学位英语语法高频考点小结-2

1、学位英语语法高频考点小结（2）虚拟语气如果所表示的条件根本不可能实现或实现的可能性很小时，称为虚拟条件句。考试重点：虚拟语气的基本形式和用法；if 的省略形式；含蓄条件句；以wish （ that）引导的表示 “愿望 ”的宾语从句；would rather引导的从句；以as if, as though引导的从句；以 suggest, advise, insist 等词后引导的宾语从句；It is necessary（ important ）that 引导的主语从句； It is time（ that） 句型中。一、虚拟语气的基本形式和用法：虚拟（条件）语气中，主句与从句中谓语动词的形式可分为下

2、面三类：1、 I would ask George to lend us the money if I _ him.A. had knownB. have knownC. knewD. know（答案： C。与现在的事实相反，从句用过去时）（ 1995 年 38 题）2、 Do you think there would be less conflictin the world if all people _ the samelanguage?A. spokeB. speakC. had spokenD. will speak（答案： A 。与现在的事实相反，从句的谓语动词用过去时。3、 If

3、 Bob_ with us, he would have had a good time.）A. would comeB. would have comeC. had comeD. came（答案为 C。与过去的事实相反，从句的谓语动词用过去完成时。二、 if 的省略形式）（ 1995 年59 题）省略在虚拟条件句中， if 。如谓语包含were , had, should等词， 则可以把这些词放到主语前面，1、 _ you were busy, I wouldn't have bothered you with my questions.A. If I realizedB. Had

4、I realizedC. Did I have realized thatD. As I realized（答案： B。虚拟条件句有时可以省略if ，而将谓语中的过去式were，had，或 should至主语之前。 1996 年 39 题）2、 _, I should ask them some questions.A. Should they cometo usB. If they cometo usC. Were they cometo usHad they come to us等移D.（答案： A 。与将来事实相反。 ）（ 1997三、含蓄条件句有时一个假设的情况不用条件从句表示，句。常

5、用with ，without ，but for 。1、 Without your help, we _ so much.年30题）而用其它方式来表示，这样的句子叫含蓄条件A. didn tachieveB. wouldnot have achievedC. willnotachieveD. dontachieve（答案：B。这是一句含蓄条件句，条件暗含在介词短语withoutyour help 中，因此要用虚拟语气。）（1996 年 33 题）2、 But for the rain, we _ a nice holiday.A. should haveB. would have hadC. w

6、ould haveD. will have had（答案：B。 2003 年 28 题）四、以 wish （ that）引导的表示“愿望 ”的宾语从句wish 后的宾语从句中要用虚拟语气，而在虚拟语气中时态的应用类似在非真实条件中从句时态的应用。表示现在或将来的愿望用：主语wish 从句（主语过去时） ；表示一个过去没有实现的愿望用：主语wish + 从句（主语过去完成时）；1、 Peter wishes that he _ law instead of literature when he was in college.A. could studyB. studiedC. had studi

7、edD. would study（答案： C）（ 2000年53题）2、 I didnA. weret go to the party, but I do wish I _ there. B. would be C. had been D. will be（答案：C）（ 2001年53题）五、 would rather 句子（过去时）1、 I d _ you didnt touch that, if you dont mind.A. ratherB. betterC. happierD. further（答为案： A ）（ 1998 年 45 题）2、 I am too busy these

8、days. I would rather all of you _ next month for a dinner.A. comeB. would comeC. cameD. have come（答案为C）（ 2002 年 46题）六、以 as if， as though 引导的从句在 as if， as though 引导的从句中，如果谈论的是不可能或不真实的情况时，它们所引用的状语从句要用虚拟语气，动词形式和wish 后面的从中动词形式变化相同。1、 He talks as if he _ everything in the world.A. knowsB. knewC. had know

9、nD. would have known（答案： B 。as if （ though）从句中非真实性情况用虚拟语气。本句表示说话人对现在的情况有所怀疑，所以用过去时。）2、 You are talking as if you had seen them你谈的那么起劲，好像你真的见过似的。（表示想象中的过去的动作）七、以 suggest， advise，insist 等词后引导的宾语从句中，从句的谓语动词要用should+ 动词原形， should 可以省略。类似的动词有：propose， insist ， suggest， order， demand， require， request 等。1

10、、 The doctor advised that Mr. Malan _ an operation right away so as to save his life.A. hadB. would haveC. haveD. was going to have（答案： C）（ 1998 年28 题）2、 His mother insisted that he _ the coat when going out.A. put onB. puts onC. to putD. putting on（答案： A ）（ 1999 年 58 题）八、 It is necessary/important/

11、urgent that 引导的主语从句中，从句的谓语动词要用should+ 原形动词， should 可以省略。1、 It s desired that she _ to teach us at least twice a week.A. comesB. will comeC. comeD. may come（答案： C）（ 1997 年 29 题）2、 It s urgent that a meeting _ before the final decision is made.A. will be arrangedB. must be arrangedC. be arrangedD. would be arranged（答案： C）（ 2003 年 45 题）九、 It is time (that)引导的定语从句中，谓语动词用过去时。1、 It s high time we _ somethin