will giveD. will be giving三、注意语态、时态、主谓一致综合考查某些考查被动语态试题的选项中,不但以时态和主动语态作为干扰点,还将主谓一致的考查纳入其中。解答这类试题,必须对时态、语态、主谓一致同时考虑。18. (2015 天津 ) The
13、 novel _ by many people today.A. is readB. are readC. readsD. were read19. (2015 福州 ) Dontsmoke here, Dad. Smoking _ in public places. Oh, sorry. Ill stop right now.A. isn tallowedB. arentallowedC. doesntallowD. didntallow20.(2015烟台 ) Everyone in our class _ to take part in the English Speech Contes
14、t.A. is encouragedB. encouragesC. are encouragingD. are encouraged21.(2013重庆 A) A lot of trees _ around here every year and we can enjoy fresher air now.A. plantB. is plantedC. were plantedD. are planted22. (2014 云南 ) Chinas hot words, like tuhao, dama and lianghui , _ on the western media (媒体 ).A.
15、use widelyB. is widely usedC. uses widelyD. are widely used23. (2014 绵阳 ) A popular sport, ping-pong, _ by many people around China, for fun and exercise.A. are enjoyedB. was enjoyedC. were enjoyedD. is enjoyed24. (2013 梅州 ) The child without parents _ good care of by his teacher in this special sch
16、ool.A. is takenB. are takenC. takeD. takes25. (2013 苏州 ) Have you heard about that cat accident near the school? Yes, luckily no one _.A. hurtB. was hurtC. has hurtD. were hurt26. (2013 黄石 ) It s said that _ of the water around the world _ polluted.A. two third; hasB. two thirds; haveC. two third; a
17、reD. two thirds; is27. (2013 天津 ) What languages _ in that country? German and English.A. are speakingB. are spokenC. speakD. is spoken四、注意时间和条件状语从句中的语态和时态主动语态中,条件状语从句和部分时间状语从句的谓语要用一般现在时表示将来的概念。在被动语态中,依然要遵循这个规则。【中考例题】28.(2015龙岩 ) Dad, can I play computer games? Not until your homework _.A. finishesB
18、. will finishC. is finishedD. will be finished29.(2013青岛 ) The song reminds me of my old school days as soon as it _.A. is playedB. playsC. will be playedD. will play30. (2015 乌鲁木齐 ) Mum, can I pick strawberries with my classmates on Sanping farm this weekend? Sure. If your homework _.A. is finished
19、B. finishesC. will be finishedD. will finish31. (2014 黄冈 ) Claudia, are you going to Jeffs birthday party this Saturday? Unless I _.A. will be invitedB. am invitedC. was invitingD. invited五、注意含有情态动词的被动语态现行中考英语试题中, 含有情态动词的被动语态主要考查的是 “一般现在时的被动语态” 。解答这类题目,【中考例题】32. (2015 汕尾 ) I don t think sixteen-year
20、-olds _ to drive. I agree. They arentserious enough at that age.A. can allowB. need be allowedC. should allowD. should be allowed33. (2015 孝感 ) How often do I need to feed the dog? It _ food every day, or it will be hungry.A. must giveB. must be giveC. must gaveD. must be given34. (2013 滨州 ) It sdif
21、ficult to get to the other side of the river. I think a bridge _ over the river.A. should be builtB. should buildC. will buildD. has built35.(2013安徽 ) Thanks to the Internet, different kinds of information _ in a short time.A. can be learnedB. has been learned C. can learnD. has learned36.(2015海南 )
22、Mr. Zhou cantfind his ID card anywhere. It _ be lost.A. cantB. shouldC. mustD. neednt37.(2015临沂 ) Teenagers should _ to take care of themselves from a young age.A. educateB. be educatingC. have educatedD. be educated六、注意动词或短语动词用法的不同在考查被动语态的单项选择试题中,选项大都是同一动词的不同词性,但有时也以不同的动词短语作为选项。此时,我们既要考虑语态和时态,也要考虑动
23、词或短语动词与题干内容在语义和用法等方面的吻合。【中考例题】38. (2015 三亚 ) UNICEF ( 联合国儿童基金会 ) was _ in 1946. It works to help childrenlive a better life.A. picked upB. put upC. set upD. looked up39. (2015 宜昌 ) The organization Wild Aid is _ to protect the animals. It has done a lot so far.A. cheered upB. picked upC. taken upD.
24、set up40.(2015 青岛 ) They heard the party was _ because of the exam.A. put onB. put upC. put offD. put down41.(2013 咸宁 ) The fire was finally _ in Jilin on June 3rd. Unfortunately, 119 peoplelost their lives. I hope the accident like this wonthappen again.A. put downB. put awayC. put outD. put up42.(
25、2014 泸州 ) The dictionary may _ for three weeks.A. keepB. be keptC. borrowD. be borrowed43.(2014 无锡 ) Your application wont_ until you complete the survey.A. acceptB. receiveC. be acceptedD. be received44. (2014 昆明 ) _ free breakfast _ in all schools in China? No, not yet. Only in the rural areas.A.
26、Are; madeB. Do; serveC. Are; servedD. Do; make45. (2014 白银 ) She _ for ten years and now she has a lovely daughter.A. marriedB. has been married C. got marriedD. has got married近年河北省中考被动语态真题1.(2015)Everybody _ deeply after they heard the story.A. movesB. movedC. is movedD. was moved2.(2014)The pet d
27、og is warm and loving, It _ as a daughter of my family.A. treatsB. treatedC. is treatedD. was treated3.(2013)Annie _ to the party. She had a wonderful time with us.A. invitesB. is invitedC. was invitedD. has invited4.(2012)More money _ when we use both sides of paper.A. will saveB. was savedC. has savedD. will be saved4.(2011)The Spring Festival _ in January or February.A. celebratesB. is celebratedC. celebratedD. was celebrated5.(2010)Hong Kong _ to be a good place for eating today.A. knowsB. knewC. is knownD. was known6.(2009) Don
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