绿山使用指南1

1、第三章使用指南38MESA CORE VERSION 5.0 USER MANUAL使用教程使用教程接下来的几页帮助，初学者将学会 MESA CORE 的基础功能.例如：layout 和 shooting。这些教程演示 layout 选项变化和 shooting 选项变化的结合。另一个教程演示 MESA CORE version 5.0 的新功能。这里用户使用电子教程已经成为现实。The tutorials in the following pages are to help the first time user understand the basic functions of MESA

2、CORE, such as layout and shooting. These lessons will show a couple of the variety of layout and shooting options. Another lesson will feature the new capabilities of MESA CORE version 5.0. Here the user will put to use the Advisor and Spreadsheet Capabilities now available. 第一节：检波点与炮点设计首先用户建立一个 8 平

3、方千米的 3 维设计。各种参数分别为：检波器道间距为 220，检波器线距为880，炮间距为 220，炮线间距为 1320，一个 8 x 36 网格用于编制程序。教程将展示如何用自动模版中心来编制探测计划的一种方法。此设计的编辑和坐标将用标准 ascii 格式输出。Lesson #1, Station and Shot Layout:In the first lesson the user will be creating an 8 square mile 3D survey. The Parameters will be Receiver Interval 220, Receiver Line

4、 Interval 880, Source Interval 220, and Source Line Interval 1320. An 8 x 36 patch size will be used to shoot the program. The purpose of the lesson is to demonstrate one of the methods used to layout a survey as well as shoot the program with the automatic template centering. Some editing of the de

5、sign will then be done and the coordinates will be output to an ascii file in a standard format.第二节：基于 Shooting 的坐标和网格的导入:用户将把第一节里导出的坐标在这里导入。导入以后，程序用演示网格的方法来演示 8 x 36 路径Lesson #2, Importing Coordinates and Grid Based Shooting:In the second lesson, the user will be importing the coordinates that were

6、 output in lesson #1. After importing, the user will be using the shooting grid method to shoot the 8 x 36 patch into the program. 第三节：advisor 和网格练习在第三节里，用户将用 mesa core5.0 的新功能。使用第一节里的设计并增加新的模型对像。新的表格功能也将用于校正围绕对像折叠覆盖Lesson #3, Advisor and Spreadsheet Exercises:In the third lesson, the user will be a

7、pplying the new features on MESA CORE version 5.0. The user will take the survey created from lesson #1 and be adding a model target. Then the new spreadsheet feature will be used to adjust for the fold coverage around the target.第四节：海上设计练习Lesson #4, Marine Exercise:The fourth lesson is intended to

8、be a continuation of familiarizing the user with the design capabilities of MESA. MESA Marine Design is a feature that provides the means for designing and examining marine surveys. The Designing of Marine Surveys has similar options to the designing of Land Surveys such as defining bins and calcula

9、ting attributes. The user can also choose to generate sail lines to the Design Window to use all the diagnostics available with MESA Core v5.第五节，个体模板Lesson #5, Unit Template:This lesson is to have the user become familiar with the Unit Template layout option. The exercise demonstrates how to define

10、a template that will create a survey and shoot it simultaneously while fitting it to a defined area.TUTORIALS 39 第六节，连续滚动放炮Lesson #6, Sequential Roll Shooting:This lesson is designed to give a brief example of the Sequential Roll Shooting option that is available in MESA 5.0. Sequential Roll Shootin

11、g offers greater flexibility in shooting to the user and supports a greater variety of survey geometries. STARTING A NEW PROJECT: Start the Mesa Core application by double clicking the Mesa Icon on the PC as shown above, or typing “Mesa” at the command prompt on Unix. The following screen will appea

12、r and Mesa will be in the design window. After starting the Mesa Core version 5 application the following Pull Down menus will become available. Become familiar with these menu selections as they will be referred to and used in more detail throughout the lessons. The Pull Down menus are File, Layout

