初四复习--被动语态导学案

1、The passive voice 被动语态 导学案 一、英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。被动语态表示句子的主语和谓语动词之间是被动关系1.当我们不知道或不必指出谁是动作的执行者。Computers are widely used in transport.2. 或者只需强调动作的承受者时。A third ring will be built around this city.基本结构：主动语态被动语态一般现在时V原/V-s/-esam/are/is +V.pp一般过去时v.过去式was/ were + V.pp一般将来时will/be going to + V.原will/ be g

2、oing to + be + V.pp进行时态be +doingbe being +done现在完成时have/has +donehave/has been +done过去完成时had+donehad been +done情态动词情态动词+V原情态动词+be +V.pp1 Class meeting is held every Thursday. 每周四都举行班会。2 The cup was broken by the boy. 杯子被那个男孩打碎了。3 A speech will be given this afternoon. 今天下午有一个演讲。4 I thought thousands

3、 of people would be helped. 我认为将有数千人得到帮助。 5 The machine was being repaired at this time yesterday. 昨天这时，机器正在被修理。 6 The problem is being discussed now. 问题正在被讨论。7 Two hundred trees have been planted by now. 到现在为止，已经种了二百棵树了8 She found the house had been destroyed by the storm. 她发现房子已经被暴风雨摧毁二、主动语态变被动语态的

4、方法：宾变主，主变宾（by+宾格），谓语动词be“过分”（be +V过去分词）We speak English.English is spoken by us宾变主 谓语（be+pp） 主变by+宾格三、做题步骤：1、找出宾语 （变主语）2、判断时态 （be+done） 时态一致3、检查三个一致性 句式一致 主谓一致主变by+宾格(放在时间状语之前)I must send this letter to his school soon.This letter must be sent to his school by me soon .做选择题技巧：1.选项出现被动态优先考虑被动态。2.注意主语

5、与动词的关系：是主动还是被动3.happen、take place 没有被动语态。4.变为被动语态,不能丢掉尾巴上的介词,常用的有look after, take care of, cut down, laugh at, talk about, turn on等 小试身手：一 选择（ ）1. The computer _ in Japan in 2003 and I have had it for only a week . A. was made B. can be made C. is made D. made 2. Most of the work _ by the computer l

6、ast year . A . are done B. is done C. were done D. was done3. The students _ the books to the library on time .A. must return B. are returned C. must be returned D. must to return4. Can you tell me what _ last night ?A. happen B. was happened C. took place D. was taken place5. Dont worry. All the ch

7、ildren_ by the nurses. A. look after B. are looked after C. looked after D. are looked 二 用括号里的动词的适当形式填空，然后把句子由主动变成被动： 1. Tom _(speak) English every day. English _ _ _ Tom every day.2. I_(clean) the windows yesterday. The windows _ _ _ _ yesterday.3. We_(必须完成) this work. This work _ _ _ by_ .4. They

8、_(play) football tomorrow. Football _ _ _ _ _tomorrow.5. _ they _(make) bikes in the factory in 1980? _ bikes _ in the factory _ _in 1980.三 双宾语一人一物 ，物做主语人前加to或for(buy)。We gave him some books.Eg:人：He was given some books(by us). 物：Some books were given to him (by us) buy sb sth sb is bought sth sth i

9、s bought for sb把下列句子由主动变成两个被动的句子：1.They gave him two books yesterday .He _ _ _ _ by them yesterday .Two books _ _ _ _by them yesterday.2.She bought me a football yesterday . I _ _ _ _ by her yesterday.A football _ _ _ _ by her yesterday.四 中考链接1People speak Japanese in Japan._ _ _ in Japan.2 Two year

10、s ago we used that machine to make shoes for children.Two years ago that machine_ _ _ _shoes for children3. You must throw the broken pottery away at once.The broken pottery_ _ _ _ at once.You must hand in your history homework by the weekend.Your history homework_ _ _ _ by the weekend.4. A neighbou

11、r helped to keep the dog. It _while we were on holiday.A. was taken care B. took care of C. is taken care of D. was taken care of 5. As usual , Meihua _at 6:00 this morning by her mother to get ready for school.A. has woken up B. woke up C. wakes up D. was woken up6. I think that bicycles_ for this

12、trip. It will be fun and good for our health.A. should use B. will use C. should be used D. will be able to use7 .-Excuse me , whats this for? -Its a cleaner and it _ to pick up dirt.A .uses B. is used C. is using D.used被动语态的特殊情况：1. lock, open, shut, read, sell, wash, write等动词,用来说明主语的性质特征而不强调被执行者的动作

13、时,用主动形式表达被动意义。The door doesnt open easily. Bikes of that kind sell well.2 cost, last, break out, take place, happen等状态动词或不及物动词及词组,虽然有被动意义,但要用主动形式。如: The meeting lasted two hours.3 feel, look, sound, smell, taste, remain等系动词,用主动形式表达被动意义。如: The dish smells delicious.4 need, want, require等动词以及形容词worth后

14、面,常跟动词-ing形式,用主动形式表达被动意义。如:This dictionary is well worth buying. The room needs cleaning.5不定式符号to在被动语态中不可省。其他形式不变。（如be found doing /be asked to do）The boss made him work overtime.He was made to work overtime. (其他 如be seen /heard +to do)6 表示客观说明的特殊句式须记住。 It is said that another steel plant will be se

15、t up in this city.It is hoped that 希望It is supposed that 据推测It must be pointed out that 必须指出It is known that 据说It is well known that 众所周知It is believed that 大家相信It is thought that 人们认为课堂反馈：一 主动变被动1 He made me do that for him. I _ _ _ that for him.2.I have given this book to the library. This book _ _ _ to the library.3.Did they build a bridge here a year ago? _ a bridge _ here by them a year ago?4 You needn't do it now. It _ _ _ by you now.二 完成句子1. The students _ often _(tell) to take care of their desks and chairs.2. That play _(put) on again sometime