英语专题2第2课时时态语态知识考查

1、 (2011届汕头市四校联考) Scientists have developed a nonstick chewing gum. The new gum can 16._ (remove) easily from pavements, shoes and clothes. Its the result of polymer(聚合体) research at the University of Bristol and could be launched commercially next year. 17._ it catches on, the product will solve 18._

2、 major headache for present authorities around the world. “The advantage of our Clean Gum is that 19._ has a great taste, it is easy to remove and has the potential to be 20._ (environment) degradable(可降解的)，” said Terence Cosgrove, a professor of chemistry 21._ helped to found a company called Revol

3、ymer to commercialize the technology. Todays chewing gums are made from synthetic(人造的，合成的) latex(胶乳), which is resistant 22._ the weather and is strongly sticky. The new gum adds a special polymer to modify its properties, 23._ (make) it far 24._(sticky). In two street trials, other commercial gums

4、remained stuck to the pavement 25._ Clean Gum came away naturally in all cases.【答案及解析】 16. be removed考查谓语动词的时态语态，该句主语和谓语的关系显然是主语为动作的承受者，用被动语态；在情态动词后，接动词原形，故应该填 be removed。 17. If考查状语从句的连接词，句意是“如果这种清洁香口胶流行 (catch on) 的话，将能解决一件让世界上当代政府头疼的事”，引导条件状语从句，用if。 【答案及解析】 18. a考查不定冠词的使用，可数名词单数前面应加冠词或形容词性的物主代词，该

5、处填 a 表示 one 的意思。 19. it考查代词的使用，分析句子成分可知，that 从句缺少主语，故应该填 it 来指代这种清洁型香口胶。 【答案及解析】 20. environmentally考查词性变换，修饰形 容 词 作 状 语 ， 用 副 词 ， 故 应 该 填 environmentally。 21. who考查定语从句的连接词，引导定语从句并在从句中作主语，先行词是 a professor of chemistry，故应该填 who。 【答案及解析】 22. to考查介词的使用，表示“对有抵御能力的，耐的”，在 be resistant 后接介词 to。 23. making

6、考查非谓语动词，现在分词作状语表结果。 【答案及解析】 24. less sticky考查形容词的比较级，由语境可知，这种新型口香糖中添加了一种能改变其属性的特殊聚合物后，其黏性应当是大大降低了，即不及以前有黏性了；表示“不及”用“less形容词原级”。 25. while考查连接词的使用，本句把普通香口胶与清洁型香口胶进行对照，故应该填 while。 谓语动词的考查包括：动词的时态和语态 一、动词时态：高考的时态较多地和语态结合在一起考查。这里主要挑选考查较多的完成时态来进行分析。时态特征和实例现在完成时1.和for, since引导的状语连用：It _ (be) ten years sin

7、ce I came to Guangzhou. (has been)2.和介词短语连用：during / in /over the last(past)few years (months, weeks), in recent years等。Jerry _ (witness) the change in this city over the last 10 years. (has witnessed) 现在完成时和过去完成时考点分析表：时态特征和实例现在完成时3.常用现在完成时的句型：It is (has been) + 一段时间 + since从句This (That / It) is the

8、 first(second) time that + 完成时This (That / It) is the only+ that + 完成时This (that / It) is the best / finest / most interesting+that+完成时4. 在时间或条件状语从句中，现在完成时可以代替一般将来时。如：I shall post the letter as soon as I _ (write) it. (have written)续表时态特征和实例过去完成时常用过去完成时的几种情况：1. 在by, by the end, by the time, until, b

9、efore, since后接表示过去某一时间的短语或从句以前发生的动作。如The train _ (leave) before we reached the station. (had left)续表时态特征和实例过去完成时2. “时间名词 + before”在句子中作状语，谓语动词用过去完成时。如：He said his first father _ (die) at least 10 years before. (had died) “时间名词 + ago”在句中作状语，谓语动词用一般过去时。如：Xiao Hua _ (leave) school 3 years ago. (left)续表

10、时态特征和实例过去完成时3.表示“一就”的几个句型。如：Hardly / No sooner / Scarcely had + 主语 + 过去分词 + when / than / before + 一般过去时。如：We had no sooner been seated than the bus started. = _ had we been seated than the bus started.(No sooner)续表 其他时态的考查 如果篇章句子中出现one day, ago, last year, just now, the other day等，一般用过去时。如果出现同一主语连续

11、跟着几个动作(“连谓”)形式则只用一般过去时即可。The old woman opened the door, entered the room and then _ (sit) down. (sat) 二、动词的语态：一般考查被动语态 实例见证： All the animals lined up on the river bank and _ (give) an order to swim across to the opposite shore. 答案：were given 从并列连词and可以看出本空的时态要和前面保持一致，用一般过去时。在语态方面，从意思上看，动物们是“被给予命令”，因

12、此用被动语态。被动语态的特殊用法：1. 有些动词以其主动形式表示被动意义，特别是当主语是物时，常见的动词有sell, write, wash, open, lock, feel, look, smell, taste, sound等。实例见证：To everyones surprise, his books _ (sell) quite well.答案：sold2. want, require, need后面的动名词用主动表示被动含义。be worth doing用主动形式表示被动含义。实例见证：I strongly recommend you this movie because it is

13、 really worth _ (watch). 答案：watching3. 在“be + 形容词 + to do”中，不定式的逻辑宾语是句子的主语，用主动代被动。实例见证：This kind of water isnt fit to _ (drink). The girl isnt easy to _ (get) along with.另外：be to blame(受谴责)，be to rent(出租)也用主动形式表被动。As a matter of fact, it is the father _ (blame) rather than the child. 答案：drinkgetto b

14、lame4. 被动形式表示主动意义，强调主语的状态。如：be seated 坐着； be hidden 躲藏； be lost 迷路； be drunk 喝醉； be dressed 穿着【答案及解析】16. named考查非谓语动词，过去分词作后置定语。17. from考查介词的使用， 从她5岁的弟弟身上输血。【答案及解析】18. who考查定语从句的连接词，非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的her fiveyearold brother。19. illness考查词性变换， 她的弟弟曾经也患过此病，已经形成了抵抗这种疾病的抗体。【答案及解析】20. if / whether考查宾语从句的连接