13、, Bin Analysis, Display, Utilities, Output, Advisor, System 2000 and Help.40MESA CORE VERSION 5.0 USER MANUALThe user is in a blank design window, and the design window is labeled “”. At this point the user can assign the project a name only after performing an action.The user needs to perform an ac

14、tion such as the layout of sources or receivers in the design window before a save can be done. Neither the “Save Database” nor the “Save As New Database” from the “File” pull down menu will be active until an action has taken place. Functions in Mesa can be performed without supplying a project nam

15、e. If this is done, when the user exits the program, a prompt as shown below will appear. The user then has the option to “Save” any changes or “Discard” any changes. If a “Save” is done, all work done since the last save will be saved. If a discard is done to a previously unnamed project, nothing w

16、ill be saved. If a discard is done to an active database, all changes made since the last save will be discarded and Mesa Core will close with the last saved version of the database.TUTORIALS 41 LESSON #1Station & Shot LayoutThe first lesson is to have the user to become familiar with laying out

17、 a 3-D seismic survey using MESA CORE 5.0. The exercise demonstrates a direct path through MESA without much diversion. The path will be laying out sources, receivers, defining a bin grid, shooting the survey, and calculating diagnostics. Within MESA different types of geometries can be created. Lay

18、out types such as Diagonal, Zig-Zag, Mirrored Zig-Zag, Radial, Button, Random, etc can all be created. This exercise will focus on the Straight Line Orthogonal layout.点击 Layout 下拉菜单,选择 Stations,会弹出 Station Layout 菜单1)From the “Layout” pull down menu select “Stations”. After doing so the “Station Lay

19、out” menu will appear. 选择 lines/Bricks选项打开 Line/Brick layout 菜单.。设置检波器排列， 点距、线距、线方向、总尺寸、编号方式等。2)Select the “Lines/Bricks” option from “Station Layout” menu to bring up the “Line/Brick Layout” menu. It is at this menu where the user can input the station and line intervals, line bearings, overall siz

20、e, numbering, etc.填写“Line/Brick Layout”菜单(如下图)。就可以通过检波器个数和道数或点距和道距来定义测量尺寸。 在这一节里，我们定义 25 x 48 的检波器排列检波线 25 条、每条线上 48 个检波器。如下图填写菜单，再点 OK，工程窗口就会如下图显示。3)Fill in the “Line/Brick Layout” menu as it appears below. Survey size can be defined by numbers of stations and lines or by the inline and crossline s

21、ize. In this lesson we will be defining by the number of lines and stations per line (25 x 48). Fill in the menu as shown below and click on OK, the project window should now look as it does below. 42MESA CORE VERSION 5.0 USER MANUAL回到“Layout”下拉菜单，选择“Shots”。再选“Lines/Bricks”如下图填写，工程上会显示炮点和检波点排列。如果没有显

22、示，请回顾 1 到来 4 步，正确填写。4)Returning to the “Layout” pull down menu, select “Shots”. Again choose the option for “Lines/Bricks” and the “Line/Brick Layout” menu will appear. Fill it in as it appears below and your design window should now have all the source and receivers necessary to continue. If not, r

23、eview steps 1 through 4 to make sure all menus were filled in correctly.设计窗口里的测量现在是八平方千米。检波口为 220 组距和 880 线距，共 1200 个检波品。炮点为220 跑检距和 1320 线距，或 864 个炮点。用户将从原点坐标定义方格，运行程序,计算数据并把坐标转化为 ascii 码格式。现在把文件存为“lesson_1”。这个文件会在第三节用到。The survey in the design window is now an eight square mile survey. Receivers h

24、ave a 220 group interval and an 880 line interval for a total of 1200 receivers. The Sources have a 220 shot interval and a 1320 line interval for a total of 864 sources. The user is now going to translate the project from the (0,0) grid origin, renumber, define the bin grid, shoot the program, calc

25、ulate diagnostics, and then write the coordinates to an ascii format. Save the project now as “lesson_1”. This project will be used again in lesson #3.点下拉菜单“utilities”选择“Translation”选项。打开“Translation/Rotation”菜单。如下图填写。从这个菜单用户可以从原点坐标开始，把文件转换到标准坐标。文件也可以进行方位角旋转。本文件进行 0 度、90 度的检波线、炮线旋转。 TUTORIALS 43 5)F

26、rom the “Utilities” pull down menu select the “Translation” option. This will open the “Translation/Rotation” menu. Fill the menu in as it appears below. From this menu the user can translate the project from the (0,0) origin that the project has been started at to a more real world location. The pr

27、oject can also be rotated to fit a specified azimuth. For this lesson the project will be left at a 0 and 90 degree receiver and source line azimuth.Now the user can renumber the project to fit a different numbering scheme. The scheme to number will have each source and receiver with 6 digits, 3 for

28、 the line number and 3 for the 炮点和检波点桩号。检波点线号为 101、105、109检波点号为 501、502、503两个组合为桩号 101501、101502炮线号为 501，炮点号 101,炮点桩号为 501101。source or receiver number. The receiver line numbers are 101, 105, 109 and the receiver number will be 501, 502, 503 for a combined number of 101501, 101502 The source line n

29、umber will start with 501 and the source number will start with 101, progressing in the same mannor as the receivers. 从“Utilities”下拉菜单，选择“Renumbering”再选择“Sequential”。弹出“Sequential Renumbering”菜单。用户得重编号两次，一次是炮点编号一次是检波点编号。如下图填写菜单。炮点和检波点重编号后，把左下角放大核实是否正确。6)From the “Utilities” pull down menu select “Re

30、numbering” and then “Sequential”. The “Sequential Renumbering” menu will now be open. The user will need to renumber twice, once for the sources and once for the receivers. Fill the menus in as they appear below. Once both sources and receivers are renumbered, zoom in to the lower left hand corner t

31、o verify the numbering is correct. 44MESA CORE VERSION 5.0 USER MANUAL用户可以建立网格。如上图点在程序窗口点击“Edit Bins”图标。弹出“Bin Definition”菜单。如下图填写菜单或输入组距和线距，取消“Define Centers”复选框，选取“Auto Fit”button。得到如下图的填充。7)The user can now create the bin grid. From the icon bar at the top of the project window select the “Edit B

32、ins” icon as shown above. This will bring up the “Bin Definition” menu. Fill in the menu as it appears below, or enter 110 for the Inline and Crossline bin sizes, un-select the “Define Centers” check box, and select the “Auto Fit” button. This will fit the bin grid to the window as it appears below.

33、 TUTORIALS 45 用户还可以用 8 x 36 的放跑路径演示程序。如上图点击“Shoot Options”图标，弹出“shoot Dialog”菜单。选中“Automatic Template Centering”选项以激活“Rectangular Template”按扭并且如下图建立一个 8 x 36 大小的路径。点 OK 再选 Shoot 按扭。回到原来的窗体，程序进行演示。放炮演示完成后，可以按着 Shfit 鼠标左键点任意炮点来统计和验证已记录的 8 x 36 跑径尺寸。如下图8)The user can now shoot the program using an 8 x

34、36 shooting patch. From the icon bar at the top of the project window select the “Shoot Options” icon as shown above. This will activate the “Shoot Dialog” menu. Fill in the “Automatic Template Centering” section of the “Shoot Dialog” as it appears below. Choose the “Create Template” button to bring

35、 up the “Rectangular Template” menu and fill it in as it appears below to create the 8 x 36 patch size. Select OK and then select the “Shoot” button. MESA Core will return to the Project Window and the project will begin shooting. Once the shooting is complete, the user will be able to shift-click o

36、n any source to reveal that sources statistics and verify that a patch size of 8 x 36 was recorded into. Shift-click will result in a project window similar to the one below.46MESA CORE VERSION 5.0 USER MANUAL 用户还可以统计一些数据：如叠加次数、偏移量、方位角等。自网格被设置程序进行放炮演示后。所有的必要成分都数据都有。从“Bin Analysis”下拉菜单。选择“Fold Calcul

37、ation”选项。弹出“Fold Calculation”菜单。选取“Fold, Offsets, and Azimuths”选项。9)The user can now calculate some diagnostics, such as fold, offsets, and azimuths. Since the bin grid has been set and the project has been shot, all of the necessary components are in place. From the “Bin Analysis” pull down menu, s

38、elect the “Fold Calculation” option. This will bring up the “Fold Calculation” menu. Under Calculation Options select the “Fold, Offsets, and Azimuths” option. TUTORIALS 47 点 OK 开始数据统计,统计完后，叠加、偏移和方位角图标会被击活。选其中的任意一个图标并刷新屏幕，相应的数据就会显示出来。下边是一些例子。Select OK from this menu and MESA Core will start the calc

39、ulations for the diagnostics. Once the calculations are completed, the icons for the fold, offsets, and azimuths will become active. Selecting any of these icons and refreshing the screen will display the corresponding diagnostic. Some examples appear below.Save the project now to ensure all of the

40、calculations that have been done will not be lost.Use the “Save As New Database” function to save the project again as a new name (MESA1) before any of the following editing is done.At this point in the lesson the user will be editing a corner of the survey and then outputing the 把坐标存成 ascii 格式，将在第二

41、节中用到。再回到检波点跟已放炮的窗口。coordinates to an ascii format in order to use them in Lesson #2. The user needs to get back to the project window with just receivers and fired sources in the window. 48MESA CORE VERSION 5.0 USER MANUAL 如图，点“Edit Stations”图标。设计窗口就处于编辑状态并自动显示一套相应的图标。10)From the icon bar at the top

42、 of the project window, select the “Edit Stations” icon above. The design window in now is station edit mode and there is a new set of icons and commands.编辑刚开始的时候，Mesa 允许用户未保存关闭数据。如果有错误，关闭数据的时候会提示用户是保存还是放弃。Once editing begins, Mesa Core allows the user to close the database without saving. If a mist

43、ake were to be made, choose to close the database and Mesa Core will prompt the user to save or discard. If you save, the mistake will be saved. If you discard, the next time you open the database, you will be at the point where you last saved. 11)Select the “Group Selection Mode” icon and zoom into

44、 the bottom right hand corner of the survey. From the pull down menu in the new icon bar, change the “MOVE” command to “DELETE”. It is in this corner where the user will be drawing a polygon around selected receivers to delete. Follow the instructions in the green command line and draw a polygon as

45、it appears below. After double clicking to close the polygon, select delete from the Prompt Box and the project window will now be missing the selected receivers. TUTORIALS 49 现在用户要删除同一区域的炮点。如上图点“Edit Shots”图标。设计窗口处于编辑状态。和上边一样，在下拉菜单里选中 DELETE 和“Group Selection Mode”图标。圈一个需要删除的多边型。完了以后取消选中“Edit Shots

46、”图标。12)Now the user needs to delete the sources from this same area. From the icon bar at the top of the project window, select the “Edit Shots” icon above. The design window is now in shot edit mode. As before, the user should be in “Group Selection Mode” and have “DELETE” chosen from the pull down

47、 menu. Then draw a polygon around the area of sources to be deleted. The window should appear as they do below. When completed, unselect the “Edit Shots” icon.At this point in the lesson, the user will be outputting the X and Y coordinates of the sources and receivers on the project to an ascii file

48、. These files can be used to transfer survey information to acquisition, processing, or modeling systems. Source and receivers files will be named “lesson1.sps” and “lesson1.rps” respectively. 50MESA CORE VERSION 5.0 USER MANUAL点“Output”下拉菜单选择“SPS”选项。弹出“SPS Output”菜单。用户可以导出炮点和检波点的 ascii 格式文件。13)From

49、 the “Output” pull down menu select the “SPS” option. This will bring up the “SPS Output” menu. The user should now assign a file name to the source and receiver ascii files. A name will be assigned to the source file first.点 Source File 部份下的 File按扭，存为 lesson1。MESA 会自动给文件扩展名：炮点文件为.sps；检波点文件为.rps 选取

50、Open 回到 SPS Output 菜单。14)Select the “File” button under the Source File section and a window will appear for the user to assign a name and location to save the file. Assign the name “lesson1”. MESA Core will automatically supply the extension. For the SPS output, the extensions are (.sps) for source

51、s and (.rps) for receivers. Selecting “Open” will return the user to the “SPS Output” menu. 所有导出的文件名都会被列出来。重复上边的步骤把检波点文件也存为 lesson1。点 OK 后，系统自动生成 lesson1.sps 和 lesson1.rps 然后存盘退出程序。15)The name of the output files should now be listed after the “File” button. Repeat the above steps to assign the name

52、 “lesson1” to the Receiver file. Select OK and the files lesson1.sps and lesson1.rps will be created. Save the project by exiting the program记住存盘文件的路径，以后我们还要导入检波点和炮点。Remember where the files are located, these files will be used for importing of stations and shots in Lesson2. TUTORIALS 51 52MESA COR

53、E VERSION 5.0 USER MANUALLESSON #2Importing Coordinates & Grid Based Shooting第二节：坐标和放炮网格通过学习第二节，用户将熟练掌握如何从 ascii 文件导入炮点和检波点坐标。坐标来源于第一节里生成的 lesson1.rps 和 lesson1.sps。导入完成后，会生成一个网格，可以进行放炮，还能统计数据。与第一节不同的是，不用“Automatic Template Centering”而是用“Shooting Grid”The second lesson is to have the user become

54、 accustom to importing the source and receiver coordinates from ascii files. The coordinates to be imported are the ones created in Lesson #1, lesson1.rps and lesson1.sps. After the importing of the source and receivers has been completed, a bin grid will be set, the project shot, and the diagnostic

55、s calculated. Different from shooting the project in Lesson #1, the “Automatic Template Centering” will not be used. Instead the project will be shot using the “Shooting Grid”.首先是从 lesson1.rps 导入检波点坐标。打开 Layout 菜单选择 Stations。弹出 Station Layout 菜单。在菜单底部选择 File Import。打开 Station Import Setup 菜单。1)The u

56、ser will need to import the coordinates for the receivers from the file “lesson1.rps”. From the “Layout” pull down select “Stations”. This will bring up the “Station Layout” menu. At the bottom of this menu is the selection for “File Import”. Select “File Import”. This will bring up the “Station Imp

57、ort Setup” menu. 这个菜单里有三个选项。用户在第二节里用到第三个。At this menu the user has three options. The third of which the user will use in lesson 2.第一个按扭是用标准的格式文件进行导入。在左边列表里选择标准配置如 SEG-P1 或 SPS。再选把文件。点 OK 后，就自动导入了。The first option is to use a standard configuration file to assist in the importing. By selecting a sta

58、ndard configuration from the list such as SEG-P1 or SPS, the user can then select the respective coordinate ascii file of that configuration, select OK and the file will be imported automatically. 第二个按扭用户可以把自己的 ascii 格式文件配置存起来。点 Configuration File 按扭，系统会提示用户选定一个配置文件。一个数据文件。两个文件的名字会在各自的按扭后显示。点 OK，文件就

59、自动导入了。The second option allows the user to save the configuration of a unique ascii file format created by the user. By selecting the “Configuration File:” button, the user is prompted to give the location of the configuration file, then the data file. The names of these two files will appear next t

60、o their respective buttons. Select OK and the file will be imported automatically.第三个选项用户可以自行定义 ascii 文件格式，这样 MESA 就能正确解释读取信息。TUTORIALS 53 The third option is the user interactively defining the format of an ascii file so that MESA can interpret it and read the information correctly.单击 Station Import Setup